Sex-specific associations of cigarettes and e-cigarettes use with self-reported premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among adults aged 18-54 in the United States.

Background: Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is increasing in young adults (<55 years old). While research suggests females who smoke cigarettes have a higher risk of ASCVD than males, studies on the impact of exclusive e-cigarette and dual use on premature ASCVD are limited. This study investigated the association between tobacco use and self-reported premature ASCVD and explored potential sex differences.

Cannabis Vaping Among US Adults With Disabilities: Findings From the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Objectives: Studies have demonstrated that people with disabilities are more likely to use cannabis than people without disabilities. However, less is known about novel forms of use, such as cannabis vaping, in this population. We examined the correlates of cannabis vaping among people with disabilities and the association between cannabis vaping and the frequency of cannabis use in any form.

Tobacco and Nicotine Products Adverse Health Events: Findings From the FDA Safety Reporting Portal.

Introduction: The FDA oversees regulatory aspects of all U.S. tobacco products.

Poor sleep duration and E-cigarette/Cigarette use among US adults with cardiovascular diseases: findings from the 2022 BRFSS cross-sectional study.

Background: Studies have explored the connections between tobacco use, sleep and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks in adults, but no study has examined the link between tobacco use and sleep among adults with CVDs. This study explores the association between tobacco use (cigarette only, e-cigarette only, and dual use) and poor sleep duration among adults with CVDs.

Methods: A sample of 47,180 US adults with CVDs (myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, or stroke) was drawn from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) cross-sectional survey.

Longitudinal examination of ENDS characteristics, flavors, and nicotine content for cigarette cessation: Findings from PATH waves 5-6.

Background: A subpopulation of adults who smoke cigarettes use electronic nicotine device systems (ENDS) for cigarette cessation. This study examined the relationship between ENDS flavors, device types, and nicotine concentration with past month cigarette abstinence among adults using ENDS for cigarette cessation.

Methods: We used the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (waves 5 and 6) to identify adults who self-reported using ENDS to quit cigarettes at baseline (wave 5) and investigated their cigarette abstinence at follow-up (wave 6) [n = 1252].

Uncontrolled vaping and restraint strategies: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Little is known about uncontrolled vaping, defined as vaping more than the user prefers. We sought to understand e-cigarette users' experiences with uncontrolled vaping and how they restrain their vaping.

Methods: Participants were 24 US adult e-cigarette users recruited in 2021.

Cigarettes and e-cigarettes use among US adults with multimorbidity.

Background: Tobacco use leads to multiple illnesses. Yet, the effects of different categories of tobacco use on multimorbidity remain understudied. We investigated the associations between tobacco use categories and multimorbidity and the potential moderating effects of age, sex, or race/ethnicity among adults in the United States.

Pregnancy-Related Complications During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected healthcare systems worldwide, with significant collateral damage to vulnerable populations, including the perinatal population. This study sought to compare pregnancy-related complications before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.

Methods: This retrospective data analysis was performed from February 20 to August 20, 2019 (prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic) and from February 20 to August 20, 2020 (during the pandemic), encompassing the initial wave of the pandemic and the subsequent lockdown.

Mother's milk-mother's gift: Mobile-based training to increase self-efficacy of nursing women during postpartum and puerperium: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months followed by continued breastfeeding with complementary food up to 2 years of age or beyond. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mobile -based education on the self-efficacy of lactating women in the postpartum period.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was carried out in 2018 in Shirvan, Iran among 69 postpartum women.

The relationship between chronic lung disease diagnosis and the susceptibility to e-cigarette use in adults: The mediation effects of psychosocial, cognitive influences, and the moderation effect of physiological factors.

Introduction: There is a paucity of studies on e-cigarette use among adults with chronic lung disease. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether psychosocial or cognitive factors elucidate the relationship between chronic lung disease (CLD) and susceptibility to e-cigarette use and whether the relationship between CLD and e-cigarette use is conditional on the presence of respiratory symptoms.

Methods: We recruited adults aged ≥18 years in Alabama with CLD from university medical clinics (n=140) and individuals without CLD (n=123 as a reference group).

COVID-19 and tobacco products use among US adults, 2021 National Health Interview Survey.

Background: Smoking and vaping are linked to lung inflammation and lowered immune response.

Objective: Examine the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, testing, symptoms, and vaccine uptake, and associations with tobacco product use.

Methods: Data came from the 2021 National Health Interview Survey.

Causal inference in tobacco research: a public health challenge.

Causal inference represents a rapidly expanding interdisciplinary subfield that involves various assumptions, study designs, and estimation strategies, allowing researchers to establish causal relationships from both clinical trials and observational data. In tobacco research, numerous studies address causal questions, including the contentious issue of whether vaping in nonsmoking youth leads to smoking initiation, known as the "gateway effect." Determining the effectiveness and safety of many health interventions will continue to rely on observational [mainly longitudinal] data because randomized trials are not always feasible, ethical, or timely.

Socioeconomic and environmental factors associated with waterpipe tobacco smoking among Iranian adults: a PERSIAN cohort-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is associated with several deleterious health outcomes. We sought to estimate the prevalence of WTS and explore socioeconomic inequalities associated with this culturally-rooted tobacco smoking practice among Iranian adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 20,460 adults (ages 18 and older) enrolled in the PERSIAN cohort study during 2020.

Optimising messages and images for e-cigarette warnings.

Background: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) to have a single addiction warning, but many other health harms are associated with vaping and warnings grow stale over time. We aimed to develop new warning messages and images to discourage e-cigarette use.

Methods: Participants were 1629 US adults who vaped or smoked.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Tobacco Use Patterns Among Adults in the United States: Exploring sex differences.

Objective: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which refer to childhood traumatic events, have been identified as risk factors for tobacco use in adulthood. However, studies are limited on the effect of sex on the association of ACEs with e-cigarettes and dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes. This study explored sex differences in the association of ACEs with e-cigarettes, cigarettes, and dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes among adults in the United States.

Longitudinal transitions in e-cigarette and cigarette use among US adults: prospective cohort study.

Background: To support tobacco control efforts, this study sought to characterize longitudinal transitions in use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and cigarettes.

Methods: Participants were nationally representative samples of 53,729 US adults from Waves 3-5 (2015-2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. We examined behavioral transitions (initiation, relapse, progression, and cessation) in ENDS and cigarette use across waves.

An increase in cesarean section rate during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on healthcare services is likely to affect birth outcomes including the delivery mode. However, recent evidence has been conflicting in this regard. The study aimed to assess changes to C-section rate during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.

Psychometric properties of Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire among Turkmen Nass (Naswar) users.

Background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) products are gaining popularity around the globe, particularly in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Among these products, Nass (aka Naswar) is popular among the Turkmen ethnicity in Iran. Although several studies reported nicotine dependence (ND) among SLT users, psychometric instruments have never been utilized to specifically measure ND among Nass users.