Importance of Using Angiography for the Early Detection of Chronic Limb Ischemia in Diabetic Foot Wounds.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects millions of people worldwide, presenting with varying symptom severity, including chronic total occlusion of arteries, and occasionally, limb amputation. There are various interventions, such as atherectomy and the use of drug-coated balloons and stents, which have been developed to revascularize affected ischemic regions. However, each interventional approach must be individualized due to a patient's unique underlying conditions.

GLP-1/GIP Agonist as an Intriguing and Ultimate Remedy for Combating Alzheimer's Disease through its Supporting DPP4 Inhibitors: A Review.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurological illness in the elderly, which impacted about 50 million people globally in 2020. Type 2 diabetes has been identified as a risk factor. Insulin and incretins are substances that have various impacts on neurodegenerative processes.

A Peculiar Case of Rapidly Recurring Metastasis of Malignant Non-small Cell Primary Lung Carcinoma to the Heart.

We report the case of a 64-year-old adult male with a rapidly recurring metastatic lung carcinoma in the right atrium of the heart. Advanced-stage lung carcinomas can metastasize to other organs such as the heart, bones, brain, liver, adrenal glands, and lymphatic system, although actual rates of metastasis to the heart are relatively quite low. This patient was diagnosed with a right atrial mass that was determined through pathology to be a result of an existing non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Association between high-sensitive cardiac troponin level and coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: Previous studies suggest a link between high-sensitive cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) levels and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the nature of this relationship is disputed. To address this, we conducted a study to gather and assess evidence on the association between hs-cTn and CAD prediction.

FORWARD Study of GORE VIABAHN Balloon-Expandable Endoprostheses and Bare Metal Stents in the United States, European Union, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand When Placed to Treat Complex Iliac Occlusive Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Superiority Trial.

Background: The recommendations for the use of and selection of covered stent grafts in patients with aortoiliac occlusive disease are limited.

Objective: The GORE VBX FORWARD clinical study aims to demonstrate the superiority of the GORE VIABAHN VBX Balloon Expandable Endoprosthesis (VBX device) for primary patency when compared to bare metal stenting (BMS) for the treatment of complex iliac artery occlusive disease.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter, randomized control study in the United States, European Union, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand will enroll patients with symptomatic, complex iliac artery occlusive disease.

Primary results of the SAVAL randomized trial of a paclitaxel-eluting nitinol stent versus percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in infrapopliteal arteries.

Background: Effective and durable options for infrapopliteal artery revascularization for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) are limited.

Methods: The SAVAL trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial of patients with CLTI and infrapopliteal artery lesions with total lesion length ⩽ 140 mm, stenosis ⩾ 70%, and Rutherford category 4-5 assigned 2:1 to treatment with the SAVAL self-expandable paclitaxel drug-eluting stent (DES) or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with an uncoated balloon. The primary effectiveness endpoint was primary vessel patency (i.

Association between elevated CHA2DS2-VASC score and contrast-induced nephropathy among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Promising results with the CHADS-VASc risk score (CVRS) have been reported for the prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). The aim of this study is to consolidate all the data available and examine the association between elevated CVRS and the incidence of CIN in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for abstracts and full-text articles from inception to May 2022.

Covaxin-Induced Lymphocytic Myocarditis.

We report the case of a young adult male with endomyocardial biopsy-proven lymphocytic myocarditis following Covaxin administration. Covaxin differs from the mRNA vaccines in that it is an inactivated virus developed using the whole virion inactivated using the Vero cell platform. We successfully managed the patient with complete resolution of symptoms.

Efficacy of Mechanical Circulatory Support Used Before Versus After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock From ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Optimal timing to initiate mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) remains unclear with studies showing conflicting results on whether to start before or after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This study aims to examine the association between mortality and MCS initiated before vs after PPCI in patients with STEMI complicated by CS.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for abstracts and full-text articles from inception to October 2021.

Transradial versus Transfemoral Access and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Propensity-Score-Matched Studies.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the association between vascular access sites and the incidence of AKI in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI.

Background: Emerging evidence has suggested that transradial access (TRA) may be associated with lower rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) as compared with transfemoral access (TFA). However, most of these studies have included a nonselected study population undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

A Novel Technique Debulking Vegetations in Tricuspid Endocarditis and Venacava Utilizing AngioVac Aspiration System.

