Innovative Percutaneous Quadricepsplasty for Knee Extension Contracture in Arthrogryposis: A Case Report.

Case: A 15-year-old male patient diagnosed with arthrogryposis presented with a left knee extension contracture. He underwent an innovative percutaneous quadricepsplasty performed arthroscopically. Subsequent to the procedure, the patient was enrolled in an aggressive physiotherapy program.

Biomechanical study of effect of tibial posteromedial defect depth and area on primary TKA implant stability.

Background: Medial tibial defects are common in patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty for varus deformity. Previous clinical studies have categorized tibial defects according to the depth of the defects and recommended different ways of addressing them. This study aimed to perform a biomechanical FE analysis to investigate the role of depth and surface area of the medial tibial plateau defects in the stability of the tibial component in primary TKA implants.

Vascular injury during lateral close-wedge distal femoral osteotomy: A case report and review of surgical principles.

Introduction: Knee malalignment can increase the risk of osteoarthritis. Osteotomies can correct limb deformities, but they come with the risk of complications such as cortical hinge fracture, hardware failure, pain syndrome, and infection. Vascular injury is rare, but it can lead to bleeding, limb ischemia, and swelling.

Black discoloration of the knee articular cartilage in a patient with pigmented villonodular synovitis: A case report.

In this case report, total knee arthroplasty was performed in a patient with pigmented villonodular synovitis. During surgery, severe black discoloration of the articular cartilage and menisci was observed in the patient. According to literatures, this is the first case report of severe articular cartilage pigmentation in a patient with pigmented villonodular synovitis.

Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Injection of Ceftazidime/Vancomycin Combination during Total Knee Replacement: Prevention of Periprosthetic Joint Infection.

The occurrence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) subsequent to total knee arthroplasty (TKA), also known as total knee replacement, is a highly detrimental complication. Some studies have concluded that intra-articular antibiotic injection was an effective approach to prevention of PJI, while others have reached the opposite conclusion. However, there is no study performed in one center, by one surgeon, one surgical team, or one type of prosthetic device.

Comparison of the Effect of Intra-Articular, Periarticular, and Combined Injection of Analgesic on Pain Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of 3 methods of intraoperative analgesic cocktail injection during total knee arthroplasty (TKA)-intra-articular (IA), periarticular (PA), and combined intra-articular and periarticular (IA+PA)-on controlling early postoperative pain.

Methods: This was a prospective double-blinded parallel randomized clinical trial. A total of 153 patients scheduled for TKA were allocated to IA, PA, or IA+PA (51 patients each) by block randomization.

Concomitant septic arthritis of the hip joint and femoral head avascular necrosis in patients with recent COVID-19 infection: a cautionary report.

Purpose: At present, concomitant avascular necrosis (AVN) of femoral head and septic arthritis (SA) as a sequel of COVID-19 infection has yet not been documented. By large-scale use of life-saving corticosteroids (CS) in COVID-19 cases, our aim is to warn of the occurrence of hip joint infection in these patients.

Methods: We report a series of five cases in which patients developed septic arthritis concomitant with AVN after being treated for COVID-19 infection.

Screening of Brain Tumors Using Functional Connectivity Patterns of Steady-State Visually Evoked Potentials.

The irregular growth and proliferation of cells in the brain and skull is named brain tumor, which is a special serious type of tumor due to its location. Nowadays, brain tumor is diagnosed by using imaging techniques such as computed tomography, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, infrared imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and functional MRI. However, these methods are not affordable to be used as screening tests.

A Fast Approximate Method for Predicting the Behavior of Auditory Nerve Fibers and the Evoked Compound Action Potential (ECAP) Signal.

Background: The goal of the current research is to develop a model based on computer simulations which describes both the behavior of the auditory nerve fibers and the cochlear implant system as a rehabilitation device.

Methods: The approximate method was proposed as a low error and fast tool for predicting the behavior of auditory nerve fibers as well as the evoked compound action potential (ECAP) signal. In accurate methods every fiber is simulated; whereas, in approximate method information related to the response of every fiber and its characteristics such as the activation threshold of cochlear fibers are saved and interpolated to predict the behavior of a set of nerve fibers.

Dosimetric effects of composition, location and size of tissue heterogeneities on Cf neutron brachytherapy.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of tissue heterogeneities on dose distribution in Californium-252(Cf) neutron brachytherapy. The effect of location and size of heterogeneity on dose distribution was also evaluated. Neutron and photon dose rate distributions were determined in a water phantom in presence of air, lung, soft tissue and bone heterogeneities using MCNPX code.

Psychological, Neurophysiological, and Mental Factors Associated With Gamma-Enhancing Neurofeedback Success.

Introduction: Regarding the neurofeedback training process, previous studies indicate that 10%-50% of subjects cannot gain control over their brain activity even after repeated training sessions. This study is conducted to overcome this problem by investigating inter-individual differences in neurofeedback learning to propose some predictors for the trainability of subjects.

Methods: Eight healthy female students took part in 8 (electroencephalography) EEG neurofeedback training sessions for enhancing EEG gamma power at the Oz channel.

An EEG channel selection method for motor imagery based brain-computer interface and neurofeedback using Granger causality.

