Adv Rheumatol
June 2024
Background: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are involved in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis through pro-inflammatory cytokine production. TAK-242, a TLR4 blocker, has been found to have a significant impact on the gene expression profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL1-β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TLR4, as well as the phosphorylation of Ikβα, a regulator of the NF-κB signaling pathway, in OA-FLSs. This study aims to investigate this effect because TLR4 plays a crucial role in inflammatory responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study investigated the effect of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on relative acceleration of the tibia and femur during a number of tests/activities, in order to assess the feasibility of acceleration-based diagnosis of ACL injury using inertial sensors. First, a detailed finite element model of the knee joint was developed to simulate the target tests/activities, and identify those in which a large difference between the maximum acceleration peaks (MAPs) of the healthy and ACL injured knees is likely to be observed. The promising tests/activities were entered in an experimental study, where the relative accelerations of the tibiae and femurs of 20 individuals with unilateral ACL injury, allocated randomly to two groups of conscious and unconscious test conditions, were recorded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase: A 70-year-old woman presented with knee pain and instability and was diagnosed with advanced knee osteoarthritis and bifocal tibial deformities. The complexity of the case challenged our team to perform a significant sagittal correction (>60°) and restore her ability to walk independently. We performed ipsilateral total knee arthroplasty and anterior closed wedge tibial osteotomy using virtual planning and 3D-printed patient-specific instrumentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe use of customized 3D-printed structures has been gaining popularity in non-union management, as it allows for bypassing the defect while promoting osseointegration. Additionally, porous titanium implants minimize stress shielding due to their stiffness and elastic modulus being closer to that of bone. The interconnected channels increase the surface area and provide space for cell adhesion and proliferation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previous studies has shown that nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) is expressed in Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients which is stimulated by muramyl dipeptide (MDP) present in the joint environment and induces inflammation via the NF-κB pathway. Also, other studies have shown that curcumin inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion, and Inflammation and on the other hand increases the apoptosis of RA FLSs. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of curcumin, a natural anti-inflammatory micronutrient, on the expression of NOD2 and inflammatory cytokines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: After the Coronavirus pandemic, many educational routines were stopped for the safety of medical staff. To achieve educational goals, we have implemented new policies in our hospitals. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of such strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), the main pathological cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), display tumor-like phenotype, including hyper-proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and aggressive phenotype. Excessive proliferation and insufficient apoptosis of RA-FLSs can lead to hyperplastic synovial pannus tissue, excess production of inflammatory mediators, and destruction of joints. In this article, we investigate the effect of PRIMA-1 on the apoptosis induction and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines in RA-FLSs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) play a major role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and dysregulation of unfolded protein response are involved in the resistance to apoptosis of FLSs in RA (RA-FLSs). MicroRNA (MiR)-211 plays an important role in controlling ER stress and apoptotic genes in a PKR-like ER kinase (PERK)-activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-dependent manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Corona virus infectious pandemic makes outdoors rehabilitation a potential hazard. Patient education to perform simple home-based exercises seems to be an interesting and sometimes a mandatory option. This study provides a comparison between the conventional and home-based virtual rehabilitation after surgical repair of medial meniscus root tears.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignificant work has been done in recent years on treatment strategies for distal femur fractures. Inclusive reviews on periprosthetic fractures of distal femur have been carried out recently, but there is a lack of such reviews on the subject of native distal femur fractures in the recent literature. In this narrative review, we are set out to address the latest updates on geriatric non-periprosthetic distal femur fractures, and perform a rapid review over different treatment options, arriving at a summarized proposed treatment algorithm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: It is essential to know the normal extrusion measures in order to detect pathological ones. In this study, we aimed to define some normal reference values for meniscal extrusion in the normal knees during different ranges of motion.
Methods: The amount of anterior and posterior portion of meniscal extrusion among 21 asymptomatic volunteers (42 knees) were tracked in 0, 45, and 90° of knee flexion using an ultrasound machine.
