Response of photosynthetic efficiency parameters and leaf area index of alternative barley genotypes to increasing sowing density.

Alternative barley genotypes can be a source of genetic variability for breeding and raw material for functional food production. The reaction of these genotypes to diverse sowing densities is unknown. The study aimed to assess the response in physiological characteristics of alternative barley genotypes Hordeum vulgare var.

Chlamydomonas sp. extract meliorates the growth and physiological responses of 'Camarosa' strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch) under salinity stress.

Microalgae like Chlamydomonas are beneficial organisms employed as biological stimulants to improve plants' growth, fruit quality, and stress tolerance. In the current study, the effects of Chlamydomonas sp. foliar spraying (0, 20, and 40 ml L) were assayed on Camarosa strawberry plants under salinity stress (0, 40, and 80 mM NaCl).

Salicylic acid foliar application meliorates L. growth responses under Pb and Ni over-availability while keeping reliable phytoremediation potential.

The efficacy of SA foliar use on Pb and Ni-induced stress tolerance and phytoremediation potential by L. were assayed as a factorial trial based on a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The factors included; SA foliar application (0 and 100 µM) and HMs application of Pb [0, 150, and 225 mg kg soil Lead (II) nitrate] and Ni [0, 220, and 330 mg kg soil Nickel (II) nitrate].

Seaweed extract and arbuscular mycorrhiza co-application affect the growth responses and essential oil composition of Foeniculum vulgare L.

The influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) inoculation, seaweed extract (SWE) foliar use, and their co-applications were evaluated on the growth-associated traits, antioxidant potential, essential oil profile, and the nutrients content of fennel plants. A factorial experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with two factors and four replications in the greenhouse. The factors were: AMF inoculation (not inoculated and inoculated with 5 g kg) and SWE foliar application (0, 0.

Influence of drought stress and mycorrhizal () symbiosis on growth parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant activity, and essential oil composition of summer savory ( L.) plants.

Introduction: Drought stress unfavorably influences the growth and physiological traits of plants in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. This study aimed to determine the effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF; ) inoculation on the physiological and biochemical responses of summer savory ( L.) under different irrigation regimes.

Extraction of Isoflavones, Alpha-Hydroxy Acids, and Allantoin from Soybean Leaves-Optimization by a Mixture Design of the Experimental Method.

Soybeans are commonly known as a valuable source of biologically active compounds including isoflavones as well as allantoin and alpha-hydroxy acids. Since these compounds exhibit skin therapeutic effects, they are widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The presented paper shows the optimization of three solvent systems (ethanol, water, and 1,3-propanediol) to increase the extraction efficiency of isoflavones (daidzin, genistin, 6″--malonyldaidzin, 6″--malonylglycitin, 6″--malonylgenistin), allantoin, and alpha-hydroxy acids (citric acid, malic acid) from soybean leaves.

Improvements in the biochemical responses and Pb and Ni phytoremediation of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L.) plants through Funneliformis mosseae inoculation.

Background: Heavy metals (HMs) phytoremediation is a well-recognized protocol to remove toxic elements from the soil. As known, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance the plants' growth responses. The idea of the present study was to assay the response of lavender plants to HMs stress under AMF inoculation.

Polyethylene Glycol and Sorbitol-Mediated In Vitro Screening for Drought Stress as an Efficient and Rapid Tool to Reach the Tolerant L. Genotypes.

An efficient method to instantly assess drought-tolerant plants after germination is using osmoregulation in tissue culture media. In this study, the responses of three Iranian melon genotypes to sorbitol (0.1, 0.

Mitigation of salinity impact in spearmint plants through the application of engineered chitosan-melatonin nanoparticles.

High soil salinity represents a critical environmental constraint to crop production. In order to ameliorate the effects of salinity, a plethora of molecules have been applied and promising outcomes have been noted. The beneficial effects of chitosan (CTS) and melatonin (Mel) application, separately, have been previously recorded with respect to plant growth and productivity, leading to the hypothesis that their conjugation in the form of chitosan-melatonin nanoparticles (CTS-HPMC-Mel NPs) could lead to further enhanced performance of plants under control and stress conditions.

Biofilm forming rhizobacteria affect the physiological and biochemical responses of wheat to drought.

