Talus bone: normal anatomy, anatomical variations and clinical correlations.

Talus is a pivotal bone that assists in easy and correct locomotion and transfers body weight from the shin to the foot. Despite its small size, it is implicated in many clinical disorders. Familiarity with the anatomy of the talus and its anatomical variations is essential for the diagnosis of any disorder related to these variations.

Facile, Efficient, and Cheap Electrode based on SnO/Activated Carbon Waste for Supercapacitor and Capacitive Deionization Applications.

Activated carbon granules present in our household filters used in water purification are significant waste. Activated carbon waste (ACW) was ground to a fine powder, then impregnation of SnO on ACW was performed under mild conditions followed by calcination of SnO-ACW at 700 °C for 2 h, producing a SnO-ACW hybrid composite. This hybrid composite material was used in the preparation of electrodes for supercapacitor and capacitive deionization applications.

A critical analysis of deficiencies in the quality of information contained in prostate multiparametric MRI requests and reports.

Background: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has been increasingly recognised as an important tool in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. PI-RADSv2 guidelines recommend that important clinical information including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, examination findings, and biopsy information should be included in mpMRI requests. PIRADS score and PSA density (PSAD) are both independent predictors for the presence of a clinically significant prostate cancer.

Facile Synthesis of Poly(DMAEMA-co-MPS)-coated Porous Silica Nanocarriers as Dual-targeting Drug Delivery Platform: Experimental and Biological Investigations.

Inorganic structures with functionalized polymers play essential roles in diverse biological trends. Herein, thermal and CO2 dual-stimuli nanomaterials composed of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) anchored with two grafted copolymers: poly(3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane) "PMPS" & poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) "PDMAEMA" were synthesized via one-step reaction and characterized by BET as well as BJH methods to estimate pore sizes, pore volumes, and surface areas. The smart PDMAEMA acted as an active gatekeeper to adjust the loading or in vitro release processes of a fungicidal drug-loaded inside the mesopores by altering temperature or CO2 of the tested environment.

Pathophysiology, Mechanism, and Outcome of Ischemic Stroke in Cancer Patients.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the risk factors, biomarkers of stroke, mechanism, and outcomes of cerebral infarction among cancerous diseases.

Materials & Methods: 156 patients presented by acute ischemic stroke were divided into two groups: the first group included 78 ischemic stroke patients associated with different types of cancer and the second group (control group) included 78 ischemic stroke patients not associated with cancer. Both groups were compared regarding the risk factors, previous thrombotic activity, subtypes, biomarkers of stroke, and outcomes.

Engineered borate ester conjugated protein-polymer nanoconjugates for pH-responsive drug delivery.

To improve the clinical efficiency of cytotoxic anticancer drugs e.g. doxorubicin (DOX), reduce the severe off-target side effects, and allow the more biocompatible and biodegradable drug penetration into tumor cells, our research efforts developed a new DOX-conjugated protein polymer nanoconjugates (PPNCs) prodrugs delivery system.

The construction of thiol-functionalized DNAsomes with small molecules response and protein release.

In this work, a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) polymer (PNIPAAm) was prepared via the photoinduced reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using Ru(bpy)Cl·6HO as photoinitiator. The design and spontaneous assembly of thiol-functionalized DNA-Thiol/PNIPAAm polymeric capsule (DNAsomes) by water-in-oil Pickering emulsion method and effective response with small molecules (Sybr green and phenanthrene) were described. The intermediate product, DNA-Thiol/PNIPAAm conjugates and DNAsomes were characterized by using H NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), SEM, TEM and UV-vis methods.

A facile approach for the reduction of 4‑nitrophenol and degradation of congo red using gold nanoparticles or laccase decorated hybrid inorganic nanoparticles/polymer-biomacromolecules vesicles.

