Among-population variation in drought responses is consistent across life stages but not between native and non-native ranges.

Understanding how widespread species adapt to variation in abiotic conditions across their ranges is fundamental to ecology. Insight may come from studying how among-population variation (APV) in the common garden corresponds with the environmental conditions of source populations. However, there are no such studies comparing native vs non-native populations across multiple life stages.

Occurrence, virulence, and resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolated from an integrated poultry company in Jordan.

Salmonella is considered one of the most common foodborne pathogens worldwide. The annual number of hospitalizations and deaths related to zoonotic salmonellosis, which is transmitted from animals to humans and infects poultry and meat, is expected to be significant. Hence, the primary aims of this research were to isolate and characterize Salmonella species obtained from an integrated poultry company and identify some virulence, and antimicrobial resistance, with a specific concern about colistin resistance genes.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of isolated from the chicken liver in relation to slaughterhouse conditions.

Avian pathogenic (APEC) has been identified as a sub-group of extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC). Recent studies indicate APEC as a potential foodborne zoonotic pathogen and a source or reservoir of human extraintestinal infections. The slaughtering and processing of poultry in low-income countries such as Jordan occurs in two distinct ways: in informal facilities known as Natafat and in formal slaughterhouses.

Multi-drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: Phenotypic and Genotypic Resistance Profiles and the Associated Risk Factors in Teaching Hospital in Jordan.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (ARGs), with a focus on colistin resistance in clinical A. baumannii, as well as the risk factors associated with A. baumannii infection in Jordanian patients.

Pathological and molecular study of kidneys in apparently healthy cattle and sheep with special reference to species in central and northern Jordan.

Background And Aim: Renal pathological conditions can cause significant economic losses for livestock owners. This study investigated and described the gross pathology and histopathology of lesions found in the kidneys of sheep and cattle, with particular attention to the presence of spp.

Materials And Methods: Three hundred and sixty kidneys from apparently healthy sheep and cattle (208 and 152, respectively) were collected from slaughterhouses in Jordan for gross and histopathological examinations, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and gene sequencing of spp.

Risk factors associated with mcr-1 colistin-resistance gene in Escherichia coli broiler samples in northern Jordan.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1, and to identify risk factors associated with mcr gene-mediated resistance.

Methods: In total, 385 cloacal samples were collected from 125 broiler farms and a questionnaire containing information about each farm was designed and filled.

Results: Most of the antibiotics used in the disk diffusion method were highly resistant in all samples, with tetracycline and penicillin showing 100% and 99.

Mapping of infection prevention and control education and training in some countries of the World Health Organization's Eastern Mediterranean Region: current situation and future needs.

Background: A strong understanding of infection prevention and control (IPC) procedures and comprehensive training among healthcare workers is essential for effective IPC programs. These elements play a crucial role in breaking the chain of nosocomial infections by preventing the transmission of resistant organisms to patients and staff members. This study mapped the components of IPC education and training across various member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) at national, academic, and healthcare institutional levels.

First report of mobile colistin resistance gene -1 in avian pathogenic isolated from turkeys in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Background And Aim: Colistin is used to treat avian pathogenic (APEC), a microorganism that affects turkey meat production in the Gaza Strip and worldwide. However, the recent emergence of plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance () genes in pathogenic strains is a serious antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenge for both human and animal health. In December 2018, colistin was banned as a veterinary antimicrobial in the Gaza Strip.

Novel spa type and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis in Jordan.

Staphylococcu aureus is the most prevalent microorganism associated with mastitis in cattle. This study was designed to determine the spa types of Staph. aureus and to assess the resistance genes profile of isolated strains in dairy farms in Jordan.

Automated Monkeypox Skin Lesion Detection Using Deep Learning and Transfer Learning Techniques.

The current outbreak of monkeypox (mpox) has become a major public health concern because of the quick spread of this disease across multiple countries. Early detection and diagnosis of mpox is crucial for effective treatment and management. Considering this, the purpose of this research was to detect and validate the best performing model for detecting mpox using deep learning approaches and classification models.

First molecular characterization of capsule expression and antibiotic susceptibility profile of isolates from bovine mastitis in Jordan.

Background And Aim: Bovine mastitis has long been considered the most important cause of economic losses in the dairy industry. is the most frequently isolated pathogen from bovine mastitis cases worldwide. Capsular polysaccharides (CPs) of serotype 5 (CP5) or serotype 8 (CP8) are the most prevalent capsule genotypes related to infections associated with in humans.

Homoisoflavonoids from the bulbs of Bellevalia longipes and an assessment of their potential cytotoxic activity.

Seven undescribed homoisoflavonoids were identified from the bulbs of Bellevalia longipes Post (Asparagaceae) as well as thirteen known and one natural homoisoflavonoid that had been reported as a synthetic product previously. A general approach for recognizing homoisoflavonoids via NMR spectroscopy data were presented. The undescribed compounds were: 8-dehydroxy-5-O-demethyl-6-hydroxyscillapersicone, 6-methoxyscillapersicone, 5-O-demethyl-6-methoxyscillapersicone, 8-O-methylscillapersicone, 4'-O-methylscillapersicone, 4',8-O,O-dimethylscillapersicone, 3'-O-methylscillapersicone, and 3-hydroxy-desmethylophiopogonanone A.

