Investigation of Radiolabeling Efficacy by Enhancement of the Chemical form of no Carrier Added Lu Isolated by Electro Amalgamation Process.

Background: Due to the suitable nuclear decay characteristics, Lu is an attractive radionuclide for various therapeutic applications. The non-carrier added form ofLu has drawn much attention because of its high specific activity needed in radiolabeling studies. There have been several separation methods for NCALu production.

Novel Yb-Poly (L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres for Transarterial Radioembolization of Unrespectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Novel biodegradable Poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) microspheres containing ytterbium were designed for intra-tumoral radiotherapy, especially for radioembolization. Yb possess both therapeutic beta and diagnostic gamma radiations. In this work, a process of making ready radiomicrospheres Yb (acac)-loaded PLLA for more consideration has been investigated.

Lu/Sm-Ethylenediamine Tetramethylene Phosphonic Acid Cocktail: A Novel Palliative Treatment for Patients with Bone Metastases.

Production of effective, low-cost, and efficient radiopharmaceuticals is an important task and requires further research and clinical studies. In this clinical trial, safety and efficacy of Lu/Sm-ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMP) cocktail has been evaluated for pain relief of bone metastases. Twenty-five patients with the mean age of 55.

Highly Stable 177Lu-Organic Framework as a Potential Agent for Treatment of Metastatic Bone.

In this paper, the metal organic framework (MOF) concept is contributed to rearrange the bone-seeking agent composed of carrier-free lutetium-177 (Lu-177), 1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraaminomethylenephosphonate (DOTMP) and cupper (II) (Cu (II)) for preparation of a potential agent for treatment of bone metastases. The product was characterized (infra-red spectroscopy, IR, and X-ray diffraction analysis) and quality-controlled (radio-thin layer chromatography, (RTLC)). The stability and in vitro hydroxyapatite binding was checked up to 1.

Preparation and evaluation of Re sulfide colloidal nanoparticles loaded biodegradable poly (L-lactic acid) microspheres for radioembolization therapy.

Radioembolization with radioactive microspheres has been an effective method for the treatment of liver lesions. The aim of this study was to prepare carrier-free Re loaded poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) microspheres through Re sulfide colloidal nanoparticles ( Re-SC nanoparticles). The formation of Re-SC nanoparticles was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry.

Absorbed doses in humans from Re-Rituximab in the free form and bound to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: Biodistribution study in mice.

Absorbed doses to human organs from Re-Rituximab in the free form and bound to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were predicted from results of the radiopharmaceutical biodistribution studies in mice by the RADAR method. Overall, equivalent and effective doses to human organs from the radiopharmaceutical on the nanoparticles were higher because of the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Liver, spleen and kidneys received higher equivalent doses than other organs (5.

Preparation and evaluation of APTES-PEG coated iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to rhenium-188 labeled rituximab.

Radioimmuno-conjugated (Rhenium-188 labeled Rituximab), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) coated iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and then characterized. Therapeutic effect and targeting efficacy of complex were evaluated in CD20 express B cell lines and tumor bearing Balb/c mice respectively. To reach these purposes, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized using coprecipitation method and then their surface was treated with APTES for increasing retention time of SPIONs in blood circulation and amine group creation.

Production and quality control 177Lu (NCA)-DOTMP as a potential agent for bone pain palliation.

Skeletal uptake of radiolabeled-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetramethylene phosphoric acid (e.g., 177Lu-DOTMP) complex, is used for bone pain palliation.

Development of an electrochemical W/Re generator as a technique for separation and purification of Re in radiopharmaceutical applications.

In this study, a simple electrochemical procedure adaptable for using low specific activity W for separation and purification of Re from W to obtain no carrier added (NCA) Re is developed. The electrochemical parameters were optimized to maximize the Re electrodeposition yield with minimal W contamination. Two cycle electrolysis procedure was developed.

Neutronic and thermal-hydraulic analysis of fission molybdenum-99 production at Tehran Research Reactor using LEU plate targets.

