Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: Open Thoracotomy vs. Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Single-center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a spontaneous pneumothorax without underlying lung disease. The main goals of this study were to compare the outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and open thoracotomy in patients with PSP.

Methods: The current study is a retrospective cohort study of patients who were admitted to the emergency department or general surgery ward at Dr.

Medical management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in patients with MEN 1: case report.

Objectives: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) is a rare inherited autosomal dominant disease which manifests itself with at least one clinical scenario before 45 years of age. The value of somatostatin analogue therapy is unknown in the treatment of non-functioning pancreatic tumours and a few studies have been published in this field.

Case Presentation: We report a young patient with MEN-1 with multiple gastric and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors that was treated with the monthly injection of Sandostatin LAR before and After Distal Pancreatectomy and partial gastrectomy.

Post-intubation tracheal stenosis in pediatric age group: single-center experiences of 24 years.

Background And Aim: Post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) is an iatrogenic injury that involves some patients. Given the importance of this issue and the referral of a significant number of children with tracheal stenosis to Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, Iran, the present study investigated tracheal stenosis following prolonged intubation in the pediatric age group.

Methods: In this observational retrospective study, from 1994 to 2018, the medical records of all children under 14 years of age with a history of PITS were reviewed.

Postintubation Multisegmental Tracheal Stenosis: A 24-Year Experience.

Background: Management of multisegmental tracheal stenosis is challenging. In this 24-year longitudinal single-center study, we present an algorithmic treatment approach.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2167 patients with postintubation tracheal stenosis indicated 83 (3.

Expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been dysregulated in non-small cell lung cancer tissues.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as the most frequent type of lung cancer is associated with extensive mortality. Researchers have studied the suitability of several molecules as biomarkers for early detection of this cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as the main regulators of gene expression have also been assessed in this regard.

The Development of a Four-Electrode Bio-Impedance Sensor for Identification and Localization of Deep Pulmonary Nodules.

Identifying and localizing of deep pulmonary nodules are among the main challenges that thoracic surgeons face during operations, particularly in thoracoscopic procedures. To facilitate this, we have tried to introduce a non-invasive and safe method by measuring the lung electrical bio-impedance spectrum with a four-electrode array sensor. To study the feasibility of this method, since any change in the depth or diameter of the nodule in the lung tissue is not practical, we used the finite element modeling of the lung tissue and pulmonary nodule to allow changes in the depth and diameter of the nodule, as well as the distance in between the injection electrodes.

Identification of Pulmonary Nodules by Sweeping the Surface of the Lung with an Electrical Bioimpedance Probe: A Feasibility Study.

: Identifying and localizing the invisible and nonpalpable pulmonary nodules are among the main challenges surgeons face during open and thoracoscopic surgeries. This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a simple and safe electrical bioimpedance probe in locating the pulmonary nodules by sweeping the surface of the lung tissue. : A probe was designed with four spherical electrodes that were used for recording the bioimpedance spectrum of the lung tissue in a frequency range of 50 kHz to 5 MHz.

Identifying and Localizing of the In-depth Pulmonary Nodules Using Electrical Bio-Impedance.

Intraoperative localization of small and in-depth pulmonary nodules particularly during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), is one of the main challenges for Thoracic surgeons. Failure to determine the location of nodules may lead to a large incision in the normal lung tissue or the conversion of the minimally invasive surgery to an open thoracotomy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of electrical bio-impedance measurement to precisely determine the position of in-depth pulmonary nodules and tumors, which are not visible during thoracoscopic surgeries or even are not palpable during open thoracic surgeries.

Third study on WHO MPOWER Tobacco Control Scores in Eastern Mediterranean countries 2011-2015.

This study was conducted to quantify the implementation of the MPOWER policies and to assess any possible changes across Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) countries. In this comparative cross-sectional study based on 10 categories mentioned in MPOWER report 2015 a checklist was designed. Seven questions were scored from 0-4 and three from 0-3.

An Overview of Tracheal Stenosis Research Trends and Hot Topics.

Background: Tracheal stenosis remains a challenge in the thoracic surgery field. Recognizing the hot topics and major concepts in this area would help the health policy makers to determine their own priorities and design the effective research plans. The present study analyzed and mapped the topics and trends of tracheal stenosis studies over time as well as authors' and countries' contributions.