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can attenuate the adverse effects of water deficit on plant growth. Since drought stress tolerance of bacteria has earlier been associated to biofilm formation, we aimed to investigate the role of bacterial biofilm formation in their PGPR activity upon drought stress. To this end, a biofilm-forming bacterial collection was isolated from the rhizospheres of native arid grassland plants, and characterized by their drought tolerance and evaluated on their plant growth promoting properties.

Physiological and biochemical responses of Tanacetum balsamita L. to the foliar application of Dobogen biostimulant, glucose and KNO under salinity stress.

Salinity is one of the predominant abiotic stress factors that influence the growth and productivity of plants. Salinity adversely impacts the growth responses via ionic toxicity, osmotic stress, impaired nutrients uptake, hormonal disparity, and the over-production of reactive oxygen species. To study the effects of salinity stress (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM) and foliar treatments (dHO, 2 g L Dobogen biostimulant, 2 g L KNO and 2 g L D-glucose) on the growth and physiological responses of Tanacetum balsamita, a factorial experiment was conducted based on the completely randomized design at the research greenhouse of Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Iran.

Foliar Application of Cerium Oxide-Salicylic Acid Nanoparticles (CeO:SA Nanoparticles) Influences the Growth and Physiological Responses of L. under Salinity.

In the present study, the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid (100 μM), cerium oxide (50 mg L), and cerium oxide:salicylic acid nanoparticles (CeO: SA-nanoparticles, 50 mg L + 100 μM) on the growth and physiological responses of purslane ( L.) were examined in non-saline and saline conditions (50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity). Foliar applications mitigated salinity-induced adverse effects, and the highest plant height and N, P, Mg, and Mn content were recorded in the variant with non-saline × foliar use of CeO: SA-nanoparticles.

Fertilizer type and humic acid improve the growth responses, nutrient uptake, and essential oil content on Coriandrum sativum L.

In recent decades, the over-use of chemical fertilizers has imposed many environmental challenges worldwide. Nowadays, organic fertilizers such as vermicompost and livestock manure have gained a huge interest in sustainable agricultural systems. A 2-year field research was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design to assay the fertilizer and humic acid (HA) efficiency on the growth responses and essential oil composition of Coriandrum sativum.

Soil-based nano-graphene oxide and foliar selenium and nano-Fe influence physiological responses of 'Sultana' grape under salinity.

Salinity is a worldwide stressor that influences the growth and productivity of plants. Some novel compounds like; graphene oxide and nutrients such as Se and Fe especially as nano form may improve plant responses to the environmental stress factors. The soil-based graphene oxide (0, 50, and 100 g kg) and the foliar applications of Se and nano-Fe (control and 3 mg L) were assayed on grapevine cv.

Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Endemic Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Iran: Implications for Conservation and Habitat Management.

Iran, with its unique climatic and topographic conditions, is home to about 8200 species of vascular plants. Approximately 2300 of the 8200 species are popularly characterized as medicinal or aromatic. Here, we compile information about the endemic medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) of Iran and map their distributions.

Natural diversity in fatty acids profiles and antioxidant properties of sumac fruits (Rhus coriaria L.): Selection of preferable populations for food industries.

The current study screened the oil content, fatty acids profile, and antioxidant properties of twelve Iranian sumac fruit accessions. The oil contents were variable among the investigated populations (ranging from 5.15 to 16.

Lethal and sublethal effects of essential oils from Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Heracleum persicum against the adults of Callosobruchus maculatus.

The cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), is an important pest of stored cowpea, Vigna ungiculata (L.) Walpers (Fabales: Fabaceae), with ample distribution in tropical and subtropical regions.

Developmental variation of phenolic compounds in fruit tissue of two apple cultivars.

Background: Qualitative and quantitative analyses of 'Zonouz' and 'Gala' apples phenolic compounds were accomplished by HPLC.

Material And Methods: Samples for phenolics study were taken at three different growing stages [1 - fruit early growing stage 2 - mid-stage of fruit development (80 days after full bloom) 3 - during commercial harvest time].

Results: The results showed qualitative differences between two apple cultivars regarding phenolic compounds.

α-Pinene- and β-myrcene-rich volatile fruit oil of Cupressus arizonica Greene from northwest Iran.

Cupressus arizonica Greene is an aromatic evergreen coniferous plant with great importance in urban horticulture and in the pharmaceutical and fragrance industries. The hydrodistilled volatile fruit oil of cultivated C. arizonica from northwest Iran was analysed by GC/MS.