Anti-inflammatory Effects of Valproic Acid in a Rat Model of Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Alteration in Cytokine Profile.

Valporic acid (VPA) has been implicated to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities in several ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury models. This study intended to evaluate whether VPA could affect the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines balance and severity of renal I/R injury in rat. I/R injury was induced in two groups of animals, vehicle normal saline and VPA-treated (IP injection, 150 mg/kg) rats, by 45 min occlusion of both left and right renal arteries followed by 3, 24 and 120 h reperfusion in separate groups.

Effect of Time Lapse on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Detection of Vertical Root Fractures.

Accurate and early diagnosis of vertical root fractures (VRFs) is imperative to prevent extensive bone loss and unnecessary endodontic and prosthodontic treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of time lapse on the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for VRFs in endodontically treated dog's teeth. Forty-eight incisors and premolars of three adult male dogs underwent root canal therapy.