Motor imagery (MI) brain-computer interface (BCI) and neurofeedback (NF) with electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are commonly used for motor function improvement in healthy subjects and to restore neurological functions in stroke patients. Generally, in order to decrease noisy and redundant information in unrelated EEG channels, channel selection methods are used which provide feasible BCI and NF implementations with better performances. Our assumption is that there are causal interactions between the channels of EEG signal in MI tasks that are repeated in different trials of a BCI and NF experiment.

Birjand longitudinal aging study (BLAS): the objectives, study protocol and design (wave I: baseline data gathering).

Objectives: The pace of population aging is growing rapidly around the world. Aging is associated with the emergence of different health status including geriatric syndrome such as frailty, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and dementia. These conditions are the most prominent challenges for health care systems and also elderly people.

The role of 217-Hz ELF magnetic fields emitted from GSM mobile phones on electrochemotherapy mechanisms.

Electrochemotherapy (ECT), the combination of electric pulses (EPs) and an anticancer drug, is a type of cancer treatment method. We investigated the effect of 217-Hz magnetic fields (MFs) similar to that generated by GSM900 mobile phones, as intervening factors, on proposed mechanisms of ECT including permeability, tumor hypoxia and immune system response. The 4T1 cells were exposed to extremely low-frequency (ELF)-MFs at 93, 120 or 159 µT intensities, generated by Helmholtz coils 10 min, and then put in individual groups, comprising no treatment, chemotherapy, EPs or ECT.

Determination of task group 43 dosimetric parameters for CSM40 Cs source for use in brachytherapy.

The CSM40 Cs source model is currently being used in clinical brachytherapy. According to the recommendations of task group No. 43 (TG-43) of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine, dosimetry parameters of brachytherapy sources should be determined by two independent investigators before their clinical use.

Effective Treatment of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Low Voltage High-Frequency Electrochemotherapy.

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new local treatment method for solid and superficial tumors. During this new technique, patients experience an unpleasant sensation and slight edema. Most unpleasant and painful is mainly attributed to muscle contractions provoked by high amplitude and low repetition frequency pulses.

Low-Complexity Discriminative Feature Selection From EEG Before and After Short-Term Memory Task.

A reliable and unobtrusive quantification of changes in cortical activity during short-term memory task can be used to evaluate the efficacy of interfaces and to provide real-time user-state information. In this article, we investigate changes in electroencephalogram signals in short-term memory with respect to the baseline activity. The electroencephalogram signals have been analyzed using 9 linear and nonlinear/dynamic measures.

Reliable emotion recognition system based on dynamic adaptive fusion of forehead biopotentials and physiological signals.

In this study, we proposed a new adaptive method for fusing multiple emotional modalities to improve the performance of the emotion recognition system. Three-channel forehead biosignals along with peripheral physiological measurements (blood volume pressure, skin conductance, and interbeat intervals) were utilized as emotional modalities. Six basic emotions, i.

Use of mobile phone during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion.

Background: Exposure to electromagnetic fields of cell phones increasingly occurs, but the potential influence on spontaneous abortion has not been thoroughly investigated.

Methods: In a case-control study, 292 women who had an unexplained spontaneous abortion at < 14 weeks gestation and 308 pregnant women > 14 weeks gestation were enrolled. Two data collection forms were completed; one was used to collect data about socioeconomic and obstetric characteristics, medical and reproductive history, and lifestyles.

Comparative efficacy trial of cupping and serkangabin versus conventional therapy of migraine headaches: A randomized, open-label, comparative efficacy trial.

Background: Migraine headaches are the most common acute and recurrent headaches. Current treatment of a migraine headache consists of multiple medications for control and prevention of recurrent attacks. Global emergence of alternative medicine led us to examine the efficacy of cupping therapy plus serkangabin syrup in the treatment of migraine headaches.

Low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to improve motor function and grip force of upper limbs of patients with hemiplegia.

Background: Stroke is the most common and debilitating neurological disorder among adults, and is a sudden onset of neurological signs caused by brain blood vessels impairments.

Objectives: Some new therapeutic methods focus on the use of magnetic stimulation to produce therapeutic effects by inducing the currents. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of rTMS plus routine rehabilitation on hand grip and wrist motor functions in patients with hemiplegia, and compare with pure routine rehabilitation programs.

Parametric study of irreversible electroporation with different needle electrodes: electrical and thermal analysis.

Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new tumour ablation method used in cancer treatment procedures. In a successful IRE treatment it is crucial to impose minimum thermal damage to the tumour and its surrounding healthy tissue, while subjecting the entire tumour to a strong electric field.

Method: Here we present a 3D model of a subcutaneous tumour in a four-layer skin using a geometry-based finite element approach.

Analysis of EEG signals related to artists and nonartists during visual perception, mental imagery, and rest using approximate entropy.

In this paper, differences between multichannel EEG signals of artists and nonartists were analyzed during visual perception and mental imagery of some paintings and at resting condition using approximate entropy (ApEn). It was found that ApEn is significantly higher for artists during the visual perception and the mental imagery in the frontal lobe, suggesting that artists process more information during these conditions. It was also observed that ApEn decreases for the two groups during the visual perception due to increasing mental load; however, their variation patterns are different.

Improvement of neurofeedback therapy for improved attention through facilitation of brain activity using local sinusoidal extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure.

Traditional neurofeedback (NF) is a training approach aimed at altering brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG) rhythms as feedback. In NF training, external factors such as the subjects' intelligence can have an effect. In contrast, a low-energy NF system (LENS) does not require conscious effort from the subject, which results in fewer attendance sessions.