Novel Advances in Cell-Free Therapy for Premature Ovarian Failure (POF): A Comprehensive Review.

Premature ovarian failure (POF), is a condition characterized by the early decline of ovulation function. POF is a complex disorder that can be caused by various factors, and the idiopathic form represents a significant proportion of POF patients. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is currently considered the first-line treatment for POF.

The Prevalence and Awareness of Regular Follow Up of Patients Treated with Phototherapy for Skin Cancer Surveillance.

Objective Background: Regular full-body skin examination is commonly ignored in patients post-phototherapy, despite ultraviolet (UV) radiation being carcinogenic. Our objectives are to assess the prevalence of regular follow-up and full-body skin examination for patients treated with phototherapy, as well as the relationship between phototherapy exposure and the development of skin cancer in Saudi Arabia.

Methods Settings Design: This was a cross-sectional retrospective study conducted from January 2022 to July 2022.

Ultrasound-assisted encapsulating folic acid-based carbon quantum dots within breast cancer cell-derived exosomes as a co-receptors-mediated anticancer nanocarrier for enhanced breast cancer therapy.

The nonspecific nature of cancer drug delivery often results in substantial toxic side effects during treatments for breast cancer. To mitigate these negative outcomes, our approach involves loading methotrexate (MTX) within carbon quantum dots (CQDs) synthesized from folic acid, which are then enveloped in exosomal membranes obtained from breast cancer cells (Ex@MTX-CQDs). Analysis utilizing nanoparticle tracking techniques has demonstrated that these Ex@MTX-CQDs maintain the physical and biochemical properties of their exosomal precursors.

Hesperidin/Salinomycin Combination; a Natural Product for Deactivation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway and Anti-Apoptotic Factors in KG1a Cells.

AML is a highly aggressive malignant clonal disease of hematopoietic origin. Hesperidin as a polyphenol glycoside, Activates the apoptotic pathway and salinomycin as a k + selective ionophore. We examined how hesperidin and salinomycin induce pro-apoptotic effects in KG1a cells.

The first Iranian patient with You-Hoover-Fong syndrome and a review of the literature on 27 cases: expanding the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum.

Background: The ultra-rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, You-Hoover-Fong Syndrome (YHFS), is caused by defects in the TELO2 gene and is characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, and ocular impairments. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of YHFS by reviewing previous cases and introducing a novel variant in a new case.

Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on the proband to identify genetic variants, and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm variants within the family.

The potential therapeutic effect of melatonin in oxaliplatin combination therapy against chemoresistant colorectal cancer cells.

Background: Oxaliplatin is one of the main therapeutics in colorectal cancer (CRC) chemotherapy. However, in light of multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype development, the efficacy of oxaliplatin has decreased. This study aimed to assess the potential therapeutic effect of melatonin in oxaliplatin combination therapy for drug-resistant colorectal cancer cells.

Impact of Pt() Electrode Surface Structure on the Electrical Double Layer Capacitance.

The classical theory of the electrical double layer (EDL) does not consider the effects of the electrode surface structure on the EDL properties. Moreover, the best agreement between the traditional EDL theory and experiments has been achieved so far only for a very limited number of ideal systems, such as liquid metal mercury electrodes, for which it is challenging to operate with specific surface structures. In the case of solid electrodes, the predictive power of classical theory is often not acceptable for electrochemical energy applications, e.

White-brown adipose tissue interplay in polycystic ovary syndrome: Therapeutic avenues.

This study highlights the therapeutic potential of activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) for managing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prevalent endocrine disorder associated with metabolic and reproductive abnormalities. BAT plays a crucial role in regulating energy expenditure and systemic insulin sensitivity, making it an attractive target for the treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. Recent research suggests that impaired BAT function and mass may contribute to the link between metabolic disturbances and reproductive issues in PCOS.

Expression of interleukin-1β and its receptor in human granulosa cells and their association with steroidogenesis.

This study aimed to investigate whether interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and soluble IL-1 receptor 2 (sIL-1R2) are expressed in human granulosa cells (GCs) and relate to ovarian steroidogenesis. Ninety-six women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) were recruited. RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry were used to detect mRNAs and proteins of IL-1β and IL-1R2, respectively.

Exosome-bearing hydrogels and cardiac tissue regeneration.