In-vivo characterization of a 3D hybrid scaffold based on PCL/decellularized aorta for tracheal tissue engineering.

Introduction: As common treatments for long tracheal stenosis are associated with several limitations, tracheal tissue engineering is considered as an alternative treatment.

Aim Of Study: This study aimed at preparing a hybrid scaffold, based on biologic and synthetic materials for tracheal tissue engineering.

Materials And Methods: Three electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds, namely E1 (pure PCL), E2 (collagen-coated PCL) and E3 (PCL blended with collagen) were prepared.

Colopharyngoplasty in Patients with Severe Pharyngoesophageal Corrosive Injury: A Complicated but Worthwhile Procedure to Restore GI Tract Continuity, A Case Series.

Background: Pharyngoesophageal strictures (PES) after corrosive injury impose a problematic condition for both physicians and patients in terms of their management and patients' quality of life. Colopharyngoplasty is a complex procedure, which is used to restore swallowing in these severely disabled patients. We describe our experience in treating nine patients with severe PES after corrosive injuries in a referral center.

Incidence Rate of Post-Intubation Tracheal Stenosis in Patients Admitted to Five Intensive Care Units in Iran.

Background: Tracheal stenosis is one of the worst complications associated with endotracheal intubation and it is the most common reason for reconstructive airway surgeries. Due to various local risk factors, the incidence rate of tracheal stenosis may vary in different countries. In order to estimate the incidence rate of post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), a follow-up study was planned.

An Investigation of Topics and Trends of Tracheal Replacement Studies Using Co-Occurrence Analysis.

This study evaluated tracheal regeneration studies using scientometric and co-occurrence analysis to identify the most important topics and assess their trends over time. To provide the adequate search options, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) were used to cover various categories such as keywords, countries, organizations, and authors. Search results were obtained by employing Bibexcel.

Viscoelastic Properties of Human Tracheal Tissues.

The physiological performance of trachea is highly dependent on its mechanical behavior, and therefore, the mechanical properties of its components. Mechanical characterization of trachea is key to succeed in new treatments such as tissue engineering, which requires the utilization of scaffolds which are mechanically compatible with the native human trachea. In this study, after isolating human trachea samples from brain-dead cases and proper storage, we assessed the viscoelastic properties of tracheal cartilage, smooth muscle, and connective tissue based on stress relaxation tests (at 5% and 10% strains for cartilage and 20%, 30%, and 40% for smooth muscle and connective tissue).

The Role of Systemic Steroids in Postintubation Tracheal Stenosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Most patients with postintubation tracheal stenosis are not ideal candidates for airway resection at presentation and their airways must be temporarily kept open by repeated bronchoscopic dilation (RBD). Meanwhile, some sufficiently recover by RBD without further airway resection requirement. We hypothesized whether systemic corticosteroids could lengthen RBD intervals, decrease the number of patients who eventually need airway resection, and shorten the required length of airway resection.

Mechanical Characterization and Constitutive Modeling of Human Trachea: Age and Gender Dependency.

Tracheal disorders can usually reduce the free lumen diameter or wall stiffness, and hence limit airflow. Trachea tissue engineering seems a promising treatment for such disorders. The required mechanical compatibility of the prepared scaffold with native trachea necessitates investigation of the mechanical behavior of the human trachea.

Abberent expression of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive microRNAs and their target genes in human adenocarcinoma alveolar basal epithelial cells.

Context: Lung cancer is one of the most serious types of cancer that often diagnosed at advanced stage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding molecules which silence gene expression of target gene (s) at posttranscriptional level. They are key regulators of cell cycle, apoptosis, anti-cancer drug responsiveness and metastasis.

Overexpression of the non-coding SOX2OT variants 4 and 7 in lung tumors suggests an oncogenic role in lung cancer.

Despite the advances in cancer therapy, lung cancer still remains the most leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recently introduced as novel regulators of human cancers. SOX2 overlapping transcript (SOX2OT) is a cancer-associated lncRNA gene that encodes different alternatively spliced transcripts.