The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma in Northern Iran.

Colonization of the human stomach with Helicobacter pylori induces chronic gastritis and is associated with the development of gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastric carcinoma, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Infection with an H. pylori strain containing the cytotoxin-associated (cagA) gene (a marker for a pathogenicity island) may increase the risk of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer.

Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori vacA genotypes in Iranian patients with peptic ulcer disease.

Helicobacter pylori is the major cause of active chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers in humans and has been linked to gastric carcinoma and lymphoma. The vacuolating cytotoxin vacA and cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI) are two identified virulence factors that are considered to have an important role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori infection.

Helicobacter pylori cagA status and peptic ulcer disease in Iran.

Helicobacter pylori contributes to the development of peptic ulcers and atrophic gastritis. Furthermore, H. pylori strains carrying the cagA gene are more virulent than cagA -negative strains and are associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma.