Assessing the role of the for-profit private healthcare sector in malaria elimination efforts in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study of challenges and opportunities.

Background: Among 13 endemic districts, the Chittagong Hill Tracts bear more than 90% of Bangladesh's malaria burden. Despite the private sector's prominence in rural healthcare, its role in malaria management remains underutilized. This study aimed to strategize leveraging the for-profit private sector, such as diagnostic and treatment centers, to bolster national malaria surveillance and control, advancing Bangladesh toward malaria elimination by 2030.

Stability and performance analysis of storage root yield in a dataset of sweet potato varieties ( L.).

The dataset focuses on evaluating the performance of 17 sweet potato varieties (G) released by the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) in terms of storage root yield and stability across five locations (E) in Bangladesh-Gazipur, Bogura, Jamalpur, Jashore, and Chattogram. The result revealed that BARI Mistialu-12 exhibited the highest average storage root yield at 45.35 t/ha, closely followed by BARI Mistialu-16 at 44.

Genetic characterization and linkage analysis of spotted leaf 6,liguleless and lax panicle traits in mutant rice.

Phenotypic mutants are valuable resources for elucidating the function of genes responsible for their expression. This study examined mutant rice strains expressing three traits: spotted leaf 6 (), lax panicle (), and liguleless (). In the mutant, the phenotype was a genetically programmed lesion-mimicking mutation (LMM) that displayed spontaneously scattered spots across the leaf surface.

Characterization of Plant-Derived Natural Inhibitors of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 as Potential Antidiabetic Agents: A Computational Study.

Diabetes, characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, poses significant health and economic risks, correlating with complications like cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and blindness. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), also referred to as T-cell activation antigen CD26 (EC 3.4.

Assessment of the salt tolerance of diverse bread wheat ( L.) genotypes during the early growth stage under hydroponic culture conditions.

Objectives: Soil salinity affects the growth of crop plants, leading to reduced productivity, and is a major challenge for wheat production worldwide. Various adaptations and mitigation approaches in combination with tolerant wheat genotypes can be useful for the sustainability of crop production in saline environments. However, the development of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes is one of the best and most efficient solutions for obtaining desirable yields.

Adherence to Anti-Malarial Treatment in Malaria Endemic Areas of Bangladesh.

Ensuring adherence to antimalarial treatment is crucial for achieving a radical cure and elimination of malaria, especially in hard-to-reach areas. We conducted this study to assess the current scenario of drug adherence in four endemic sub-districts of Bangladesh. Among 110 enrolled participants, 70% were mono-infected with and the remaining 30% with .

Identification of medicinal plant-based phytochemicals as a potential inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M) using molecular docking and deep learning methods.

Highly transmissive and rapidly evolving Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), triggered a global pandemic, which is one of the most researched viruses in the academia. Effective drugs to treat people with COVID-19 have yet to be developed to reduce mortality and transmission. Studies on the SARS-CoV-2 virus identified that its main protease (M) might be a potential therapeutic target for drug development, as this enzyme plays a key role in viral replication.

Genetic analysis of a DROOPING LEAF mutant allele dl-6 associated with a twisted and folded leaf base caused by a deficiency in midrib development in rice.

The failure of midrib formation in rice leaf blades results in the drooping leaf (dl) phenotype. A normal DROOPING LEAF (DL) gene is necessary for leaf homeotic transformation, which affects midrib and pistil development. Genetic analysis was performed on a new drooping leaf (dl) mutant named dl-6 in rice.

Analysis of gyrobianisotropic media effect on the input impedance, field distribution and mutual coupling of a printed dipole antenna.

In this paper, we present an analytical study for the investigation of the effects of the magnetoelectric elements of a reciprocal and nonreciprocal bianisotropic grounded substrate on the input impedance, resonant length of a dipole antenna as well as on the mutual coupling between two element printed dipole array in three configuration geometries: broadside, collinear and echelon printed on the same material. This study examines also the effect of the considered bianisotropic medium on the electric and magnetic field distributions that has been less addressed in the literature for antenna structures. Computations are based on the numerical resolution, using the spectral method of moments, of the integral equation developed through the mathematical derivation of the appropriate spectral Green's functions of the studied dipole configuration.

Stomatal development and genetic expression in L.

Stomata are turgor-driven microscopic epidermal valves of land plants. The controlled opening and closing of the valves are essential for regulating the gas exchange and minimizing the water loss and eventually regulating the internal temperatures. Stomata are also a major site of pathogen/microbe entry and plant defense system.

Rice Lesion Mimic Mutants (LMM): The Current Understanding of Genetic Mutations in the Failure of ROS Scavenging during Lesion Formation.

Rice lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) form spontaneous lesions on the leaves during vegetative growth without pathogenic infections. The rice LMM group includes various mutants, including mutants, mutants, mutants, and other lesion-phenotypic mutants. These LMM mutants exhibit a common phenotype of lesions on the leaves linked to chloroplast destruction caused by the eruption of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the photosynthesis process.

Implementing radical cure diagnostics for malaria: user perspectives on G6PD testing in Bangladesh.

