A clinician's guide to gallstones and common bile duct (CBD): A study protocol for a systematic review and evidence-based recommendations.

Background And Aims: Gallstones are one of the most common and costly diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and occur when a combination of deposits consisting of fat or minerals accumulate in the gallbladder or common bile duct (CBD). This paper provides a comprehensive review of gallstone epidemiology, diagnosis, and management, focusing on current clinical guidelines and evidence-based approaches.

Methods: A systematic literature review gathered information from various sources, including PubMed, Trip, Google Scholar, Clinical Key, and reputable medical association websites.

Endoscopic clipping of a complicated esophageal perforation following pneumatic dilation for achalasia: A case study and literature review.

A transmural esophageal tear complicated by large size and unusual location was diagnosed in a 59-year-old man after undergoing pneumatic balloon dilation for achalasia. It was closed with six endo-clips. The patient recovered and was discharged with ordinary diet 8 days later, after receiving supportive care for a week.

Correlation of Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Bleeding by Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC) via Contact Heat Probe Method (heater probe) with Epinephrine Injection.

BACKGROUND This clinical investigation aimed to compare the efficacy of treatment of peptic ulcer hemorrhage by argon plasma coagulation (APC) via contact heat probe method (heater probe) along with epinephrine injection. METHODS 100 patients who underwent endoscopic treatment, were randomly divided into two groups consisting of 50 patients each. In the first group, an intervention was performed using foot pedal and 2.

The combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir is effective and safe in treating patients with hepatitis C and severe renal impairment.

Background And Aim: Many of the treatment regimens available for hepatitis C include sofosbuvir. Unfortunately, sofosbuvir has not been recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment leaving these group of patients with very few options. Nevertheless, there are many reports in which these patients have been treated with sofosbuvir-containing regiments without important adverse events.

Comparison of the Bile Reflux Frequency in One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: a Cohort Study.

Introduction: One of the most acceptable procedures in bariatric surgery is laparoscopic gastric bypass. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a common technique used in bariatric surgery. Recently, one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has been suggested as a simple, fast, and effective technique for obesity treatment.

Serum amylase and lipase levels for prediction of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess 2- and 4-h postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) serum amylase and lipase levels for prediction of post-ERCP, pancreatitis (PEP), and their predictive cutoff values.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated serum amylase and lipase levels before the procedure, 2 h and 4 h after the procedure, and in patients with persisting abdominal pain, 24 h afterward. A total of 300 adult patients who underwent ERCP procedures from March 2014 to June 2015 in referral hospital in Isfahan were studied.

Is There a Correlation between and Enterohepatic Helicobacter Species and Gallstone Cholecystitis?

BACKGROUND Cholecystitis is a common surgical condition. Recently, several authors have reported that DNA of bile tolerant spp. has been found in the human bile colonizing the biliary tract.

Novel Variants and Copy Number Variation in CDH1 Gene in Iranian Patients with Sporadic Diffuse Gastric Cancer.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to survey the nucleotide changes and copy number variations (CNV) in the CDH1 gene in Iranian patients with sporadic diffuse gastric cancer (SDGC).

Materials And Methods: In this study, 28 patients were examined who upon gastrectomy had been diagnosed with SDGC according to the familial history and histopathological criteria which was confirmed by the pathologist. DNA extraction was performed from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues using a phenol-chloroform method following xylene deparaffinization.

Premedication with benzodiazepines for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: Comparison between oral midazolam and sublingual alprazolam.

Background: Premedication with orally administered benzodiazepines is effective in reducing anxiety and discomfort related to endoscopic procedures. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral midazolam in comparison to sublingual alprazolam as premedication for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).

Materials And Methods: Adult candidates for diagnostic EGD received either oral midazolam (7.

Comparing the Effects of Hydroxyethyl Starch and Albumin in Cirrhotic Patients with Tense Ascites; a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Large-volume paracentesis is one of the usual treatments for cirrhotic patients with tense ascites, which may cause different complications including decreased cardiac preload, suppressed renin angiotensin system, inactivation of sympathetic nervous system, electrolyte imbalances, etc.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of administrating hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and albumin in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites in order to reduce the paracentesis complications.

Methods: In the present randomized clinical trial, 108 cirrhotic patients with tense ascites were enrolled.

The Relationship between the Time of Endoscopy and Morbidity and Mortality Rates in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Background: This study was done to evaluate the relationship between the time of endoscopy in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding with morbidity and mortality rates of patients at the Al Zahra Hospital emergency room.

