Preservation of thoracic kyphosis is critical to maintain lumbar lordosis in the surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Restoration of the sagittal alignment is one of the fundamental goals in scoliosis correction surgery. Having an increase in popularity of segmental spinal instrumentation, thoracic kyphosis (TK) is often sacrificed to achieve frontal and axial plane correction. Patients with a Lenke type 1 deformity underwent selective thoracic fusion (lowest instrumented vertebra of T12 or L1) using corrective segmental spinal instrumentation (Hook-Rod) and were followed up for 2 years.

Results of Milwaukee and Boston braces with or without metal marker around pads in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

Bracing is the non-operative treatment of choice for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and careful application of pads on apical segment of curve is very important for correction. Control of pads` appropriate site in brace is not easy by clinical evaluation. Therefore, we decided to compare results of braces which for better control of pads by radiographs, metal marker inserted around pads with those without metal marker.

The prevalence of distal junctional kyphosis following posterior instrumentation and arthrodesis for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) is a radiographic finding in patients that undergo spinal instrumentation and fusion, since there is an abrupt transition between fixed and mobile spinal segments.The true incidence of DJK is variable in literature and seems that has a multifactorial etiology. A consecutive series of 130 patients (mean age 15.