In Silico and ADMET Studies of Spiro-Quinazoline Compounds as Acetylcholine Esterase Inhibitors Against Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory impairment resulting from the degeneration and death of brain neurons. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are used in primary pharmacotherapy for numerous neurodegenerative conditions, providing their capacity to modulate acetylcholine levels crucial for cognitive function. Recently, quinazoline derivatives have emerged as a compelling model for neurodegenerative disease treatment, showcasing promising pharmacological features.

Synthesis, In-Silico Biochemical Properties, and In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Some Farmazans-Sulfonamide Derivatives.

The low effectiveness of currently available antibiotics is driving efforts worldwide to generate new antimicrobial drugs. So, we synthesized some new formazan derivatives containing sulfonamide moiety, and assessed their in-silico biochemical properties as well as in-vitro antibacterial activity against some pathogenic Gram-positive (B. subtilis and S.

Atomistic Analysis of Sulphonamides as a Microbial Influenced Corrosion (MIC) Inhibitor.

Four sulfonamide-type microbial inhibitors were studied using density functional theory (DFT) to assess their effectiveness in controlling microbial corrosion. The experimental techniques (FTIR, SEM, EIS, EFM, and AFM) are beneficial for measuring properties such as chemical composition, bond formation, electrochemical behavior, and surface topography; however, DFT can be useful as a new method for understanding microbial corrosion. Sulfacetamide (SFC), sulfamerazine (SFM), sulfapyridine (SFP), and sulfathiazole (SFT) uniformly adsorb onto the iron surface and block the active site, reducing the corrosion rate.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Urdu version of the avoidance endurance behavior questionnaire in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Background: The Avoidance Endurance Questionnaire (AEQ) successfully measures the fear-avoidance and endurance-related responses to chronic pain.

Objective: The objective of this study was to translate, cross-culturally adapt AEQ into Urdu and assess the reliability and validity of the Urdu version.

Method: For the translation and cross-cultural adaptation process, the Beaton Guidelines were followed.

Synthesis of hierarchical magnesium diboride-guar gum interfacial Ru nanocomposite electrode for enhanced supercapacitor performance.

Herein, we report for the first time a simple strategy to design a hierarchical chemically exfoliated magnesium diboride and guar gum network structure decorated with Ru nanoparticles (eMgB-GG@Ru) as an electrode to evaluate its electrochemical performance for the application of supercapacitor. The eMgB and functionalized eMgB-GG@Ru materials were thoroughly examined using XRD, TGA, DLS, FE-SEM, STEM, AFM, XPS, and BET techniques. The combined eMgB-GG@Ru electrode exhibits a network structure morphology with an increased interlayer distance of eMgB nanolayers along with a uniform distribution of spherical Ru nanoparticles.

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Applications of Aqueous-Root Extract-Mediated Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles.

In the present study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by using aqueous extracts of roots. Characterization of as-prepared ZnO nanoparticles was carried out using different techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and BET surface area analysis. Morphological analysis confirmed the small, aggregated flake-shaped morphology of as-synthesized ZnO nanostructures.

Network pharmacology and experimental insights into STAT3 inhibition by novel isoxazole derivatives of piperic acid in triple negative breast cancer.

STAT3 is a crucial member within a family of seven essential transcription factors. Elevated STAT3 levels have been identified in various cancer types, notably in breast cancer (BC). Consequently, inhibiting STAT3 is recognized as a promising and effective strategy for therapeutic intervention against breast cancer.

Metabolism of Tembotrione, a Triketone Herbicide, confers Differential Sensitivity in Winter Wheat ().

Tembotrione is a triketone herbicide widely used for broad-spectrum weed control in corn but not registered for use in wheat. A wide collection of spring, winter, and EMS-derived mutant lines of wheat was evaluated for their response to tembotrione treatment. Two winter wheat (WW) genotypes (WW-1 and WW-2) were found to be least sensitive to this herbicide, surviving >6 times the field recommended dose (92 g ai ha) compared to the most sensitive genotype (WW-24).

Compatibility Effects of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blend on Fuel System Elastomers in Compression Ignition Engines.

Alternative energy sources, such as biodiesel, play a vital role in environmental protection. Waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel has promising applications in compression ignition engines. A major problem regarding biodiesel implementation is the deterioration and materials incompatibility of existing fuel system components with biodiesel.

Experimental Studies to Reduce Usage of Fossil Fuels and Improve Green Fuels by Adopting Hydrogen-Ammonia-Biodiesel as Trinary Fuel for RCCI Engine.

