The brain and systemic oxidative stress and memory changes induced by inhaled paraquat in rat improved by Crocus sativus.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Crocus sativus (Cs) on paraquat (PQ)-induced learning and memory deficits as well as brain and lung oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress in rats. Rats were exposed to saline (Ctrl) or PQ (PQ groups) aerosols. PQ groups were treated with 0.

Ferula latisecta gels for synthesis of zinc/silver binary nanoparticles: antibacterial effects against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and physicochemical characteristics.

This study explores the potential antibacterial applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) enhanced with silver (Ag) using plant gel (ZnO-AgO NPs). The problem addressed is the increasing prevalence of pathogenic bacteria and the need for new, effective antimicrobial agents. ZnO NPs possess distinctive physicochemical properties that enable them to selectively target bacterial cells.

Fabrication and characterization of gold nanoparticles using alginate: and assessment of its administration effects with swimming exercise on diabetic rats.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have unique features that might lead to the development of a new class of diabetic medicines. AuNPs were biosynthesized utilizing sodium-alginate. UV-Vis-spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive X-ray were used to examine the particles.

Improvement of inhaled paraquat induced lung and systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and memory changes by safranal.

The effects of safranal and pioglitazone alone and their combination on inhaled paraquat (PQ)-induced systemic oxidative stress and inflammation as well as behavioral changes were examined in rats. In this study, animals were exposed to saline (Ctrl) or PQ (PQ groups) aerosols. PQ exposed animals were treated with dexamethasone, 0.

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of selenium-chitosan-loaded salicylic acid nanoparticles for the removal of emerging contaminants from bacterial pathogens.

In this study salicylic acid loaded containing selenium nanoparticles was synthesized and called SA@CS-Se NPs. the chitosan was used as a natural stabilizer during the synthesis process. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to describe the physicochemical characteristics of the SA@CS-Se NPs.

Introns and Their Therapeutic Applications in Biomedical Researches.

Context: Although for a long time, it was thought that intervening sequences (introns) were junk DNA without any function, their critical roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in genome regulation have only recently come to light. Introns not only carry information for splicing, but they also play many supportive roles in gene regulation at different levels. They are supposed to function as useful tools in various biological processes, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

The effects of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles on physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant properties of plant ( L).

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONPs) are widely used in agriculture in order to increase the yield and growth characteristics of plants. This study investigated the effects of TiONPs on photosynthetic pigments and several biochemical activities and antioxidant enzymes of the plant. Different concentrations of nanoparticles (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm) at five levels were sprayed on plants on the 30th day of the experiment.

A Review of Drug Abuse, Misuse, and Related Laboratory Challenges.

Various definitions can be considered for drugs and substance abuse. According to the National Institute on Abuse, the use of an over-the-counter drug in a different way than that prescribed to experience or arouse emotion is a simple form of drug abuse. The World Health Organization (WHO) also defines drug abuse as the persistent or sporadic use of drugs that are incompatible or unrelated to acceptable medical practice.

Synthesis and its characterisation of selenium/silver/chitosan and cellular toxicity against liver carcinoma cells studies.

Liver cancer is one of the most common lethal malignancy in the world. To treat liver cancer, new cure options are crucial. The use of natural substances along nanosciences may provide healing with lower toxicity and a smaller amount of side properties.

Poly-γ-glutamic acid nanoparticles as adjuvant and antigen carrier system for cancer vaccination.

Vaccination is an innovative strategy for cancer treatment by leveraging various components of the patients' immunity to boost an anti-tumor immune response. Rationally designed nanoparticles are well suited to maximize cancer vaccination by the inclusion of immune stimulatory adjuvants. Also, nanoparticles might control the pharmacokinetics and destination of the immune potentiating compounds.

Recent advances in nanoparticle applications in respiratory disorders: a review.

Various nanoparticles are used in the discovery of new nanomedicine to overcome the shortages of conventional drugs. Therefore, this article presents a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the effects of nanoparticle-based drugs in the treatment of respiratory disorders, including both basic and clinical studies. Databases, including PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus, were searched until the end of August 2022 regarding the effect of nanoparticles on respiratory diseases.

Plant Gel-Mediated Synthesis of Gold-Coated Nanoceria Using : Characterization and Estimation of Its Cellular Toxicity toward Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

In this study, a novel method using gums as a capping agent was used to synthesize the nanoceria for the first time. The method was economical and performed at room temperature. Furthermore, it was coated with gold (Au/nanoceria) and fully characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential (ζ potential).

Icariin: A Promising Natural Product in Biomedicine and Tissue Engineering.

Among scaffolds used in tissue engineering, natural biomaterials such as plant-based materials show a crucial role in cellular function due to their biocompatibility and chemical indicators. Because of environmentally friendly behavior and safety, green methods are so important in designing scaffolds. A key bioactive flavonoid of the plant, Icariin (ICRN), has a broad range of applications in improving scaffolds as a constant and non-immunogenic material, and in stimulating the cell growth, differentiation of chondrocytes as well as differentiation of embryonic stem cells towards cardiomyocytes.

