The characteristics of mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms: a clinical experience from a tertiary care center in Qatar and a literature review.

Background: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are hematological disorders characterized by abnormal production of myeloid cells due to genetic mutations. Since 2013, researchers have identified somatic mutations in the Calreticulin (CALR) gene, primarily insertions or deletions, in two Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPNs; essential thrombocytosis (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF), and occasionally in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). This study aims to identify the various types of CALR mutations and their impact on CALR-positive MPN patients' clinical manifestations and outcomes.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Does Not Exclude Polycythemia Vera: A Case Report.

Introduction: Polycythemia vera (PV) is one of the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) diagnosed by World Health Organization (WHO) criteria 2016, which requires the presence of 3 major criteria: high hemoglobin/hematocrit, bone marrow findings, and Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation or two major and one minor criteria, including erythropoietin (EPO) level. However, in clinical practice, difficulties in diagnosis can arise as it may be masked by secondary causes for erythrocytosis such as smoking or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Case Presentation: Here, we report a 55-year-old gentleman, morbidly obese with OSA on home continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine, who was incidentally found to have polycythemia.

A Rare Case of Lambert-Eaton Myasthenia Syndrome Associated with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Lambert-Eaton myasthenia syndrome (LEMS) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibodies targeting presynaptic neuromuscular junctions. It results in muscle weakness and autonomic dysfunction. LEMS can be idiopathic or associated with neoplastic diseases, often small-cell lung cancer.

Glanzmann Thrombasthenia Associated with Siderotic Synovitis and Arthropathy: A Case Report.

Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a bleeding disorder with a low incidence. It typically manifests as superficial bleeding episodes, which tend to be mild. Deep organ involvement is not uncommon but remains rare due to the rarity of the disease itself and the unusual association between platelet disorders and deep organ implications.

Clinical and epidemiological features and therapeutic options of avascular necrosis in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD): a cross-sectional study.

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a debilitating complication in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, and its management is usually challenging. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological features and therapeutic options of AVN in sickle cell patients in Qatar.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a 49 SCD patients who were diagnosed with AVN and attended the hematology clinic at the National Center for Cancer care & research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar between Jan-2011 to Jan2021.

Toe Gangrene as the First Presenting Symptom of Essential Thrombocythemia: A Case Report.

Essential thrombocythemia is a myeloproliferative neoplasm. Thrombosis and bleeding complications are common with myeloproliferative neoplasms, particularly essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera. Here, we report the case of a 52-year-old female who presented initially with painful toe swelling and discoloration.

Recurrence of acute chest syndrome post stopping Crizanlizumab, the dilemma of stopping vs continuation in patient with sickle cell disease: case report.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common hematological diseases, which results in variable complications. The treatment of SCD is evolving but limited options are available for now. Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is one of the serious complications observed in SCD and a challenging one in prevention.

Sickle cell leg ulcer successfully managed by hyperbaric oxygen: a case report.

Sickle cell leg ulcers (SCLUs) are usually chronic, painful, and devastating complications of sickle cell disease. Skin vaso-occlusion with compromised blood flow, chronic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction is thought to be the underlying mechanism. It is usually slow to heal, and it may become chronic and superinfected.

Omicron-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report.

Coronavirus disease 2019 is a systemic infection that significantly impacts the hematopoietic system and hemostasis. Among the hematological manifestations described, severe and symptomatic thrombocytopenia is rare. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), also known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura or immune thrombocytopenic purpura, is an acquired thrombocytopenia caused by autoantibodies against platelet antigens.

Immune Thrombocytopenia Relapse in Patients Who Received mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines.

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a blood disorder in which antibodies coating platelets cause platelet destruction in the spleen with a resultant low platelet count and an increased tendency for bleeding. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an illness caused by SARS-CoV-2. Though pneumonia and respiratory failure are major causes of morbidity and mortality, multisystemic complications were identified, including hematological ones.

Congenital Methemoglobinemia: First Confirmed Case in the Arab Population with a Novel Variant in the Gene in the State of Qatar: A Case Report.

Methemoglobinemia (MetHb) is a rare hematological condition characterized by high methemoglobin levels in the blood. It happens when hemoglobin is oxidized, resulting in hypoxia and cyanosis, which may occur in inherited or acquired forms. Inherited or congenital methemoglobinemia is a rare autosomal recessive condition and has never been reported in the Arab population.

Radioactive Iodine-Induced Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in a Patient With Graves' Disease: A Case Report.

Therapy-related leukemia is an increasing concern in hematology. One of these substances that showed to increase the incidence of leukemia is radioactive iodine (RAI). We report here a case of radioactive iodine-induced chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in a patient with Graves' disease, although most cases in the literature were for thyroid cancer.