Efficient and safe production of molybdenum-99 (Mo) radiopharmaceutical at Tehran Research Reactor (TRR) via fission of LEU targets is studied. Neutronic calculations are performed to evaluate produced Mo activity, core neutronic safety parameters and also the power deposition values in target plates during a 7 days irradiation interval. Thermal-hydraulic analysis has been also carried out to obtain thermal behavior of these plates.

Effect of low molecular weight organic acids on the uptake of Ra by corn (Zea mays L.) in a region of high natural radioactivity in Ramsar-Iran.

To study the benefit of including citric and oxalic acid treatments for phytoremediation of Ra contaminated soils a greenhouse experiment with corn was conducted. A soil was sampled from a region of high natural Ra radioactivity in Ramsar, Iran. After cultivation of corn seed and using organic acid treatments at 1, 10 and 100 mM concentrations, plants (shoots and roots) were harvested, digested and prepared to measure Ra activity.

Preliminary dosimetry of (166)Ho-propylene di-amino tetra (methy1enephosphonicacid) for human based on biodistribution data in rats.

Context: Nowadays, radionuclides with high β- particle energies such as (166)Ho are recommended for bone marrow ablation in patients with multiple myeloma. The addition of skeletal targeted radiotherapy to the patients can improve the response rate in phase I and II trials, with promising long-term survival data.

Aims: In this work, the absorbed dose to each organ of human for (166)Ho-propylene di-amino tetra methy1enephosphonicacid (PDTMP) was evaluated based on biodistribution studies in rats and was compared with (166)Ho-tetraazacyclododecane tetramethylene-phosphonate (DOTMP) as the only clinically used Ho-166 bone marrow ablative agent.

Study of Bone Surface Absorbed Dose in Treatment of Bone Metastases via Selected Radiopharmaceuticals: Using MCNP4C Code and Available Experimental Data.

Bone metastases are major clinical concern that can cause severe problems for patients. Currently, various beta emitters are used for bone pain palliation. This study, describes the process for absorbed dose prediction of selected bone surface and volume-seeking beta emitter radiopharmaceuticals such as (32)P, (89)SrCl2,(90)Y-EDTMP,(153)Sm-EDTMP, (166)Ho-DOTMP, (177)Lu-EDTMP,(186)Re-HEDP, and (188)Re-HEDP in human bone, using MCNP code.

Synthesis of a stabilized 177Lu-siRNA complex and evaluation of its stability and RNAi activity.

Purpose: Serum and intracellular instability limits the therapeutic applications of short interfering RNA (siRNA) as a radiopharmaceutical. Chemical modifications like phosphorothioate (PS) substitution and 2'-O-methoxy (2'-O-Me) modifications could eliminate such limitations. In this study, the effects of PS and 2'-O-Me modifications at the backbone of siRNA on serum stability and RNA interference activity were investigated.

Production, biodistribution assessment and dosimetric evaluation of (177)Lu-TTHMP as an agent for bone pain palliation.

Objectives: Recently, bone-avid radiopharmaceuticals have been shown to have potential benefits for the treatment of widespread bone metastases. Although (177)Lu-triethylene tetramine hexa methylene phosphonic acid (abbreviated as (177)Lu-TTHMP), as an agent for bone pain palliation, has been evaluated in previous studies, there are large discrepancies between the obtained results. In this study, production, quality control, biodistribution, and dose evaluation of (177)Lu-TTHMP have been investigated and compared with the previously reported data.

Preliminary dosimetric evaluation of (166)Ho-TTHMP for human based on biodistribution data in rats.

In this work, the absorbed dose to each organ of human for (166)Ho-TTHMP was evaluated based on biodistribution studies in rats by a RADAR method and was compared with (166)Ho-DOTMP as the only clinically used Ho-166 bone marrow ablative agent. The highest absorbed dose for this complex is observed in red marrow with 0.922mGy/MBq.

Development of (166)Holmium-1,2 Propylene Di-amino Tetra (Methy1enephosphonicacid) as a Possible Bone Palliation Agent.