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) produce lots of inflammatory molecules that trigger immune responses and intensification the inflammation and thereby play important roles in Rheumatoid Arthritis )RA( pathogenesis. Due to the important roles of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in cytokine production and inflammation, we aimed to evaluate the effects of TAK-242 (Resatorvid) on interleukin (IL)1-β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TLR4 expression and two important proteins of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway (Ikβα and pIkβα) in RA and trauma FLSs. FLSs were isolated from synovial tissues of trauma (n=10) and RA (n=10) patients and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) have been introduced in recent years as a key player in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the exact mechanisms of their transformation and intracellular pathways have not yet been determined. This study aimed to investigate the role of fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP-α) in the regulation of genes involved in the transformation and pathogenic activity of RA FLSs. Synovial FLSs were isolated from RA patients and non-arthritic individuals (n=10 in both groups) and characterized; using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSwelling and the progressive destruction of articular cartilage are major characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a systemic autoimmune disease that directly affects the synovial joints and often causes severe disability in the affected positions. Recent studies have shown that type B synoviocytes, which are also called fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), as the most commonly and chiefly resident cells, play a crucial role in early-onset and disease progression by producing various mediators. During the pathogenesis of RA, the FLSs' phenotype is altered, and represent invasive behavior similar to that observed in tumor conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The objective of this pilot clinical trial study was to evaluate safety and effectiveness of the newly engineered tissue composed of autologous chondrocytes and collagen/fibroin scaffold in repair of osteochondral defects.
Methods: We implemented a pilot clinical study in two patients with knee osteochondral lesions using engineered tissue composed of scaffold and autologous chondrocytes. Patients were clinically evaluated using the International Repair Cartilage Society score and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for one year.
Surgical reattachment of medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) with transtibial sutures can delay the presence of medial knee joint compartment osteoarthritis. Most suture configurations are placed five mm away from the torn margin in the meniscal substance which is already degenerated and may decrease the pull out strengths of repair construct. The number of meniscus penetration may also be important considering meniscus tissue damage with more complex suture techniques impose the risk of suture cut out through the meniscus substance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The ultimate goal of the treatment of infectious knee arthritis is to protect the articular cartilage from adverse effects of infection. Treatment, however, is not always hundred percent successful and has a 12% failure rate. Persistent infection is more likely to happen in elderly patients and those with underlying joint diseases, particularly osteoarthritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe first pandemic of the coronavirus family was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019. As a result of the pandemic critical condition, specialized orthopedic services were obviously affected. To respond properly, we initiated a series of strategic measures, aiming at the safety of staff, minimizing the exposure, and prevention of possible disruption in providing services.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: MRI is now the modality of choice for evaluating articular cartilage. Nevertheless, it has some general drawbacks. Some patients cannot undergo MRI, and in others US scan could be the first examination and cartilage should be evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by immune dysfunctions and chronic inflammation that mainly affects diarthrodial joints. Genetics has long been surveyed in searching for the etiopathogenesis of the disease and partially clarified the conundrums within this context. Epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, which have been considered to be involved in RA pathogenesis, likely explain the nongenetic risk factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Tissue Res
August 2019
The published online of the original version contains mistakes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiplanar or global laxity in arthritic knee is rare, most of this patients have neuromuscular disorder (post poliomyelitis, spinal dystrophy) or history of knee trauma. Ligament insufficiency and severe bone loss is significant in this patient. The estimated prevalence for the concurrence of charcot marie-tooth (CMT) with myasthenia gravis (MG) suggests an extremely rare event.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeriodic evaluation and monitoring the health and economic outcome of joint replacement surgery is a common and popular process under the territory of joint registries in many countries. In this article we introduce the methodology used for the foundation of the National Iranian Joint Registry (IJR) with a joint collaboration of the Social Security Organization (SSO) and academic research departments considering the requirements of the Iran's Ministry of Health and Education.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Tissue Res
June 2016