This study investigates the feasibility of hydrogen addition to achieve lower emissions and higher thermal efficiency in an ammonia-biodiesel-fueled reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine. A single-cylinder light-duty water-cooled compression ignition (CI) engine was adapted to run in RCCI combustion with port-injected ammonia and hydrogen as low reactive fuel (LRF) and direct-injected algal biodiesel as high reactive fuel (HRF). In our earlier study, the ammonia substitution ratio (ASR) was optimized as 40%.

Comparing knowledge, attitudes, and practices in cardiovascular disease prevention and health promotion between community and hospital pharmacists in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Saudi Arabia is one of the leading nations in the world in terms of the high frequency of chronic diseases and their associated risk factors. Knowledge and awareness are crucial for pharmacists to play an active role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The current study assessed the pharmacists' knowledge, attitude, and practice to determine the potential differences with respect to their respective practice settings toward CVD prevention and related health promotions.

Do domestic innovations promote trade openness? Empirical evidence from emerging economies.

Purpose: Innovation activities have gained much importance due to their pivotal role in achieving economic growth - directly by increasing productivity and - indirectly by increasing the degree of trade openness. This study aims to focus on the indirect channel, a rarely explored area of research, especially in the context of emerging economies.

Methodology: To achieve the aim of the study, four proxies of innovation (resident patent applications, nonresident patent applications, scientific and technical journal articles, and research and development expenditures) are used to establish a robust relationship between innovation activities and trade openness in BRICS economies.

COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Relation to New-Onset Diabetes: A Narrative Review.

The COVID-19 vaccination has been effective in preventing a lot of complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Meanwhile, diabetes mellitus, one of the root causes of many co-morbidities, exhibited itself during the COVID-19 pandemic and after COVID-19 vaccination. Diabetes mellitus introduced itself in a new perspective, leading to a variety of presentations and causing a significant number of emergency admissions.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Cervical Cancer Prevention and Screening among Female Pharmacy Students at a Public University in a Southern Region of Saudi Arabia.

Despite the availability of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and screening facilities at various health centers in Saudi Arabia, the annual death rate due to cervical cancer is high. Therefore, knowledge and awareness are essential for self-care and educating others, particularly among healthcare students. The present descriptive, cross-sectional study explored female pharmacy students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer.

Spatial variation in livelihood security among livestock-based agricultural farming systems in climatically vulnerable Indian Sundarbans.

Farm households in the UNESCO World Heritage site Sundarbans face serious problems, including increased soil salinity, frequent extreme weather events, seawater intrusion and flood damage, all of which cause distress to the livelihoods of the farm families. Policymakers commonly acknowledge livestock as a crucial resource for mitigating economic losses caused by crop failures due to extreme weather events. Despite Sundarbans' vulnerability to extreme weather events, smallholder farmers' livelihoods vary across the region.

Is fiscal deficit 'curse' or 'haven' for environmental quality in India? Empirical investigation employing battery of distinct ARDL approaches.

Undoubtedly, throughout the past half-century, environmental quality has emerged as a significant obstacle to both economic and social endeavors. Recent local and international policy debates have focused on environmental deterioration and global warming, but how governments balance economic growth and environmental sustainability is still enigmatic. For this reason, we have examined the determinants of environmental quality in India from 1972 to 2021.

Diverse Pharmacological Potential of different Substituted Pyrazole Derivatives.

The chemistry of heterocyclic compounds has been a topic of research interest. Some five-membered heterocyclic compounds have been the subject of extensive research due to their different types of pharmacological effects. The five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives have a lot of interest in the fields of medical and agricultural chemistry due to their diverse spectrum of therapeutic activities.

An Overview of Various Rifampicin Analogs against and their Drug Interactions.

The success of the TB control program is hampered by the major issue of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). The situation has undoubtedly been made more difficult by the widespread and multidrug-resistant (XDR) strains of TB. The modification of existing anti-TB medications to produce derivatives that can function on resistant TB bacilli is one of the potential techniques to overcome drug resistance affordably and straightforwardly.

Is gender diversity is diversity washing or good governance for firm sustainable development goal performance: A scoping review.

In Industry 4.0, sustainability is the heart, and governance is the soul of the business, but diversity washing, greenwashing, and SDG washing are skeptical. This is due to the reactive/normative approach in dealing with sustainability and governance, which has created an amounting number of greenhouse gases, waste generation, and several business washing challenges.

Experimental Investigation and Characterization of Friction Stir Spot-Welded Dissimilar Aluminum Copper Metallic Lap Joints.

Due to their contrasting physical properties, joining materials like copper and aluminum has always proven difficult. The disadvantages of traditional joining methods include additional weight, solidification problems, and energy waste. Friction stir spot-welding (FSSW) was utilized for joining copper and aluminum in order to get around these difficulties.