Predicting Epidural Hematoma Expansion in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Machine Learning Approach.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, with epidural hematoma (EDH) being a severe consequence. This study focuses on identifying factors predicting EDH volume changes in TBI patients and developing a machine learning (ML) model to predict EDH expansion.

Methods: The study includes patients with traumatic EDH between 2019 and 2021.

Flow diverting stent monotherapy as the best choice in the treatment of intracranial blood blister-like aneurysms: a systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of flow-diverting stent (FDS) monotherapy in the treatment of intracranial blood blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) through a detailed systematic review.

Methods: This review adheres to the PRISMA guidelines, focusing on studies utilizing FDS monotherapy for BBAs, spanning from July 2010 to November 2023. A systematic search across databases including Embase, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted.

Traumatic middle meningeal artery aneurysm: a case report.

Introduction: Traumatic intracranial aneurysms are rare, making up about 1% of all intracranial aneurysms. They can happen due to direct injury or blunt force, with the middle cerebral artery being the most frequent site. The middle meningeal artery (MMA) is the main artery that supplies the cranial dura mater, and, because of its location, is susceptible to damage after trauma.

Patient with a history of Glanzmann thrombasthenia presented with chronic subdural hematoma: a case report study.

Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare platelet disorder characterized by qualitative/quantitative deficiencies of the platelets' fibrinogen receptor, glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa complex, resulting in impaired platelet aggregation and increased bleeding time. Most cases are hereditary with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance, but acquired GT also occurs. We report the surgical management of symptomatic chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), a rare condition in young individuals, in a 37-year-old man who had GT and a history of mild head trauma approximately one month before admission.

Functional Outcome and Mortality Predictors in Patients with Cerebral Ischemic Infarction After Decompressive Craniectomy: Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: Surgeons commonly perform Decompressive craniectomy (DC) to manage patients with cerebral ischemic infarction. However, there are conflicting data on the long-term functional outcomes following DC. Therefore, this study aims to determine the functional outcome of patients with cerebral ischemic infarction after DC.

Effects of Intraventricular Vancomycin Administration on the Prevention of Ventricular Shunt Infection.

Introduction And Objectives: Shunt infection causes death in many patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus and increases the duration of hospitalization and treatment costs. A high percentage of children are forced to undergo re-surgery due to shunt dysfunction or infection. The present study aimed to investigate the role of intraventricular (IVT) vancomycin in the prevention of ventricular shunt infection in children with hydrocephalus who were referred to Akbar Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, between the years 2017 and 2021.

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in the treatment of thromboembolic events related to endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms-systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Thromboembolism complication is considered the most common complication associated with the treatment of endovascular. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the studies investigating the effect of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor agents on thromboembolic complications during endovascular aneurysm coiling.

Materials And Methods: This systematic review investigated the outcome of the use of three glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor agents (ie abciximab, tirofiban, and eptifibatide) on the thromboembolic complications during endovascular aneurysm coiling.

Maternal and zygotic activin signaling promotes adequate pattern and differentiation of mesoderm through regulation of pluripotency genes during zebrafish development.

To investigate the role of maternal Activin-like factors in the preservation of stemness and mesendoderm induction, their effects were promoted and inhibited using synthetic human Activin A or SB-505124 treatments, respectively, before the maternal to zygotic transition (MZT). To study the role of zygotic Activin-like factors, SB-505124 treatment was also used after the MZT. Promoting the signaling intensity of maternal Activin-like factors led to premature differentiation, loss of stemness, and no mesendoderm malformation, while its alleviation delayed the differentiation and caused various malformations.

The effect of Activin pathway modulation on the expression of both pluripotency and differentiation markers during early zebrafish development compared with other vertebrates.

Activin-like factors control many developmental processes, including pluripotency maintenance and differentiation. Although Activin-like factors' action in mesendoderm induction has been demonstrated in zebrafish, their involvement in preserving the stemness remains unknown. To investigate the role of maternal Activin-like factors, their effects were promoted or blocked using synthetic human Activin A or SB-431542 treatments respectively until the maternal to zygotic transition.

A Study on the Psychometric Properties of Revised-nonverbal Pain Scale and Original-nonverbal Pain Scale in Iranian Nonverbal-ventilated Patients.

Background And Aims: The nonverbal pain scale is one of the instruments which study pain in nonverbal-ventilated patients with regard to the changes of behavioral and physiological indices. The purpose of the study is to survey the psychometric properties of revised-nonverbal pain scale (R-NVPS) and original-nonverbal pain scale (O-NVPS) in ventilated patients hospitalized in critical care units.

Materials And Methods: Four nurses studied pain in sixty patients hospitalized in trauma, medical, neurology, and surgical critical care units using R-NVPS and O-NVPS at six times (before, during, and after nociceptive and nonnociceptive procedures).

Effects of pulsatile perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass on biochemical markers and kidney function in patients undergoing cardiac surgeries.

For several years there is no conclusive guideline on the effectiveness of pulsatile or non-pulsatile perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients undergoing cardiac surgeries. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pulsatile versus continuous perfusion on the myocardial release of the cardiac biochemical markers including, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), cardiac creatine kinase (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and also kidney function tests including: blood urea nitrogen test (BUN) and creatinine test (Cr) in patients that underwent both pulsatile and non-pulsatile methods before and after heart surgeries. A total of 80 patients were enrolled in this study, 40 patients in each pulsatile and non-pulsatile group.

Rupture of a giant cardiac hydatid cyst in the left ventricular free wall: successful surgical management of a rare entity.

Hydatid cyst of heart is a rare but potentially fatal site of pathology, especially left ventricular free wall. We managed a successful surgical treatment on a case of a 24 year old man who had a giant cardiac hydatid cyst (71 x 64 mm) that ruptured left ventricular free wall. The cyst was excised gently and all the cystic materials were removed, the cyst cavity was closed with GORE-TEX soft tissue patch.

A proposed new method for electroencephalography trace recording in children younger than two years: an observational study.

Epilepsy is a common disorder in pediatric neurology, and electroencephalography (EEG) continues to play an important role in its diagnosis. However, the small size of a child's head and immaturity of the brain make EEG interpretation more difficult in children than in adults. This article presents a new method of EEG recording for children younger than 2 years designed to improve recording accuracy in children with small heads.

Effect of staged preconditioning on biochemical markers in the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

The present study has investigated the effectiveness of staged-preconditioning, in both remote and target organs. After IP the myocardial release of the biochemical markers including, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), cardiac creatine kinase (CK-MB), cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated in patients who underwent CABG, with and without staged-preconditioning. Sixty-one patients entered the study; there were 32 patients in the staged-preconditioning group and 29 patients in the control group.