Role of volumetric tumor enhancement on CT in predicting overall survival in patients with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To assess the utility of volumetric tumor enhancement on CT to predict tumor treatment response and the overall survival (OS) of patients with PDAC undergoing FOLFIRINOX-based systemic chemotherapy. Additionally, we aim to explore the performance of a novel model that incorporates relevant volumetric CT-derived parameters to the established RECIST 1.1 in predicting both treatment response and OS.

Value of radiomics features extracted from baseline computed tomography images in predicting overall survival in patients with nonsurgical pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: incorporation of a radiomics score to a multiparametric nomogram to predict 1-year overall survival.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the value of radiomics features derived from baseline computed tomography (CT) scans and volumetric measurements to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with nonsurgical pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treated with a chemotherapy combination regimen of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX).

Methods: In this retrospective single-institution study, 131 patients with nonsurgical PDAC who received FOLFIRINOX neoadjuvant chemotherapy between December 2012 and November 2021 were included. Pretreatment contrast-enhanced CT images were obtained for all patients before inclusion.

Enhanced staging of extrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through dual-tracer PET/computed tomography: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this study was to quantify the diagnostic value of dual-tracer PET/computed tomography (CT) with 11 C-acetate and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in per-lesion and per-patient and its effect on clinical decision-making for choosing the most appropriate management. The study protocol is registered a priori at https://osf.io/rvm75/ .

Screening for exclusion of high-risk bleeding features of esophageal varices in cirrhosis through CT and MRI.

Background & Aim: Esophageal varices (EV) screening guidelines have evolved with improved risk stratification to avoid unnecessary esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in individuals with low bleeding risks. However, uncertainties persist in the recommendations for certain patient groups, particularly those with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and/or receiving non-selective beta-blockers (NSBB) without prior endoscopy. This study assessed the efficacy of imaging in ruling out EVs and their high-risk features associated with bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and with HCC.

Radiomics Features in Predicting Human Papillomavirus Status in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review, Quality Appraisal, and Meta-Analysis.

We sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of radiomics features in predicting HPV status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) compared to routine paraclinical measures used in clinical practice. Twenty-six articles were included in the systematic review, and thirteen were used for the meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity of the included studies was 0.

Radiomics Features Extracted From Pre- and Postprocedural Imaging in Early Prediction of Treatment Response in Patients Undergoing Transarterial Radioembolization of Hepatic Lesions: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Quality Appraisal Study.

Introduction: Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is one of the most promising therapeutic options for hepatic masses. Radiomics features, which are quantitative numeric features extracted from medical images, are considered to have potential in predicting treatment response in TARE. This article aims to provide meta-analytic evidence and critically appraise the methodology of radiomics studies published in this regard.

Patient Characteristics Associated With Embolization Versus Hysterectomy for Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Black and underinsured women in the United States are more likely than their counterparts to develop uterine fibroids (UFs) and experience more severe symptoms. Uterine artery embolization (UAE), a uterine-sparing therapeutic procedure, is less invasive than the common alternative, open hysterectomy. To determine whether demographic disparities persist in UF treatment utilization, we reviewed patient characteristics associated with UAE versus hysterectomy for UF among studies of US clinical practices.

Predictive role of radiomics features extracted from preoperative cross-sectional imaging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in detecting lymph node metastasis: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

Lymph node metastases are associated with poor clinical outcomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In preoperative imaging, conventional diagnostic modalities do not provide the desired accuracy in diagnosing lymph node metastasis. The current review aims to determine the pooled diagnostic profile of studies examining the role of radiomics features in detecting lymph node metastasis in PDAC.

Deep Radiomics Features of Median Nerves for Automated Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome With Ultrasound Images: A Multi-Center Study.

Objectives: Ultrasound is widely used in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, the limitations of ultrasound in CTS detection are the lack of objective measures in the detection of nerve abnormality and the operator-dependent nature of ultrasound imaging. Therefore, in this study, we developed and proposed externally validated artificial intelligence (AI) models based on deep-radiomics features.

Pervasiveness of Open Journal Invitations Across Radiology Specialties.

This study examines the patterns of faculty solicitations by open-access (OA) publishers in radiology. The purpose of the research is to determine the factors that predict the likelihood of receiving such solicitations. We recruited 6 faculty members from 7 subspecialties in radiology to collect emails from OA journals for 2 weeks.

PET/MR enterography in inflammatory bowel disease: A review of applications and technical considerations.

Positron emission tomography (PET) magnetic resonance (MR) enterography is a novel hybrid imaging technique that is gaining popularity in the study of complex inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal system, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This imaging technique combines the metabolic information of PET imaging with the spatial resolution and soft tissue contrast of MR imaging. Several studies have suggested potential roles for PET/MR imaging in determining the activity status of IBD, evaluating treatment response, stratifying risk, and predicting long-term clinical outcomes.

Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Lactate in Alzheimer Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Alzheimer Disease Pathology and the Role of Lactate.

Functional 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) is a derivative of dynamic MRS imaging. This modality links physiologic metabolic responses with available activity and measures absolute or relative concentrations of various metabolites. According to clinical evidence, the mitochondrial glycolysis pathway is disrupted in many nervous system disorders, especially Alzheimer disease, resulting in the activation of anaerobic glycolysis and an increased rate of lactate production.

The Additive Value of Radiomics Features Extracted from Baseline MR Images to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Staging System in Predicting Transplant-Free Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.

Background: To study the additive value of radiomics features to the BCLC staging system in clustering HCC patients.

Methods: A total of 266 patients with HCC were included in this retrospective study. All patients had undergone baseline MR imaging, and 95 radiomics features were extracted from 3D segmentations representative of lesions on the venous phase and apparent diffusion coefficient maps.

An open-access breast lesion ultrasound image database‏: Applicable in artificial intelligence studies.

Breast cancer is one of the largest single contributors to the burden of disease worldwide. Early detection of breast cancer has been shown to be associated with better overall clinical outcomes. Ultrasonography is a vital imaging modality in managing breast lesions.

Diagnosis of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Comparative Multi-Center Study of Semantic Features and Deep Learning-Based Models.

Objectives: Deep learning algorithms have shown potential in streamlining difficult clinical decisions. In the present study, we report the diagnostic profile of a deep learning model in differentiating malignant and benign lymph nodes in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.

Methods: An in-house deep learning-based model called "ClymphNet" was developed and tested using two datasets containing ultrasound images of 195 malignant and 178 benign lymph nodes.

Diffuse infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma: Multimodality imaging manifestations.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer, being the third most common cause of cancer-related death globally. HCC most frequently develops in the context of hepatic cirrhosis. HCC can manifest as various morphologic subtypes.