The AngioVac system (AngioDynamics Inc., Latham, NY) is used for the removal of commonly encountered intravascular material, such as thrombus or vegetations in the right atrium, right ventricle, superior vena cava, and inferior vena cava. Patients with high surgical risk having tricuspid endocarditis and superior vena cava thrombus can be treated with the AngioVac system, hence mitigating the risks for this patient population.

Massive haemoptysis following recurrent ST-elevation myocardial infarction due to undiagnosed granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare small-vessel vasculitis associated with high mortality without appropriate treatment. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has been reported as an atypical presentation of GPA. We report a case of STEMI, shortly followed by subacute in-stent thrombosis with extensive thrombus burden in a 53-year-old male patient with undiagnosed GPA.

A Case of Pericardial Decompression Syndrome Following Surgical Pericardial Fluid Drainage.

Pericardial decompression syndrome (PDS) is a rare and serious complication that follows often-initially-uncomplicated pericardial drainage in patients with pericardial effusion and tamponade physiology. The pathophysiology of PDS is not yet completely understood, although several mechanisms have been postulated. In this report, we present a case of PDS in a 70-year-old male with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after he underwent a surgical pericardial window for drainage of a moderate pericardial effusion with tamponade physiology.

1-Year Results From the RANGER II SFA Randomized Trial of the Ranger Drug-Coated Balloon.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Ranger drug-coated balloon (DCB) (paclitaxel dose density 2 μg/mm) for treating superficial femoral artery or proximal popliteal artery lesions.

Background: Paclitaxel-coated balloon treatment prevents reinterventions, but dose and coating characteristics differ among balloons and necessitate discrete confirmation of safety and effectiveness.

Methods: Patients with symptomatic lower limb ischemia (Rutherford classification 2 to 4) were randomized 3:1 to treatment with the Ranger DCB or standard percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).

Atypical Presentation of Fatal Disease: Painless Aortic Dissection.

Aortic dissections (ADs) are uncommon but they are highly lethal. Due to atypical signs and symptoms, diagnosis of type B AD can be easily missed or delayed. Our patient presented to the emergency center with dizziness and fall for which he was evaluated and treated for hypertension.

A Fractured Inferior Vena Cava Strut Migrating to the Right Ventricle Without Any Cardiovascular Complaint: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

The use of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) as one of the last resorts for pulmonary embolism prevention has expanded over the decades. The migration of a broken strut to the right ventricle is a very unusual complication that, when present, has been associated with life-threatening events. We report a case of a 34-year-old female with an inferior vena cava (IVC) strut that migrated and was incidentally found embedded in the right ventricle without any cardiovascular signs or symptoms.

A practical guide to cardiovascular 3D printing in clinical practice: Overview and examples.

The advent of more advanced 3D image processing, reconstruction, and a variety of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies using different materials has made rapid and fairly affordable anatomically accurate models much more achievable. These models show great promise in facilitating procedural and surgical planning for complex congenital and structural heart disease. Refinements in 3D printing technology lend itself to advanced applications in the fields of bio-printing, hemodynamic modeling, and implantable devices.

Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation: Present Status and Evolving Future.

Due to recurrent right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) dysfunction, patients with complex congenital heart disease of the RVOT traditionally require multiple surgical interventions during their lifetimes. Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) has been developed as a nonsurgical alternative for the treatment of right ventricular to pulmonary artery stenosis or pulmonary regurgitation. PPVI has been shown to be a safe and effective procedure in patients with dysfunctional surgical RVOT conduits.

Soybean peroxidase-catalyzed removal of an aromatic thiol, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, from water.

This paper demonstrates, for the first time, the capability of soybean peroxidase (SBP), an enzyme, for catalyzing the removal of an aromatic thiol, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), from aqueous solution. The optimum pH for enzymatic conversion of MBT in aqueous buffer was found to be in the range 6.0 to 9.

First experience with rotational angiography of the right ventricle to guide ventricular tachycardia ablation.

Background: Rotational angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction (3DRA) is a new imaging tool recently introduced to guide mapping and ablation of the left atrium.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of 3DRA for imaging the ventricles and guiding ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation.

Methods: Using the Philips Allura Xper FD10 system, 3DRA was performed in eight patients referred for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) VT ablation.