Incidence rate and geographic distribution of congenital hypothyroidism in the southwest of Iran (Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province) based on geographic information system since 2011-2020.

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most prevalent preventable cause of mental retardation and intellectual disability in newborns. Genetic and environmental factors have been related to congenital hypothyroidism. Hence, this study was conducted to illustrate the incidence and spatial distribution of the CH using the dataset from the national newborn CH screening information system during 2011-2020in counties affiliated to the Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad University of Medical Sciences.

Bioclimatic analysis and spatial distribution of fascioliasis causative agents by assessment of Lymnaeidae snails in northwestern provinces of Iran.

Background: Snails of the Lymnaeidae family are the intermediate hosts of Fasciola species, the causative agents of fascioliasis. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Fasciola species in lymnaeid snails and to investigate the association of geoclimatic factors and Fasciola species distribution in northwestern provinces of Iran using geographical information system (GIS) data.

Methods: A total of 2000 lymnaeid snails were collected from 33 permanent and seasonal habitats in northwestern Iran during the period from June to November 2021.

Geographical and climatic risk factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the hyper-endemic focus of Bam County in southeast Iran.

Introduction: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a prevalent debilitating disease in many countries, particularly in Iran, the Middle East, North Africa, and South America. Bam County is the most important highly endemic focus of anthropometric CL in Iran and has been under consideration by WHO. This study investigated the environmental and geographic factors affecting the occurrence and distribution of CL in this focus.

Geospatial Analysis and Molecular Epidemiologic Study of Emerging Pulmonary Lophomoniasis in Iran: A National Registry-Based Study.

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary lophomoniasis (BPL) is a protozoan pulmonary disease that has been reported sporadically, but its incidence has been increasing. However, the epidemiology and risk factors of the disease have not been clearly identified. The current study aims to identify BPL cases molecularly and assess the demographic and some environmental factors for the first time on the prevalence of BPL as a national registry-based study in Iran.

Three cases of brain hydatidosis in North Khorasan, Iran.

Cystic hydatidosis is a serious public health problem in Iran. Although cysts can develop in almost all organs and the brain cysts are very rare. Here, we present 3 confirmed cases of brain hydatidosis and the patients who underwent successful surgery.

A family cluster of cutaneous Leishmania major infection unresponsive to intralesional meglumine antimonial: Case reports.

We describe a family cluster of L. major that became infected by traveling to an endemic focus of CL, which did not respond to intralesional meglumine antimonial treatment whilst two were hospitalized due to the progressive disease that responded to 4 weeks of oral ketoconazole. Parasite genotyping of the internal transcribed spacer 1 gene revealed the same infecting parasite strain in all family members and was the same strain in GenBank that caused mucosal L.

Geoclimatic risk factors for childhood asthma hospitalization in southwest of Iran.

Background: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease resulting from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Among environmental factors, climatic and geographical variations have an important role in increasing asthma hospitalization. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of geoclimatic factors on the occurrence of childhood asthma hospitalization in Fars province, southwest Iran.

Effects of an Iranian traditional fermented food consumption on blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Ash-Kardeh is one of the few fermented foods without a dairy base in Iran, which is traditionally prepared from cereals and plants in the presence of microorganisms (mainly lactic acid bacteria).

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effects of Ash-Kardeh consumption on blood glucose, lipid profile, and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods: Forty-six patients with type 2 diabetes were studied in this randomized controlled clinical trial.

Sequence analysis, intra-genotyping variation, and phylogenetic study of nad1 gene in Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes from intermediate hosts in southwestern Iran.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s. l.).

The effect of geo-climatic determinants on the distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a recently emerging focus in eastern Iran.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has been reported in recent years in South Khorasan Province, a desert region of eastern Iran, where the main species is Leishmania tropica. Little is known of the influence of geography and climate on its distribution, and so this study was conducted to determine geo-climatic factors by using geographic information system.

Methods: The home addresses of patients with CL patients who were diagnosed and notified from 2009 to 2017 were retrieved from the provincial health center and registered on the village/town/city point layer.

PPARγ activation by pioglitazone enhances the anti-proliferative effects of doxorubicin on pro-monocytic THP-1 leukemia cells via inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest.

Purpose: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a common chemotherapeutic agent, with toxic side effects, and chemoresistance. Combination chemotherapy is a successful approach to overcome these limitations. Here, we investigated the effects of pioglitazone (PGZ), a PPARγ agonist, and/or DOX on the viability, cell cycle, apoptosis on THP-1 cells and normal human monocytes (NHMs).

A comparative study of the proximity to nomadic travel routes and environmental factors on the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, southwestern Iran.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most important health challenges in hyperendemic countries like Iran. Geospatial information systems-based studies have shown that factors, including land cover, altitude, slope temperature, rainfall and animal livestock, affect CL distribution in Kohgyloyeh and Boyerahmad province, southwestern Iran. However, the question of the influence of nomadic tribes, who travel with their goats and sheep, on CL is unanswered.