Catalytic reduction of toxic 4‑nitrophenol to 4‑aminophenol and dye wastewater treatment over rapid, convenient gold nanoparticles or laccase decorated hybrid vesicles catalysts has attracted much attention. In current work, a stable building block was designed with inorganic gold nanoparticles and nano-conjugates; and a hybrid giant vesicles (AuNPs@vesicles) was self-assembled by using Pickering emulsion method. The vesicles were characterized by SEM, TEM, UV-vis and DLS measurements.

Multifunctional and Programmable Modulated Interface Reactions on Proteinosomes.

A multiresponsive microcapsule has been synthesized by incorporating photoswitchable spiropyran units and the thermoresponsive monomer N-isopropylacrylamide into membrane lumens. By using functionalized light or thermoresponsive groups, this multifunctional microcapsule can modulate programmed release and interface reactions between lipase and fluorescein diacetate, alkaline phosphatase and fluorescein diphosphate, and others. Exposing this multifunctional microcapsule in a programmed controlled way allowed us to develop schematics to understand complicated interface interactions on protocells.

Gold modified polydopamine coated mesoporous silica nano-structures for synergetic chemo-photothermal effect.

Near infrared (NIR) responsive agents have attracted a great attention in nanomedicine due to their efficient photothermal effect (PTE) and eco-friendly nature. In our study, a novel kind of nanostructure were developed based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) loaded doxorubicin(DOX) core and polydopamine-gold nanoparticles shell (PDA-AuNPs), the system was designed for combined chemo and photothermal therapy into one system. The designed nanostructure were thoroughly characterized to confirm their structure and to ensure their efficiency as cargo delivery system (DDS).

Synthesis and evaluation of water soluble pH sensitive poly (vinyl alcohol)-doxorubicin conjugates.

The accuracy of spatiotemporal control cargo delivery and release are primordial to enhance the therapeutic efficiency and decrease the undesirable effects, in this context a novel prodrug were developed based on biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) substrate. PVA was conjugated to doxorubicin (PVA-DOX) via an acid-labile hydrazone linkage. PVA was first functionalized with acidic groups, then reacted with hydrazine hydrate to form an amide bond.

Interictal electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes in patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Partial and generalized seizures often affect autonomic functions during seizures, and interictal and postictal periods. We investigated possible interictal electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS), together with evaluating any structural heart changes by echocardiography in these patients in comparison with healthy controls. We studied 120 definite GTCS patients (76 males and 44 females) who are neither diabetic nor under any medical treatment, and 60 healthy controls with a mean age of 25.

Preparation of Some Eco-friendly Corrosion Inhibitors Having Antibacterial Activity from Sea Food Waste.

Chitosan is one of the important biopolymers and it is extracted from exoskeletons of crustaceans in sea food waste. It is a suitable eco-friendly carbon steel corrosion inhibitor in acid media; the deacetylation degree of prepared chitosan is more than 85.16 %, and the molecular weight average is 109 kDa.

Clinical and biochemical aspirin resistance in patients with recurrent cerebral ischemia.

Background And Aim: Stroke recurrence is an important public health concern. One half of survivors remain disabled, and one seventh requires institutional care. Aspirin remains the cornerstone of primary and secondary stroke prevention; meanwhile, aspirin resistance is one of the possible causes of stroke recurrence.

Can we put a simplified algorithm for reconstruction of large scalp defects following tumor resection?

Background: Reconstruction of large scalp defects after tumor resection is a challenging problem. We aimed at putting an algorithm for reconstruction of those defects.

Methods: Forty-two patients with scalp malignancies were enrolled in this study.

Single level cervical arthroplasty with the Discocerv prosthesis: a preliminary report.

The authors conducted a prospective nonrandomised study about a new cervical disc prosthesis: the Discocerv Cervidisc Evolution. Fourteen patients (10 men and 4 women) were treated at a single mobile level, between July 2006 and November 2008. Their mean age was 40.

Neurophysiologic changes in live related kidney transplant children and adolescents.

Uremic neuropathy is one of the most debilitating symptoms associated with end stage renal disease. In adults the only potential cure for uremic neuropathy is renal transplantation. No studies have investigated the neurophysiologic abnormalities among pediatric renal transplant recipients.