Background: In recent years, cardiovascular disease in particular myocardial infarction (MI) has become the predominant cause of human disability and mortality in the clinical setting. The restricted capacity of adult cardiomyocytes to proliferate and restore the function of infarcted sites is a challenging issue after the occurrence of MI. The application of stem cells and byproducts such as exosomes (Exos) has paved the way for the alleviation of cardiac tissue injury along with conventional medications in clinics.

Vandetanib alters the tumoricidal capacity of human breast cancer stem cells via inhibiting vasculogenic capacity.

Introduction: The inhibition of vascularization into tumor stroma as well as dynamic cell growth is the center of attention. Here, we aimed to examine the role of vandetanib on angiogenesis capacity of breast cancer stem cell (CSCs).

Methods: MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to different doses of vandetanib and survival rate was monitored.

Relationship between miRNA-21, miRNA-155, and miRNA-182 expression and inflammatory factors in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: The impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) on the differentiation and function of inflammatory cells is well-established. MiRNAs play a crucial role in modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in neuronal cells as well. With this knowledge in mind, our study aimed to explore the relationship between the expression of miRNAs and inflammatory markers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Surgical management of a rare giant ovarian serous cystadenoma with distinctive clinical manifestations.

Giant ovarian cysts are categorized with sizes >10 cm. After reaching huge diameters, these rare tumors cause clinical symptoms such as nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain. We present a 29-year-old woman with a giant unique cystadenoma represented with unusual clinical features like low back pain and progressive constipation.

Determination of the fate of Cholecalciferol injected by the basis of 25D3 plasma concentration.

Sun exposure in bovines is believed to be the most important route of 25D synthesis in suitable latitudes. In some situations, e.g.

The potential pitfalls of synovial sarcoma mimicking intraneural ganglion cyst: A case report and literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma (STS) that accounts for 5-10 % of all STS. Synovial sarcoma of the peripheral nerve is very rare, with only 26 cases reported in the literature. Hence, this case report describes an unusual presentation of synovial sarcoma mimicking intraneural ganglion cysts and a literature review.

Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword.

As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit to uninfected cells. Emerging data have revealed en bloc viral transmission as lipid bilayer-cloaked particles via extracellular vesicles especially exosomes (Exo). The supporting membrane can be originated from multivesicular bodies during intra-luminal vesicle formation and autophagic response.

Community Awareness of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot) in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) or clubfoot is known as a deformity characterized by excessively turned-in feet and high medial longitudinal arches. It is one of the most common musculoskeletal abnormalities. It is estimated that approximately 20% of CTEV cases are caused by another congenital disease or syndromic condition.

Numerical analysis of liquid flow measurement using multipath ultrasonic phased array flowmeter.

In this paper, multipath ultrasonic flowmeter using phased array transducer is introduced to measure the flowrate. In the proposed flowmeter, the path velocities are achieved by dynamic beam steering via phased array sensor then numerical integration is used to calculate the flowrate. Turbulent flow profile through a straight pipe, flow field downstream of single bend, and double bend are studied in this paper.

Cardioprotective potential of vanillic acid.

Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a global threat to public health, accounting for almost one-third of all deaths worldwide. One of the key mechanistic pathways contributing to the development of CVDs, including cardiotoxicity (CTX) and myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is oxidative stress (OS). Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is closely associated with decreased antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Follicular fluid extracellular vesicle miRNAs and ovarian aging.

The decrease in the reproductive potential due to aging occurs as a gradual decline in the quantity and quality of the ovarian reserve, a phenomenon associated with risk of miscarriage, pregnancy loss, low ovarian stimulation, and oocyte abnormalities, such as chromosomal aneuploidies. Numerous studies have shown that the fertility potential of older women is decreased by changes to the cellular composition of the follicles. Additionally, a unique method of cellular communication has been identified which involves the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in various body fluids including follicular fluid (FF).

The Journey to Diagnose Spondyloarthritis in Patients From Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction  Ankylosing spondylitis, now frequently referred to as spondyloarthritis (SpA), is a chronic inflammatory disease causing axial arthritis and inflammatory lower back pain resulting in the eventual impairment of spinal mobility. Moreover, its systemic complications include stiffness and inflexibility, restriction of lung capacity and function, eye inflammation, compression spinal fractures, and heart problems. Hence, early diagnosis and intervention play a key role in preventing acute complications and improving the quality of life.