Effect of Shields in Radiation Dose and Secondary Biological Risk of Gonads in Lumbosacral Digital and Computerized Radiography.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of shields in imposed radiation dose to gonads in anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral views of lumbosacral radiography using digital radiography (DR) and computerized radiography (CR) methods.

Materials And Methods: Sixty patients who were suspected to AP and lateral view of lumbosacral radiography were included in this study. The patients were exposed with and without shields which have 0.

A novel design of high performance and robust ultra-low power SRAM cell based on memcapacitor.

The present paper proposes a six-FinFET two-memcapacitor (6T2MC) non-volatile static random-access memory (NVSRAM). In this design, the two memcapacitors are used as non-volatile memory elements. The proposed cell is flexible against data loss when turned off and offers significant improvement in read and write operations compared to previous NVSRAMs.

Improving the Security and Confidentiality in the Internet of Medical Things Based on Edge Computing Using Clustering.

Families, physicians, and hospital environments use remote patient monitoring (RPM) technologies to remotely monitor a patient's vital signs, reduce visit time, reduce hospital costs, and improve the quality of care. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is provided by applications that provide remote access to patient's physiological data. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) tools basically have a user interface, biosensor, and Internet connectivity.

Detection of nucleobases on borophene nanosheet: A DFT investigation.

In this paper, we present a computational study investigating the electronic properties of DNA nucleobases (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine) on χ borophene using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) and non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism.The adsorption energy, equilibrium distance, net charge of transfer, and density of states (DOSs) are obtained at different molecule orientations and selective positions.The most stable geometries of DNA molecules on χ borophene are also determined.

Lomustine Loaded Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Conjugated with Folic Acid for Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforma (GBM).

This study aimed to improve delivery of lomustine as a chemotherapeutic agent and to increase its uptake by U87-MG cancer cells via synthesizes LN-FA-PG-SPIONs (lomustine loaded polyglycerol coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with folic acid). Nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal decomposition method and characterized using TEM (transmission microscope), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer). Lomustine release from nanoparticles was determined by dialysis-bag diffusion technique.

An inter-comparison between accuracy of EGSnrc and MCNPX Monte Carlo codes in dosimetric characterization of intraoperative electron beam.

Background: Ionometric dosimetry in IOERT is a complicated process, due to the sophisticated beam setup and the necessity for dedicated protocols for ion chamber response correction. On the other hand, the Monte Carlo (MC) technique can easily overcome such limitations and be considered as an alternative dosimetry approach. This paper presents a comparative analysis of two widely used MC codes, EGSnrc and MCNPX, for intraoperative electron beam dosimetry.

All-optical Fredkin gate using photonic-crystal-based nonlinear cavities.

An all-optical Fredkin gate was proposed and designed. The Fredkin gate is a reversible logic gate. For designing the proposed structure we used three different optical nonlinear resonators.

Evaluation of the Lung Dose in Three-dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy of Left-Sided Breast Cancer: A Phantom Study.

Background: Three-dimensional 3D-CRT: conformal radiation therapy is a selective modality in many radiotherapy centers for the treatment of breast cancer. One of the most common side effects of this method is radiation lung injury. Considering such an injury, lung dose deserves to be studied in depth.

Evaluation of image quality and radiation dose in low tube voltage coronary computed tomography angiography.

Background: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is an important modality in diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Owing to the fact that computed tomography (CT) examinations are performed using ionizing radiation; applying radiation dose-reduction strategies seems to be necessary. Lowering tube voltage (in kV) according to the patient's body mass index (BMI) or weight is an approach that is investigated by many researchers.

Changes in lung volume parameters regarding the received dose in the lobes of the lungs after locoregional radiotherapy of breast cancer.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate ΔLVP and correlate them with MLD and V20 in the lobes of the lung.

Background: Radiation-induced lung injury after breast irradiation is controversial. The incidence of such an injury could have negative consequences on breast cancer patients.

Estimation of the Thyroid Secondary Cancer Risk on the Patient of Standard Breast External Beam Radiotherapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to estimate the secondary cancer risk of thyroid in standard radiotherapy methods which are commonly used for breast cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 64 breast cancer patients (their age range was around 50 years old) who referred to Seyed-Al-Shohada hospital (Isfahan, Iran) were included in this study. The radiotherapy of the mentioned patients was performed using 6-MV photon beams.

Radiobiological Evaluation of Three Common Clinical Radiotherapy Techniques Including Combined Photon-Electron, Tangential Beams and Electron Therapy in Left-Sided Mastectomy Patients.

Background: The aim of this study was radiobiological evaluation of different radiotherapy (RT) techniques, namely, combined photon-electron, two tangential photon beams, and electron therapy which are commonly used for treatment of mastectomy patients.

Materials And Methods: The mentioned techniques were planned on the computed tomography (CT) images of a chest phantom, using TiGRT treatment planning system (TPS). The TPS dose calculations were verified using Thermo Luminescence dosimeters (TLD) measurements.