Background: The radical cure of Plasmodium vivax requires treatment with an 8-aminoquinoline drug, such as primaquine and tafenoquine, to eradicate liver hypnozoite stages, which can reactivate to cause relapsing infections. Safe treatment regimens require prior screening of patients for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency to avoid potential life-threatening drug induced haemolysis. Testing is rarely available in malaria endemic countries, but will be needed to support routine use of radical cure.

Community-based antibiotic access and use in six low-income and middle-income countries: a mixed-method approach.

Background: Antimicrobial misuse is common in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), and this practice is a driver of antibiotic resistance. We compared community-based antibiotic access and use practices across communities in LMICs to identify contextually specific targets for interventions to improve antibiotic use practices.

Methods: We did quantitative and qualitative assessments of antibiotic access and use in six LMICs across Africa (Mozambique, Ghana, and South Africa) and Asia (Bangladesh, Vietnam, and Thailand) over a 2·5-year study period (July 1, 2016-Dec 31, 2018).

Precarity at the Margins of Malaria Control in the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Bangladesh has achieved significant progress towards malaria elimination, although health service delivery for malaria remains challenging in remote forested areas such as the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT). The aim of this study was to investigate perceptions of malaria and its treatment among the local population to inform contextualized strategies for rolling out radical cure for in Bangladesh. The study comprised two sequential strands whereby the preliminary results of a qualitative strand informed the development of a structured survey questionnaire used in the quantitative strand.

What influences antibiotic sales in rural Bangladesh? A drug dispensers' perspective.

Background: Antibiotic resistance poses a great threat to global health, especially in low- and middle-income countries with a high infectious disease burden and limited resources. In spite of regulations, antibiotics are sold in many settings as non-prescription medicines, resulting in inappropriate use and resistance.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the current status of access and use of antibiotics in rural Bangladesh, by exploring the perspectives and sales practices of antibiotic drug dispensers.

Biochemical and histological alterations induced by the smoke of allethrin based mosquito coil on mice model.

Background: Mosquito coil (MC) emits insecticide upon burning which provides limited protection against lethal mosquito borne diseases. However, apart from killing the insect, toxicities associated with the inhalation of these insecticides poses severe health hazards. However, the use of MC is increasing day by day in third world countries in particular but, yet to receive enough attention of both policy maker and general public.

Molecular Dynamics Study of the Hydrophilic-to-Hydrophobic Switching in the Wettability of a Gold Surface Corrugated with Spherical Cavities.

This paper reports a large scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study of the wettability of a gold surface engraved with (hemi)spherical cavities. By increasing the depth of cavities, the contact angle (CA) of a water droplet on the surface was varied from a hydrophilic (69°) to a hydrophobic value (>109°). The nonmonotonic behavior of the CA vs the depth of the cavities was consistent with the Cassie-Baxter theory, as found in the experiment by Abdelsalam et al.

Association between intimate partner violence and child morbidity in South Asia.

Background: This study investigates the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and its impact on child morbidity in the south Asian region.

Methods: The analysis uses logistic regression models with cross sectional nationally representative data from three countries - Bangladesh, India and Nepal. The data have been pooled from 'Demographic and Health Surveys' (DHS) of Bangladesh, Nepal and 'National Family and Health Survey' (NFHS) of India.

Density functional theory study on the cross-linking of mussel adhesive proteins.

The water-resistant adhesion of mussel adhesive proteins (MAPs) to a wet surface requires a cross-linking step, where the catecholic ligands of MAPs coordinate to various transition-metal ions. Fe(III), among the range of metal ions, induces particularly strong cross-linking. The molecular details underlying this cross-linking mediated by transition-metal ions are largely unknown.

Clinical aspects and outcomes of 70 patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a single-center experience in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To report the experience with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection at a single center in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Cases of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV occurring from October 1, 2012 to May 31, 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Information sources included medical files, infection control outbreak investigations, and the preventive medicine database of MERS-CoV-infected patients.

Role of polyphosphate kinase gene (ppk) for survival of Vibrio cholerae O1 in surface water of Bangladesh.

Polyphosphate provides a substitute for ATP and energy source when phosphorus is a limiting resource in nature. The present study focuses on the role ofpolyphosphate for the survival of Vibrio cholerae in the aquatic habitats as an autochthonous bacterium. The survival advantages of polyphosphate of V.

Monte Carlo study on the self-assembly of nanoparticles into a nanorod structure.

It is well known that semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) can assemble into a range of low dimensional structures, such as nanowires, nanorods and nanosheets. In this study, we investigate the self-assembly of CdTe NPs by using Monte Carlo simulation. Using a simple model for the anisotropic interaction of NPs, the present Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated that NPs with large dipole moments assemble spontaneously into a nanorod even if the short range interactions among NPs is isotropic.

A family cluster of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus infections related to a likely unrecognized asymptomatic or mild case.

Background: Ninety confirmed cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been reported to the World Health Organization. We report the details of a second family cluster of MERS-CoV infections from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: We present the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological details of 3 patients from a family cluster of MERS-CoV infections.

A linear parametric approach for analysis of mouse respiratory impedance.

Assessment of the lung mechanics is crucial in lung function studies. Commonly lung mechanics is achieved through measurement of the input impedance of the lung where the experimental data is ideal for the application of system identification techniques. This study proposes a new approach for investigating the severity of lung conditions and also evaluating the treatment progression.