Hospital discharge on the first compared with the second day after a planned cesarean delivery had equivalent maternal postpartum outcomes: a randomized single-blind controlled clinical trial.

Objective: Determining the effect of discharge time after elective cesarean section on maternal outcomes.

Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial that performed on 294 women who undergo elective cesarean section. The patients were randomized in two groups by simple randomization method: Group A (discharge 24 h after cesarean) and group B (discharge for 48 h after cesarean).

Relationship between Bacillus Calmette Guerin Vaccination Policy and Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Incidence.

Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) was designed for protecting children against tuberculosis. Also, it can protect against other infectious diseases through the induction of trained immunity. Due to its heterologous protective effects, the BCG vaccine has been proposed as atreatment option for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).

Phylogenetic analysis of Trichostrongylus vitrinus isolates from southwest Iran.

Background: Trichostrongylus is one of the most important zoonotic trichostrongylid nematodes, infecting mostly livestock. Data on its genetic characteristics are lacking in Iran.

Methods: We determined the phylogenetic relationships of Trichostrongylus species in three counties of Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad (K-B) province, southwest Iran.

Environmental, climatic and host population risk factors of human cystic echinococcosis in southwest of Iran.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a worldwide zoonotic disease, is affected by various biological and environmental factors. We investigated dog/livestock populations, climatic and environmental factors influencing the distribution of human CE cases in Fars province, southwest Iran.

Methods: We mapped the addresses of 266 hospitalised CE patients (2004-2014) and studied the effects of different temperature models, mean annual rainfall and humidity, number of frosty days, slope, latitude, land covers, close proximity to nomads travel routes, livestock and dog densities on the occurrence of CE using geographical information systems approach.

The Geographical Distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Causative Agents in Iran and Its Neighboring Countries, A Review.

and are both the main cause of anthroponotic (ACL) and zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), respectively, in the Old World. and , which are important causes of visceral leishmaniasis, have also occasionally been reported in CL patients. The present study investigates the current distribution of causative species of CL in Iran and neighboring countries in the Middle East.

Geo-climatic factors in a newly emerging focus of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in rural areas of north-eastern Iran.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the fatal form of leishmaniasis. A newly emerging focus of zoonotic VL (ZVL) including 13 villages has been reported from Maraveh Tappeh County, Golestan province, north-eastern Iran. We investigated the effect of climatic and environmental factors on the occurrence of disease in this focus by geographical information systems (GIS) approaches and logistic regression models.

Population structures of Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica the causative agents of kala-azar in Southwest Iran.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in Iran and is caused predominantly by Leishmania infantum, but L. tropica is emerging as an important cause. We studied the intra-species population structure of Leishmania spp.

Population Structure of Causing Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Southern Iran by PCR-RFLP of Kinetoplastid DNA.

Iran is one of the six countries with the most cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients. Understanding better the genotypes of the parasite population in relation to geography and climate is critical to achieving better CL control. We aimed to characterise the population structure of , the cause of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), from important foci in southeast (Bam and Kerman) and southwest (Shiraz) Iran.

Heterogenity of Echinococcus canadensis genotype 6 - the main causative agent of cystic echinococcosis in Birjand, Eastern Iran.

Little is known about the genotypes of Echinococcus spp. and their life cycles in eastern Iran. We analysed the partial sequences of the nad1 and cox1 genes from 17 isolates from hydatid cyst-infected patients (n=9), camels (n=5) and sheep (n=3) in Birjand, eastern Iran.

Survey of False-positive Reactivity of Latex Agglutination Test for Kala-azar (Katex) without Urine Sample Boiling Process in Autoimmune Patients.

Background: Latex agglutination test for Kala-azar (KAtex) is an easy, inexpensive, and field-applicable antigen detection test. However, the main drawback of this method is the boiling step applied to remove false positivity of the test. This study was conducted to survey false positivity results of latex agglutination test for KAtex without boiling process in urine of some autoimmune patients.

Distribution pattern of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica in Western Afghanistan during 2013-2014.

Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), caused by Leishmania tropica, is the main cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Herat province, Western Afghanistan. We investigated the role of environmental factors on ACL distribution in Herat. Epidemiological data from 2457 patients were retrieved from the local WHO sub-office.

Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Two Highly Endemic Metropolises of Iran, Application of FTA Cards for DNA Extraction From Giemsa-Stained Slides.

Background: PCR has been used for confirmation of leishmaniasis in epidemiological studies, but complexity of DNA extraction and PCR approach has confined its routine use in developing countries.

Objectives: In this study, recent epidemiological situation of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in two hyper-endemic metropolises of Shiraz and Isfahan in Iran was studied using DNA extraction by commercial FTA cards and kinetoplastid DNA (kDNA)-PCR amplification for detection/identification of Leishmania directly from stained skin scraping imprints.

Patients And Methods: Fifty four and 30 samples were collected from clinically diagnosed CL patients referred to clinical laboratories of leishmaniasis control centers in Isfahan and Shiraz cities, respectively.