Circular Mitochondrial DNA: A Geant4-DNA User Application for Evaluating Radiation-induced Damage in Circular Mitochondrial DNA.

Background: The aim of this study was to develop a nucleotide geometrical model of the circular mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) structure using Geant4-DNA toolkit to predict the radiation-induced damages such as single-strand breaks (SSB), double-strand breaks (DSB), and some other physical parameters.

Methods: Our model covers the organization of a circular human mt genetic system. The current model includes all 16,659 base pairs of human mt-DNA.

Comparison of Accuracy in Calculation of Absorbed Dose to Patients Following Bone Scan with (99m)Tc-Marked Diphosphonates by Two Different Background Correction Methods.

To improve the accuracy of the activity quantification and the image quality in scintigraphy, scatter correction is a vital procedure. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy in calculation of absorbed dose to patients following bone scan with (99m)Tc-marked diphosphonates ((99m)Tc-MDP) by two different methods of background correction in conjugate view method. This study involved 22 patients referring to the Nuclear Medicine Center of Shahid Chamran Hospital, Isfahan, Iran.

Non Invasive XRF Analysis of Human Hair for Health State Determination of Breast Tissue.

Background: Using hair samples to analyze the trace element concentrations is of interest among many researchers. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are the most common methods in studying the structure and concentration of elements of tissues and also crystalline materials, using low energy X-ray.

Objectives: In the present study, the detection ability of Wave Length X-ray Fluorescence (WLXRF) of breast cancer at early stages was evaluated and the results were compared with other routine modalities such as mammography.

Annexin V FITC conjugated as a radiation toxicity indicator in lymphocytes following radiation overexposure in radiotherapy programs.

Background: Following human radiation exposure in hospital or accidents, dose assessments are of prime importance in radiation accidents. These issues are of continuing importance with respect to socioeconomic policy relating to the industrial and medical uses of ionizing radiation, and also for risk assessment among people who are occupationally exposed to low and/or high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, such as astronauts, pilots, stewardesses, nuclear power plant workers, and victims of radiation accidents.

Materials And Methods: In this study, an assay for assessing radiation dose based on the induction of apoptosis in human T-lymphocytes was done to examine T-lymphocyte cells isolated from the fresh blood of 16volunteers, cultured and exposed to gamma rays.

Comparison of electromagnetic and hadronic models generated using Geant 4 with antiproton dose measured in CERN.

After proposing the idea of antiproton cancer treatment in 1984 many experiments were launched to investigate different aspects of physical and radiobiological properties of antiproton, which came from its annihilation reactions. One of these experiments has been done at the European Organization for Nuclear Research known as CERN using the antiproton decelerator. The ultimate goal of this experiment was to assess the dosimetric and radiobiological properties of beams of antiprotons in order to estimate the suitability of antiprotons for radiotherapy.

Evaluation on Geant4 Hadronic Models for Pion Minus, Pion Plus and Neutron Particles as Major Antiproton Annihilation Products.

Geant4 is an open source simulation toolkit based on C++, which its advantages progressively lead to applications in research domains especially modeling the biological effects of ionizing radiation at the sub-cellular scale. However, it was shown that Geant4 does not give a reasonable result in the prediction of antiproton dose especially in Bragg peak. One of the reasons could be lack of reliable physic model to predict the final states of annihilation products like pions.

Comparative study of the density of L2, L3, and L4 vertebrae in menopausal women aged over 50 years with osteoporosis.

Background: The Index used for osteoporosis detection was BMD measured in L2, L3, and L4 vertebrae. We compared the density of the vertebrae to select the one with maximum change in the density for decreasing the cost and the time.

Methods And Materials: Ninety seven osteoporotic post-menopausal women with a mean age of 61.

Monte Carlo Simulation of Siemens ONCOR Linear Accelerator with BEAMnrc and DOSXYZnrc Code.

The Monte Carlo method is the most accurate method for simulation of radiation therapy equipment. The linear accelerators (linac) are currently the most widely used machines in radiation therapy centers. In this work, a Monte Carlo modeling of the Siemens ONCOR linear accelerator in 6 MV and 18 MV beams was performed.

Assessment of effective absorbed dose of (111)In-DTPA-Buserelin in human on the basis of biodistribution rat data.

In this study, the effective absorbed dose to human organs was estimated, following intra vascular administration of (111)In-DTPA-Buserelin using biodistribution data from rats. Rats were sacrificed at exact time intervals of 0.25, 0.

Annual radiation background in the City of Isfahan.

Background: Measurement of environmental exposure is very important from different points of view especially for human health. In Iran, it is measured in some cities especially in high background areas such as Ramsar, but so far there is not any measurement in Isfahan.

Material/methods: Measurements were performed using CaSO4: Dy TLDs.