E/Ea For The Prediction of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombi in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Severe Mitral Stenosis.

Atrial fibrillation (AF), left atrial appendage thrombi (LAAT) and subsequent embolic stroke are the most frequent complications of mitral stenosis .E/Ea is used traditionally for the assessment of left atrium pressure, and besides AF and dilated LA size which promotes stasis of blood in LA, high LA pressure also play a role to clot formation in LA .The receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve point-coordinates identified an E:e' value of ≥ 36.

Aortic stenosis: A routine diagnosis with a rare cause.

A 40-year-old male patient presented with dyspnea on exertion and palpitation from 2 months ago. Physical examination revealed normal vital sign and a systolic murmur grade 3/6 in aortic area. Echocardiography revealed unicuspid aortic valve with an eccentric orifice, calcification, and aortic valve area of 0.