Intractable hyperemesis gravidarum in a patient with type 1 diabetes.

Hyperemesis gravidarum is not uncommon. Its pathogenies is multifactorial but not fully understood. We present a case of a middle class, Caucasian pregnant woman aged 24 years with coexisting type 1 diabetes, who had severe hyperemesis gravidarum from the sixth week of pregnancy and was resistant to all standard and off-the-label treatments raising questions about the pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum.

A tetralogy of fallot associated with a stenotic pulmonary valve and agenesis of the ductus arteriosus in a 13-week-old fetus: the role of postmortem examination.

Prenatal diagnosis at very early gestational age may disclose fetal anomalies, although this diagnosis is limited by lack of details on ultrasound (US) examination; hence, the importance of postmortem (PM) examination. We present a case of a 13-week-old fetus terminated as a result of significantly raised nuchal translucency, which additionally presented a tetralogy of Fallot with a stenotic pulmonary valve and agenesis of ductus arteriosus. These cardiac defects are not detected by US at this gestational age.