(166)Holmium-1,2-propylene di-amino tetra (methy1enephosphonicacid) ((166) Ho-PDTMP) complex was prepared successfully using an in-house synthesized PDTMP ligand and (166) HoCl 3 . Ho-166 chloride was obtained by thermal neutron irradiation (1 × 10 (13) n/cm (2) /s) of natural Ho (NO 3 ) 3 samples (specific activity = 3-5 GBq/mg), dissolved in acidic media. Radiochemical purity of (166) Ho-PDTMP was checked by instant thin layer chromatography (>99%).

Production, quality control, biodistribution assessment and preliminary dose evaluation of (177)Lu-PDTMP as a possible bone palliative agent.

Objectives: In this study, production, quality control, and biodistribution studies of a newly developed therapeutic compound have been presented and are followed by dosimetric evaluation for use in humans based on biodistribution data in wild-type rats.

Materials And Methods: The Lu-1,2-propylene di-amino tetramethylenephosphonic acid (Lu-PDTMP) complex was prepared successfully using synthesized PDTMP ligand and LuCl3. LuCl3 was obtained by thermal neutron irradiation (4×10 n/cm/s) of enriched Lu2O3 samples.

Production, Quality Control and Biological Evaluation of (166)Ho-PDTMP as a Possible Bone Palliation Agent.

Objective(s): In this study, (166)Ho-1,2-propylene di-amino tetra(methy1enephosphonicAcid) ((166)Ho-PDTMP) complex was prepared as a bone palliation agent.

Materials And Methods: The complex was successfully prepared using an in-house synthesized EDTMP ligand and (166)HoCl3. Ho-166 chloride was obtained by thermal neutron irradiation (1 × 1013 n.

Development of (177)Lu-phytate Complex for Radiosynovectomy.

Objective(s): In this work a new possible agent for radiosynovectomy has been targeted for articular pain palliation.

Materials And Methods: Lu-177 of 2.6-3 GBq/mg specific activity was obtained by irradiation of natural Lu2O3 sample with thermal neutron flux of 4 × 10(13) n.

Optimization of 90 Y-antiCD20 preparation for radioimmunotherapy.

Context: The advent of monoclonal antibodies such as Rituximab, in recent years, has brought about decisive progress in the treatment of aggressive and indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Aims: A further tried and tested improvement to the unmodified antibody has been its coupling to the beta-emitters Y-90. The optimization of 90 Y-antiCD20 radioimmunoconjugate production and quality control methods for future clinical studies in the country was targeted in this work.

Demonstration of dose dependent cytotoxic activity in SW480 colon cancer cells by ¹⁷⁷Lu-labeled siRNA targeting IGF-1R.

Purpose: The radiolabeling of targeting biomolecules with gamma emitter radionuclides for tracing and beta emitters for therapy involves the conjugation of such biomolecules to the chelating agents to form complexes with the radionuclide of interest. In this study, radioconjugate of IGF-1R siRNA with lutetium-177 ((177)Lu) was produced, and the anti-proliferation and apoptosis effects elicited by this (177)Lu-siRNA complex in the SW480 colon cancer cells were evaluated.

Methods: IGF-1R and Luciferase siRNAs were conjugated with p-SCN-Bn-DTPA, and then radiolabeled with (177)Lu.

Evaluate of heavy metal concentration in shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) and crab (Portunus pelagicus) with INAA method.

The level of the heavy metal in green tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) and crab (Portunus pelagicus) caught off the Persian Gulf near Bushehr province were investigated. This study was performed to evaluate instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) to analyze heavy metal concentration in crab and shrimp whole body tissue. The order of the swimmer crab and shrimp heavy metal concentrations were Zn>Fe>As>Mn>Co and Fe>Zn>Mn>As>Co, respectively.

Low-energy conformers of pamidronate and their intramolecular hydrogen bonds: a DFT and QTAIM study.

Extensive DFT and ab initio calculations were performed to characterize the conformational space of pamidronate, a typical pharmaceutical for bone diseases. Mono-, di- and tri-protic states of molecule, relevant for physiological pH range, were investigated for both canonical and zwitterionic tautomers. Semiempirical PM6 method were used for prescreening of the single bond rotamers followed by geometry optimizations at the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) levels.