Cost savings and cost avoidance with the inpatient clinical pharmacist interventions in a tertiary cancer care hospital.

Background: The economic benefit of the clinical pharmacist's role in ensuring the optimum use of medicines is potentially considerable, particularly when it comes to cancer management. We sought to evaluate the overall economic impact of clinical pharmacist interventions in the main cancer setting in Qatar.

Methods: The total economic benefit of the clinical pharmacy interventions were analyzed from the public hospital perspective.

The effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitor for chronic myeloid leukemia in tuberous sclerosis. A case report and review of literature.

The relationship between chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and tuberous sclerosis (TS) is unusual and uncommon. Here, we report a 24-year-old woman diagnosed with TS and later identified with CML, as the second case reported with such coexistence, treated with Nilotinib. This article proposes a hypothesis to explain the association.

A Challenging Case of a Patient With Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura on Eltrombopag Who Developed Atrial Fibrillation: An Anticoagulation Dilemma.

A 61-year-old female, who was a known case of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) on eltrombopag, was admitted for atrial fibrillation (AF). Labs showed a platelet count of 116 × 10/µL. AF reverted to sinus rhythm by cardioversion.

Polatuzumab Vedotin in a Patient with Refractory Burkitt Lymphoma, a Case Report.

Although Burkitt lymphoma is considered a curable disease due to the progress made in choosing the most effective first-line therapy, relapsed or refractory Burkitt lymphoma (BL) has a very poor outcome. There is a lack of data supporting the treatment regimens. We report a 48-year-old male with stage II Burkitt's lymphoma with no response to the first line of high-intensity chemotherapy.

Myocardial Infarction as an Initial Presentation of Essential Thrombocythemia With Calreticulin (CALR) Mutation (None Type 1, None Type 2).

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is one of the classical Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms with different mutations that can be associated with it, like Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), myeloproliferative leukemia protein (MPL), and Calreticulin (CALR) (types 1 and 2). However, there is a lack in the literature concerning other types of CALR mutations and their clinical significance and prognosis. Here we report a 42-year-old male with type 2 diabetes who presented with an inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction and thrombocytosis.

Delayed Diagnosis of Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis as the Cause of Unexplained Skin Rash: A Case Report.

Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous group of disorders in which mast cells exhibit clonal proliferation that infiltrates one or more organs. In cutaneous mastocytosis, the mast cells infiltrate the skin only, whereas systemic mastocytosis is diagnosed when at least one extra-cutaneous site is involved, with or without the skin being affected. Given the rarity of mastocytosis and the fact that skin rash can be a manifestation of different conditions and many clinicians are not familiar with this disorder, an accurate diagnosis may be delayed.

The Impact of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors on Fatherhood in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Mixed-Method Study.

Introduction: Multiple studies have demonstrated that tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) exert a significant extent of control over chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), as evidenced by studies such as the population-based Swedish CML registry, which found that patients reaching age 70 had a relative survival rate close to one when compared to the general population. Consequently, new perspectives on the safety of treatments have emerged, particularly in the context of their impact on fatherhood in men. According to the authors, this is the first study to examine the effect of TKIs on fatherhood in CML patients.

Myeloid Sarcoma Mimicking Dental Abscess in a Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy that has significant improvement in its prognosis after the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Transformation to accelerated phase or blast phase can happen. Myeloid sarcoma or chloroma is an uncommon extramedullary disease.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Variant in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: A Single Center Experience.

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the viral agent responsible for the coronavirus disease of 2019. The disease is primarily a respiratory illness; however, multisystem involvement is not uncommon. The infection is reported to be more severe in patients with multiple comorbidities and immunocompromised patients.

The Outcome of Fatherhood in Patients With Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Single-Institution Experience.

Background Fertility is a highly complex subject; it involves more than one individual and has profound psychological and economic implications. Moreover, it is affected by several factors, including age, significant systemic illness in either partner, exposure to environmental toxins, medications, or radiation. In patients with malignancy, fertility is more complicated.

A Case Series of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Patients With Acute Leukemia.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory viral illness caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease often presents with non-specific symptoms, including fever, and fatigue, usually associated with respiratory symptoms (eg., cough) and other systemic involvement.

Tumor Lysis Syndrome in the Chronic Phase of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Following COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report.

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a hematological emergency. This syndrome is characterized by metabolic derangements such as hyperkalemia and hypocalcemia, which result from rapid lysis of cells, especially rapidly growing tumors, after the initiation of chemotherapy. It is rarely seen in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and has not been previously reported to be triggered by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.