Left Ventricular Strain Rate for Intraoperative Evaluation of Cardiac Diastolic Function by Transesophageal Echocardiography: The Correlation Between Late Diastolic Peak Longitudinal Strain Rate and the Severity of Diastolic Dysfunction.

Objectives: Speckle-tracking echocardiography is a promising tool for evaluating cardiac diastolic dysfunction. A correlation between left atrial strain rate during atrial contraction and the severity of diastolic dysfunction previously has been demonstrated. Because visualization of the left atrial walls is difficult with transesophageal echocardiography, the authors evaluated the use of left ventricular strain rate during atrial contraction as a substitute for left atrial strain rate to intraoperatively measure the extent of cardiac diastolic dysfunction.

Cerebral Emboli Monitoring Using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography in Adults and Children: A Review of the Current Technology and Clinical Applications in the Perioperative and Intensive Care Setting.

Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is the only noninvasive bedside technology for the detection and monitoring of cerebral embolism. TCD may identify patients at risk of acute and chronic neurologic injury from gaseous or solid emboli. Importantly, a window of opportunity for intervention-to eliminate the source of the emboli and thereby prevent subsequent development of a clinical or subclinical stroke-may be identified using TCD.

Identification of work accommodations and interventions associated with work productivity in adults with migraine: A scoping review.

Objective: To identify factors associated with work productivity in adults with migraine, and accommodations or interventions to improve productivity or the workplace environment for them.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review by searching MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Heath Literature, and Web of Science from their inception to 14 October 2019 for studies of any design that assessed workplace productivity in adults with migraine.

Results: We included 26 articles describing 24 studies after screening 4139 records.

Targeting the gut to prevent sepsis from a cutaneous burn.

Severe burn injury induces gut barrier dysfunction and subsequently a profound systemic inflammatory response. In the present study, we examined the role of the small intestinal brush border enzyme, intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), in preserving gut barrier function and preventing systemic inflammation after burn wound infection in mice. Mice were subjected to a 30% total body surface area dorsal burn with or without intradermal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Speckle- Tracking Echocardiography for the Staging of Diastolic Dysfunction: The Correlation Between Strain-Based Indices and the Severity of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction.

Objectives: Left ventricular diastolic function can be assessed by various methods. Tissue Doppler imaging is among the most commonly used techniques. However, this imaging is angle- dependent, affected by loading conditions, and susceptible to myocardial tethering.

Modifications to the PREEMPT Protocol for OnabotulinumtoxinA Injections for Chronic Migraine in Clinical Practice.

Objective: To assess the PREEMPT protocol modifications that have developed in clinical practice over time.

Background: The United States Food and Drug Administration approved the 155-unit fixed-dose, fixed-site PREEMPT protocol of onabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) injections for migraine prevention 9 years ago.

Methods: This is an anonymous survey with free text response options of Headache Medicine clinicians.

Bipolar hemiarthroplasty versus total hip arthroplasty in allograft-prosthesis composite reconstruction of the proximal femur following primary bone tumour resection.

Aims: The consensus is that bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) in allograft-prosthesis composite (APC) reconstruction of the proximal femur following primary tumour resection provides more stability than total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, no comparative study has been performed. In this study, we have compared the outcome and complication rates of these two methods.

Intraoperative Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenosis by 2D Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography: The Correlation Between Peak Strain Rate During Early Diastole and the Severity of Coronary Artery Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Objectives: The effects of inhalation anesthetics on cardiac function and the low correlation between transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic measurements may alter the ability of transesophageal echocardiography-derived strain rate during early diastole to detect coronary artery stenosis in anesthetized patients. The authors assessed the correlation between coronary artery stenosis and strain-based parameters during early diastole in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Anesthetic Management of a Patient with a Giant Pericardial Cyst Compressing the Right Atrium.

Pericardial cysts are rare mediastinal cysts composed of a single fluid-filled mesothelial layer and can be congenital in origin or develop secondary to pericarditis, trauma, or infection. Although most pericardial cysts are asymptomatic, life-threatening complications can occasionally occur. We report on a 57-year-old man with an asymptomatic 9 cm pericardial cyst that was incidentally found as an abnormal cardiac silhouette on routine chest radiography.

Application of 99mTc-UBI 29-41 scintigraphy in knee periprosthetic infection diagnosis.

Aim:  In recent years, the use of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is considered a safe and cost-effective orthopedic procedure for alleviating the chronic pain and treatment of progressive osteoarthritis. This procedure may have some complications including periprosthetic infection as the most serious and aseptic loosening as the most common one. Differentiating between these entities is important because each has a different therapeutic approach.

The Best Option in Treatment of Modified Mason Type III Radial Head Fractures: Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Versus Radial Head Excision.

Background: Radial head fractures commonly occur during elbow traumas. Among those, treatment of Mason type III fractures is still under controversy. Common treatment methods for these fractures include open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) as well as radial head excision.