Biochemical responses as early and reliable biomarkers of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides intoxication: A systematic literature review.

Inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity has been long considered as the main diagnostic method of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides poisoning; however, it has been shown that ChE activity may also be altered due to exposure to other non-organophosphorus toxicants and variety of different medical conditions. Hence, to avoid misdiagnosis, we aimed to systematically review available documents to look for additional biomarkers of OP and carbamate poisoning. The electronic databases in addition to Google scholar were searched for eligible articles on March 2022 using "organophosphate," "carbamate," and "biomarker" including all their similar terms.

Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different Iranian populations of L.

The L. aerial parts was harvested from five different populations located in Golestan National Park, Iran. The phenolic content and antioxidant potencies of the ethanolic extracts were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods, respectively.

ZnO/CeO Nanocomposites: Metal-Organic Framework-Mediated Synthesis, Characterization, and Estimation of Cellular Toxicity toward Liver Cancer Cells.

The Zinc-doped cerium oxide nanocomposite (ZnO/CeO NC) was synthesized using a metal-organic framework as a precursor through the combustion method. It was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ξ-potential. The PXRD demonstrated the successful synthesis of ZnO/CeO NC with a crystallite size of 31.

Resveratrol-Mediated Gold-Nanoceria Synthesis as Green Nanomedicine for Phytotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: In the present study, resveratrol was used to prepare complexes of cerium and nanoceria, also coated with gold (CeO2@Au core-shells) to improve the surface interactions in physiological conditions.

Methods: The CeO2@Au core-shells were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and ζ potential.

Results: The experiment was led to the successful synthesis of nanosized CeO2@Au core-shells, although agglomeration of particles caused the distribution of the larger particles.

MOF-Mediated Synthesis of CuO/CeO Composite Nanoparticles: Characterization and Estimation of the Cellular Toxicity against Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7).

A copper oxide/cerium oxide nanocomposite (CuO/CeO, NC) was synthesized via a novel method using a metal-organic framework as a precursor. This nanomaterial was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering size analysis (DLS), and zeta potential. The PXRD showed the successful synthesis of the CuO/CeO NC, in which the 2theta values of 35.

Application of Response Surface Methodology for Optimizing the Therapeutic Activity of ZnO Nanoparticles Biosynthesized from .

In this study, the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using (A/ZnO-NPs) is described. These particles have been characterized by UV-Vis spectrum analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. To use this biosynthesized nanoparticle as an antiproliferative and antimicrobial agent, the IC value against the breast cancer cell line and inhibition zone against were used to optimize the effect of two processing factors including dose of filtrate fungi cell and temperature.

Bio-indicators in cadmium toxicity: Role of HSP27 and HSP70.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of proteins that are expressed by cells in reply to stressors. The changes in concentration of HSPs could be utilized as a bio-indicator of oxidative stress caused by heavy metal. Exposure to the different heavy metals may induce or reduce the expression of different HSPs.

Plant-Based Gums and Mucilages Applications in Pharmacology and Nanomedicine: A Review.

Gums are carbohydrate biomolecules that have the potential to bind water and form gels. Gums are regularly linked with proteins and minerals in their construction. Gums have several forms, such as mucilage gums, seed gums, exudate gums, etc.

Gum Tragacanth (GT): A Versatile Biocompatible Material beyond Borders.

The use of naturally occurring materials in biomedicine has been increasingly attracting the researchers' interest and, in this regard, gum tragacanth (GT) is recently showing great promise as a therapeutic substance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. As a polysaccharide, GT can be easily extracted from the stems and branches of various species of This anionic polymer is known to be a biodegradable, non-allergenic, non-toxic, and non-carcinogenic material. The stability against microbial, heat and acid degradation has made GT an attractive material not only in industrial settings (e.

Stem cell therapy in the heart: Biomaterials as a key route.

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the main concerns, nowadays causing a high rate of mortality in the world. The majority of conventional treatment protects the heart from failure progression. As a novel therapeutic way, Regenerative medicine in the heart includes cellular and noncellular approaches.

Comparative Study on the Biological Effects of Sodium Citrate-Based and Apigenin-Based Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles.

The apigenin is a bioactive flavonoid mostly found in fruits and vegetables that possess various biological activities. The current study was performed to compare the biological potentials of sodium citrate-based (SC-SNPs) and apigenin-based (AP-SNPs) synthesized silver nanoparticles under the and conditions. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were physically and chemically characterized.

Role of in the biosynthesis of AgNPs and their antibacterial properties.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been biosynthesised through the extracts of fruits, which served as the reducing agents and capping agents. Biosynthesised AgNPs have been found to be ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectra since they have displayed one surface plasmon resonance peak at 438 nm, attesting the formation of spherical NPs. These particles have been characterised by UV-vis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analysis.