Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Benzimidazoleacrylonitrile Derivatives.

Background: Benzimidazoles have a wide range of synthetic applications in medicinal chemistry and biological activities like anti-tumor/anti-proliferative activities etc. Moreover, different heterocyclic moieties attached to the benzimidazole ring improved anticancer activities.

Methods: All the chemicals were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company, are of AR grade and used as received.

Epileptiform activity predicts epileptogenesis in cerebral hemorrhage.

This retrospective case-controlled study was performed to evaluate whether Epileptiform Activity, suspected clinical seizures, and/or 2HELPS2B/S after nontraumatic Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage or Subarachnoid Hemorrhage can predict Epilepsy. Hundred and thirty-two patients were included-29 (Epilepsy), 103 (Control Group). After matching, the average effect for all three risk factors was significant as follows: (1) Epileptiform Activity (p = 0.

Influence of Elbow Angle on Erosion-Corrosion of 1018 Steel for Gas-Liquid-Solid Three Phase Flow.

Erosive wear due to the fact of sand severely affects hydrocarbon production industries and, consequently, various sectors of the mineral processing industry. In this study, the effect of the elbow geometrical configuration on the erosive wear of carbon steel for silt-water-air flow conditions were investigated using material loss analysis, surface roughness analysis, and microscopic imaging technique. Experiments were performed under the plug flow conditions in a closed flow loop at standard atmospheric pressure.

Curve Fitting for Damage Evolution through Regression Analysis for the Kachanov-Rabotnov Model to the Norton-Bailey Creep Law of SS-316 Material.

In a number of circumstances, the Kachanov-Rabotnov isotropic creep damage constitutive model has been utilized to assess the creep deformation of high-temperature components. Secondary creep behavior is usually studied using analytical methods, whereas tertiary creep damage constants are determined by the combination of experiments and numerical optimization. To obtain the tertiary creep damage constants, these methods necessitate extensive computational effort and time to determine the tertiary creep damage constants.

Green Synthesis of Fused Chromeno-pyrazolo-phthalazine Derivatives with Silicasupported Bismuth Nitrate under Solvent-free Conditions.

Aim: The study aimed to synthesize chromeno-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-6,9,14(7H)-trione analogs with the help of silica-supported bismuth nitrate catalyst.

Background: Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are widespread, and their applications to pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials are becoming more and more important. Pyrazoles are an important class of compounds for new drug development, as they are the core structure of numerous biologically active compounds, including blockbuster drugs such as celecoxib, viagra, pyrazofurine, and many others.

Bounds on the Partition Dimension of Convex Polytopes.

Aims And Objective: The idea of partition and resolving sets play an important role in various areas of engineering, chemistry and computer science such as robot navigation, facility location, pharmaceutical chemistry, combinatorial optimization, networking, and mastermind game.

Methods: In a graph, to obtain the exact location of a required vertex, which is unique from all the vertices, several vertices are selected; this is called resolving set, and its generalization is called resolving partition, where selected vertices are in the form of subsets. A minimum number of partitions of the vertices into sets is called partition dimension.

Facemask against viral respiratory infections among Hajj pilgrims: A challenging cluster-randomized trial.

Background: In this large-scale cluster-randomized controlled trial (cRCT) we sought to assess the effectiveness of facemasks against viral respiratory infections.

Methods And Results: Over three consecutive Hajj seasons (2013, 2014, 2015) pilgrims' tents in Makkah were allocated to 'facemask' or 'no facemask' group. Fifty facemasks were offered to participants in intervention tents, to be worn over four days, and none were offered to participants in control tents.

Meningococcal and pneumococcal carriage in Hajj pilgrims: findings of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Intense congestion during the Hajj pilgrimage amplifies the risk of meningococcal carriage and disease, and there have been many meningococcal outbreaks reported amongst pilgrims. Thus, a strict vaccination policy is enforced by the host country and either polysaccharide or conjugate quadrivalent meningococcal vaccines are mandatory. However, unlike conjugate vaccines, the polysaccharide vaccine is not thought to reduce pharyngeal carriage of meningococci.

Surveillance of Australian Hajj pilgrims for carriage of potentially pathogenic bacteria: Data from two pilot studies.

Aim: To estimate the pharyngeal carriage rate of (), () and () among Australian Hajj pilgrims.

Methods: In 2014, surveillance was conducted in two phases among Australian Hajj pilgrims: The first phase during Hajj in Mina, and the second phase soon after returning home to Australia. Nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swabs were taken from participants then tested, firstly by nucleic acid testing, and also by standard culture.

Barriers of vaccinations against serious bacterial infections among Australian Hajj pilgrims.

Objectives: Vaccination against serious bacterial infections is recommended for Hajj pilgrims. Although the uptake of mandatory vaccines among Hajj pilgrims is acceptable, the uptake of other recommended vaccines remains suboptimal. In this study, we have explored the barriers to vaccination against serious bacterial infections among Australian Hajj pilgrims.

Changes in the prevalence of influenza-like illness and influenza vaccine uptake among Hajj pilgrims: A 10-year retrospective analysis of data.

Background: Influenza is an important health hazard among Hajj pilgrims. For the last ten years, pilgrims are being recommended to take influenza vaccine before attending Hajj. Vaccination coverage has increased in recent years, but whether there has been any change in the prevalence of influenza-like illness (ILI) is not known.

Viral respiratory infections among Hajj pilgrims in 2013.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has emerged in the Arabian Gulf region, with its epicentre in Saudi Arabia, the host of the 'Hajj' which is the world's the largest mass gathering. Transmission of MERS-CoV at such an event could lead to its rapid worldwide dissemination. Therefore, we studied the frequency of viruses causing influenza-like illnesses (ILI) among participants in a randomised controlled trial at the Hajj 2013.

Pneumococcal Vaccine Uptake Among Australian Hajj Pilgrims in 2011-13.

The uptake of the pneumococcal vaccine is suboptimal in Australia and remains unknown among Australian Hajj pilgrims, many of whom are eligible because of age or underlying disease and at particular risk because of travel and activities at Hajj. Pneumococcal vaccination uptake was examined over three consecutive years (2011 to 2013) through anonymous self-administered cross sectional surveys among Australian pilgrims who assembled in Mina valley, Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Respectively, 158, 513 and 219 pilgrims were recruited in 2011, 2012 and 2013; their mean ages were 43.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Survey Concerning Antimicrobial Use among Australian Hajj Pilgrims.

Resistance to antimicrobial agents has increased for reasons relating to the use and misuse of antimicrobials in human, agriculture and aquaculture. Antimicrobial use is quite high during mass gatherings such as the Hajj pilgrimage. To reduce non-prescription use and inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials, a more thorough understanding of their use and the motives behind why patients request, even demand, antimicrobials, fail to adhere to the prescription is important.

Extending total parenteral nutrition hang time in the neonatal intensive care unit: is it safe and cost effective?

Aim: To investigate the effects of prolonging hang time of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) fluid on central line-associated blood stream infection (CLABSI), TPN-related cost and nursing workload.

Methods: A before-after observational study comparing the practice of hanging TPN bags for 48 h (6 February 2009-5 February 2010) versus 24 h (6 February 2008-5 February 2009) in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit was conducted. The main outcome measures were CLABSI, TPN-related expenses and nursing workload.

Hypotensive activity and toxicology of constituents from root bark of Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula.

A defatted extract of Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula root bark (PRB) in 50% methanol showed a significant ability to reduce blood pressure. It caused a 22% and 47% fall in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in rats at doses of 3 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, respectively.