Emergence of mcr-1 gene and carbapenemase-encoding genes among colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in Jordan.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat that requires serious attention, particularly when it is developed against colistin, which is considered one of the 'last-resort' antibiotics for curing an infection. This study aimed to investigate the AMR profile of the Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae clinical isolates and to obtain the comprehensive characteristics of the carbapenemases among the carbapenem-resistant K.

Acquisition and evolution of enhanced mutualism-an underappreciated mechanism for invasive success?

Soil biota can determine plant invasiveness, yet biogeographical comparisons of microbial community composition and function across ranges are rare. We compared interactions between Conyza canadensis, a global plant invader, and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in 17 plant populations in each native and non-native range spanning similar climate and soil fertility gradients. We then grew seedlings in the greenhouse inoculated with AM fungi from the native range.

UPLC-HRESI-MS and GC-MS analysis of the leaves of .

The alkaloid-rich fraction obtained by fractionation of the crude methanolic extract of the leaves of wild tobacco tree Graham (Solanaceae) was analyzed using UPLC-MS and GC-MS. Anabasine, a piperidine alkaloid, was identified as the major constituent with approximately 60 % (/) of the alkaloid-rich fraction. In addition to anabasine, six secondary metabolites were identified using high-resolution UPLC-MS.

Assessment of Immune Response and Efficacy of Essential Oils Application on Controlling Necrotic Enteritis Induced by in Broiler Chickens.

Necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by is one of the most important enteric diseases in poultry. The antibacterial activity of two different essential oil (EO) blends against was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, the immunological response to EO treatment was assessed.

CCR2 Deficiency Impairs Ly6C and Ly6C Monocyte Responses in Infection.

, the causative agent of scrub typhus, is a neglected, obligate intracellular bacterium that has a prominent tropism for monocytes and macrophages. Complications often involve the lung, where interstitial pneumonia is a typical finding. The severity of scrub typhus in humans has been linked to altered plasma concentrations of chemokines which are known to act as chemoattractants for myeloid cells.

Seroprevalence and risk factors of West Nile virus infection in veterinarians and horses in Northern Palestine.

Background And Aim: West Nile fever (WNF) is a neurotropic, mosquito-borne disease affecting humans and domesticated animals, caused by a member of the genus . Over the last decades, this virus has been responsible for several cases of illness in humans and animals. The current epidemiological status of WNF in horses is insufficient, and in veterinarians, as an occupational hazard is unknown.

Phenethyisoquinoline alkaloids from the leaves of Androcymbium palaestinum.

Thirteen compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Androcymbium palaestinum Baker (Colchicaceae). Of these, three were new, two were new natural products, and eight were known. The new isolated compounds were (+)-1-demethylandrocine (5), (-)-andropalaestine (8), and (+)-2-demethyl-β-lumicolchicone (10), while the new natural products were (+)-O-methylkreysigine-N-oxide (3) and (+)-O,O-dimethylautumnaline (9).

Identification of risk factors associated with antimicrobial resistance in equine fecal Escherichia coli isolates.

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global problem that will need a multinational collaborative effort to overcome this serious challenge. The aim of the study is to investigate the potential risk factors associated with the prevalence and distribution of antimicrobial-resistance genes (ARGs) of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from equine fecal samples. One hundred and eighteen horses from different geographical locations and management systems were enrolled in the study and a questionnaire containing information about each individual horse was designed and filled.

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Leptospira serovar Pomona and Leptospira serovar Hardjo infection in dairy cows in Jordan.

Introduction: This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo infection in dairy cows.

Methodology: Seroprevalence was determined using ELISA using 160 healthy and 80 recently aborted cows. Risk factor assessment was carried out using a pre-validated questionnaire.

An overview of colistin resistance, mobilized colistin resistance genes dissemination, global responses, and the alternatives to colistin: A review.

Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, is an antimicrobial agent that is effective against a variety of Gram-negative bacilli, especially the Enterobacteriaceae family. Recently, the wide dissemination of colistin-resistance has brought strong attention to the scientific society because of its importance as the last resort for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections and its possible horizontal transmission. The mobilized colistin resistance () gene was identified as the gene responsible for unique colistin resistance.

Potential antimicrobial effect of plant essential oils and virulence genes expression in methicillin-resistant isolates.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of eight commercially available essential oil (EO) blends and characterize the effect on the expression of some virulence genes against methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Materials And Methods: evaluation of the antimicrobial effects of oils against MRSA was performed using the disk diffusion method and by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The EOs (A-F) were contained (β-pinene, carvacrol, carvone, dimethyl trisulfide, linalool, limonene, menthol, monoterpene hydrocarbons, and thymol) in different amounts.

Cytotoxic homoisoflavonoids from the bulbs of Bellevalia flexuosa.

Four new homoisoflavonoids, 7-O-methyl-8-demethoxy-3'-hydroxy-3,9-dihydropunctatin (4), 6-hydroxy-8-demethoxy-4'-O-methyl-3,9-dihydropunctatin (8), 7,4'-O-dimethyl-8-demethoxy-3,3'-dihydroxy-3,9-dihydropunctatin (13), and 7-O-methyl-3-hyroxy-3,9-dihydropunctatin (14) were identified from a chloroform extract of the bulbs of Bellevalia flexuosa, along with 13 known analogues. The structures were determined by analysis of HRMS and NMR data, while ECD spectroscopy enabled the assignment of the absolute configurations of the new compounds 4, 8, 13 and 16. The cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds (1-17) were evaluated using a panel of human cancer cell lines.