Materials And Methods: In a cohort study, 1152 patients at 2014 and 2015 have been hospitalized due to gastrointestinal bleeding in Al Zahra Hospital, were selected and demographic and clinical information and day and time of endoscopy and hospital mortality and fewer deaths than a month after discharge were studied, and prognosis was analyzed in terms of day and time of endoscopy.

Results: Nine hundred and seventy-three cases (84.

Etiology and outcome in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: Study on 4747 patients in the central region of Iran.

Background And Aim: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a threatening condition leading to urgent hospitalization. This study aims to investigate etiology and outcome in UGIB patients in Iran.

Methods: Medical records of GIB patients admitted to Alzahra referral hospital (in Isfahan) during 2010-2015 were retrospectively reviewed for demographic data, comorbidities, history of smoking and taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), presenting symptoms, endoscopic findings, therapeutic endoscopy, blood products' infusion, surgical intervention, rebleeding, and mortality.

Prevalence of interleukin-28B single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes in patients with hepatitis C infection in Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Hepatitis C infection is one of the most common causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Due to limited efficacy and side-effects of treatment, identification of the determinants of response to treatment is an important issue. Nowadays, genotyping of interleukin (IL)-28B is one of the strongest tests used for prediction of sustained virological response.

A comparative study of one minute versus five seconds endoscopic biliary balloon dilation after small sphincterotomy in choleducolithiasis.

Background: Limited sphincterotomy and endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) is a low-risk method for the treatment of choleducolithiasis. Traditionally one minute ballooning time (BT) is applied; however, the effective BT is not clear. In this study, we compare five seconds and one minute ballooning time.

Multistrain probiotic and lactulose in the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

Background: Some evidence has shown benefits of probiotics in the management of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). We evaluated the efficacy of a multistrain probiotic compound, alone and in combination with lactulose, in the treatment of MHE.

Materials And Methods: This study has two parts.

The effects of multi-strain probiotic compound on symptoms and quality-of-life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Evidence has shown beneficial effects of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, there is still a lack of data in this regard. We evaluated the efficacy of a multi-strain probiotic compound on IBS symptoms and quality-of-life (QOL).

Materials And Methods: Adult IBS patients (n = 132) were randomized to receive a probiotic compound containing seven bacteria species including Lactobacillus strains, Bifidobacterium strains and Streptococcus thermophiles or similar placebo, twice daily after a meal for 14 consecutive days.

Premedication with sublingual or oral alprazolam in adults undergoing diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Background And Study Aim: Diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is uncomfortable for most patients. We determined the efficacy of alprazolam, administered orally or sublingually, as premedication for sedation during EGD.

Patients And Methods: Adult EGD candidates were randomly allocated to four groups (n = 55, each group) and received alprazolam (0.

The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on liver enzymes in patients referring with unexplained hypertransaminasemia.

Background: Evidence has shown an association of Helicobacter pylori infection with liver dysfunction and damage. We investigated if H. pylori eradication affects liver enzymes in patients referring with unexplained hypertransaminasemia.

Efficacy of double dose recombinant hepatitis B vaccination in chronic hepatitis C patients, compared to standard dose vaccination.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is a well-known, safe and effective way for protection against HBV infection; however, non-responders remain susceptible to infection with HBV. This is so important in patients with any kind of chronic liver disease, especially chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients in whom acute HBV infection may lead to decompensation of liver disease. Some of the studies have shown that immunogenicity of HBV vaccination is decreased in these patients.

Effect of a Probiotic and Metformin on Liver Aminotransferases in Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a clinicopathological entity that is being recognized more frequently in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Metformin, with and without a probiotic supplement on liver aminotransferases in patients with NASH.

Methods: Sixty four patients 18-75 years with NASH confirmed by biopsy and histological assessment were enrolled to study.

The association of non-O blood group and severity of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection.

Background: The progression rate of liver fibrosis is variable among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It is affected by environmental and genetic factors. We determined the association between ABO blood groups and the severity of liver fibrosis in HCV patients.

The effects of multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized placebo-controlled triple-blind study.

Background: Evidence has shown benefits of single-strain probiotics for Helicobacter pylori eradication. We investigated the effects of adding a multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for H. pylori infection.

Serologic celiac disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: There is an association of celiac disease (CD) with several gastrointestinal illnesses. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CD in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to evaluate the value of the routine serological tests for CD in these patients.

Materials And Methods: patients with IBD underwent screening test for CD.