Intraoperative assessment of left-ventricular diastolic function by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography: relationship between pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and peak longitudinal strain rate during isovolumetric relaxation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Objectives: Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography has advantages over tissue Doppler imaging during isovolumetric relaxation for predicting left-ventricular end-diastolic pressure in non-surgical patients. Considering the direct and indirect effects of general anesthesia on hemodynamics, we examined correlations between strain-based indices during isovolumetric relaxation and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in anesthetized patients. Moreover, we determined applicable cut-off values for strain-based indices to predict pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≥15 mmHg intraoperatively.

Ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in the investigation of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is reveled to be the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome, estimating for 90% of all compressive. The diagnosis of CTS is based on the use of clinical criteria and imaging technique tests such as ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). US is a time-saving method in the diagnosis of CTS, which induces less discomfort to the patient and may be a more cost-effective approach to confirm clinical suspicion of this syndrome .

Anaesthetic management of a patient with a unique combination of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis and stiff-person syndrome.

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis are rare paraneoplastic syndromes caused by antibodies that target the central nervous system. Here, we describe a 26-year-old woman who presented with psychosis, amnesia, rigidity and fever. After extensive diagnostic and laboratory workup, she was diagnosed with an ovarian teratoma which was causing the symptoms of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and SPS.

Diagnostic value of 99mTc-ubiquicidin scintigraphy in differentiation between osteomyelitis and bone tumors.

Aim: The differentiation of osteomyelitis from bone tumors is of great importance in clinical decision-making; however, the features of both osteomyelitis and bone tumors are noncontributory. Tc-ubiquicidin scintigraphy is a new promising method with the ability to specifically localize the infection site by bacterial cell membrane binding. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of this radiopeptide for the differentiation of these two entities.

Nitric oxide mediates effects of acute, not chronic, naltrexone on LPS-induced hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic rats.

Recent studies suggest endogenous opioids and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in the pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). In this study, the interaction between the opioid receptor antagonist and NO was investigated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HE in cirrhotic rats. Male rats were divided in the sham- and bile duct ligation (BDL)-operated groups.

Inhibition of the gut enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase may explain how aspartame promotes glucose intolerance and obesity in mice.

Diet soda consumption has not been associated with tangible weight loss. Aspartame (ASP) commonly substitutes sugar and one of its breakdown products is phenylalanine (PHE), a known inhibitor of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), a gut enzyme shown to prevent metabolic syndrome in mice. We hypothesized that ASP consumption might contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome based on PHE's inhibition of endogenous IAP.

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase decreases intraperitoneal adhesion formation.

Background: Damage to the peritoneum initiates an inflammatory response leading to the formation of adhesions, which subsequently cause significant morbidity in some patients. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is a gut enzyme capable of detoxifying various inflammatory mediators such as lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid, CpG DNA, and adenosine triphosphate. In this study, we aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of IAP on postoperative adhesions in mice.

Evaluation of Clinical Results and Complications of Structural Allograft Reconstruction after Bone Tumor Surgery.

Background: Massive bone allograft is an option in cases of limb preservation and reconstruction after massive benign and malignant bone tumor resection. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcome of these procedures at Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.

Methods: In this study, 113 cases have been presented.

Dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis impairs spatial recognition memory in mice: roles of N-methyl D-aspartate receptors and nitric oxide.

Rationale: Many peripheral diseases are associated with a decline in cognitive function. In this regard, there have been reports of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and an otherwise unexplained memory impairment.

Objectives: We sought to assess the memory performance of mice with colitis.

The etiologies of low back pain in patients with lumbar disk herniation.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common complaint in population that lowers the quality of life. The main etiology of LBP is recognized in about 20% of patients while it is attributed to lumbar disk herniation (LDH) in 80% of cases and causes some unnecessary lumbar surgeries without realizing the definite cause.

Objectives: This study was planned to evaluate the etiologies of LBP in patients who had LDH to clarify whether the disc herniation is the main cause of patients` pain or other diseases were responsible for this kind of pain.

Stroke modifies drug consumption in opium addicts: role of the insula.

Introduction: Addiction imposes a large medical, social and economic burden on societies. Currently, there is no effective treatment for addiction. Our struggle to decipher the different mechanisms involved in addiction requires a proper understanding of the brain regions which promote this devastating behavior.

NMDA receptors interact with the retrieval memory enhancing effect of pioglitazone in mice.

Purpose: The present study has been undertaken to investigate the possible involvement of the glutamatergic pathway in the beneficial effects of pioglitazone on consolidation and retrieval phases of memory.

Materials And Methods: The Y-maze task was used to assess short-term spatial recognition memory in animals. Scopolamine (1mg/kg, i.

Orthopedic lesions in tethered cord syndrome: the importance of early diagnosis and treatment on patient outcome.

Background: Many of the patients with tethered cord syndrome (TCS) are admitted because of neurological symptoms, while some are admitted because of their orthopedic, urologic, anorectal, and dermatologic manifestations. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of tethered cord syndrome on patient outcome.

Methods: Fourty-three patients who underwent surgery because of tethered cord syndrome from 2006 to 2010 were studied.