Determining the Duration of Maternal Immunity Against Sheep Pox in Lambs.

Maternal immunity may affect vaccination success in young lambs. This study was aimed to determine the duration of the maternal immunity in lambs born from vaccinated ewe against Sheep pox. The level of neutralizing antibody against Sheeppox virus (SPPV) was measured in 14 lambs that were fed colostrum of their immunized mother (MCF lambs;  = 14) or reared with colostrum of ewes that were not immunized against Sheep pox, as the control (C lambs;  = 7), using virus neutralization index.

Soluble Diphtheria Toxin Variant, CRM 197 was Obtained in Escherichia coli at High Productivity Using SUMO Fusion and an Adjusted Expression Strategy.

Background: CRM197, a non-toxic diphtheria toxin variant, is widely used as a polysaccharide carrier in a variety of conjugate vaccines and also exhibits antitumor activity. CRM197 commercial production is limited due to the low yield of Corynebacterium diphtheriae C7 (197) tox-. Developing an efficient method for recombinant CRM197 production reduces production costs and is critical for expanding the application coverage of related medical products and basic research.