Increased plasma DYRK1A with aging may protect against neurodegenerative diseases.

Early markers are needed for more effective prevention of Alzheimer's disease. We previously showed that individuals with Alzheimer's disease have decreased plasma DYRK1A levels compared to controls. We assessed DYRK1A in the plasma of cognitively healthy elderly volunteers, individuals with either Alzheimer's disease (AD), tauopathies or Down syndrome (DS), and in lymphoblastoids from individuals with DS.

Current Fat Grafting Practices and Preferences: A Survey from Members of ISPRES.

Unlabelled: Fat grafting has established its niche in a wide spectrum of aesthetic and reconstructive procedures. A consensus-based method of harvest, processing, enrichment, injection, and assessment is lacking, despite the rising trends in its application. We conducted a survey among plastic surgeons to evaluate and identify trends of fat grafting practices.

Stratified genetic analysis reveals sex differences in MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Objective: To identify and genetically characterize subgroups of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV) based on sex and ANCA subtype.

Methods: A previously established SNP dataset derived from DNA sequencing of 1853 genes and genotyping of 1088 Scandinavian cases with AAV and 1589 controls was stratified for sex and ANCA subtype and analysed for association with five top AAV SNPs. rs9274619, a lead variant at the HLA-DQB1/HLA-DQA2 locus previously associated with AAV positive for myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, was analysed for association with the cumulative disease involvement of ten different organ systems.

Bacterial cellulase production via co-fermentation of paddy straw and Litchi waste and its stability assessment in the presence of ZnMg mixed-phase hydroxide-based nanocomposite derived from Litchi chinensis seeds.

Co-fermentation via co-cultured bacterial microorganisms to develop enzymes in solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a promising approach. This strategy is imperative in a series of sustainable and effective approaches due to superior microbial growth and the use of a combination of inexpensive feedstocks for enzyme production wherein mutually participating enzyme-producing microbial communities are employed. Moreover, the addition of nanomaterials to this technique may aid in its prominent advantage of enhancing enzyme production.

Unilateral synchronous masses of the neck revealing a malignant Carotid Body Tumor: A case report and literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Paraganglioma (PG); also known as Glomus Tumor, is a rare neoplastic entity that originates from neural crest cells. It can manifest in different patterns, chiefly benign but others are locally invasive and malignant in behavior. Due to the prevalence of other more common types of neck masses and Paraganglioma's exceeding rarity, misdiagnoses can easily take place, and this results in higher patient morbidity and mortality rates.

Enhancement of Film Cooling Effectiveness in a Supersonic Nozzle.

Film cooling as applied to rocket nozzles is analyzed numerically with emphasis on the assessment of the effect of the mixing of coolant with the hot stream. Cooling performance, as characterized by cooling effectiveness, is studied for three different coolants in the three-dimensional, turbulent flow field of a supersonic convergent-divergent nozzle operating with a hot stream temperature of 2500 K over a range of blowing ratios. The coolant stream is injected tangentially into the mainstream using a diffuser-type injector.

Identification of new oxospiro chromane quinoline-carboxylate antimalarials that arrest parasite growth at ring stage.

Malaria still threatens half the globe population despite successful Artemisinin-based combination therapy. One of the reasons for our inability to eradicate malaria is the emergence of resistance to current antimalarials. Thus, there is a need to develop new antimalarials targeting proteins.

Management of Through-and-Through Oromandibular Defects after Segmental Mandibulectomy with Fibula Osteocutaneous Flap.

Background:  Oromandibular defects involving the external skin are a reconstructive challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the use of the fibula osteocutaneous free flap (FOCFF) for through-and-through oromandibular defects by comparing the surgical outcomes and complications of different techniques to close the external skin defect.

Methods:  A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients who underwent reconstruction of through-and-through oromandibular defects after oncologic segmental mandibulectomy between January 2011 and December 2014.

EULAR recommendations for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis: 2022 update.

Background: Since the publication of the EULAR recommendations for the management of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in 2016, several randomised clinical trials have been published that have the potential to change clinical care and support the need for an update.

Methods: Using EULAR standardised operating procedures, the EULAR task force undertook a systematic literature review and sought opinion from 20 experts from 16 countries. We modified existing recommendations and created new recommendations.

Intravascular Ultrasound Versus Computed Tomography Angiography in Sizing and Operative Management of Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair.

Objectives: An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially life-threatening condition, the management of which has dramatically evolved over the past 2 decades with an increasing tendency toward endovascular repair (EVAR) rather than open surgical repair. Classically, contrast-enhanced multislice computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) is performed preoperatively for procedure sizing and EVAR planning. This entails voluminous contrast injection with risk of allergic reaction, nephropathy, and radiation exposure.

Adaptive fuzzy-based stability control and series impedance correction for the grid-tied inverter.

The regenerative braking in the tram allows the energy to be returned to the power grid through a power inverter. Since the inverter location between the tram and the power grid is not fixed, resulting in a wide variety of impedance networks at grid coupling points, posing a severe threat to the stable operation of the grid-tied inverter (GTI). By independently changing the loop characteristics of the GTI, the adaptive fuzzy PI controller (AFPIC) can adjust according to different impedance network parameters.

Isolated cardiac involvement of a primary myeloid sarcoma: a case report of an unusual cause of pulmonary oedema.

Background: Myeloid sarcoma, also known as chloroma, is a pathologic diagnosis for an extramedullary proliferation of blasts of one or more of the myeloid lineages. It is an uncommon manifestation of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), although the diagnosis may occur prior to or after diagnosis of AML. Cardiac infiltration by myeloid sarcoma is extremely rare, and of the few published cases, a diagnosis of leukaemia was almost always already present.

Stable incidence but increase in prevalence of ANCA-associated vasculitis in southern Sweden: a 23-year study.

Objective: To update the epidemiology of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) in a defined geographical area of southern Sweden.

Methods: The study area comprised 14 municipalities with a combined adult population (≥18 years) of 623 872 in 2019. All cases diagnosed with AAV in 1997-2019 in the study area were included in the estimate of incidence.

Characterization of perioperative glycemic status and dexamethasone use with associated postoperative complications in glioblastoma patients.

Purpose: Postoperative morbidity in glioblastoma (GBM) patients can be due to the disease course but can also come from postoperative complications. Our objective was to study the association of dexamethasone use and perioperative hyperglycemia with postoperative complications in GBM patients.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients who underwent surgery for primary GBM from 2014-2018.

Cluster analysis of plasma cytokines identifies two unique endotypes of children with asthma in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Children with life-threatening asthma exacerbations who are admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are a heterogeneous group with poorly studied inflammatory features. We hypothesized that distinct clusters of children with asthma in a PICU would be identified based on differences in plasma cytokine levels and that these clusters would have differing underlying inflammation and asthma outcomes within 1 year. Plasma cytokines and differential gene expression were measured in neutrophils isolated from children admitted to a PICU for asthma.

Effectiveness of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma (CCP) During the Pandemic Era: A Literature Review.

Worldwide pandemic with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). As November 2, 2022, World Health Organization (WHO) received 628,035,553 reported incidents on COVID-19, with 6,572,800 mortalities and, with a total 12,850,970,971 vaccine doses have been delivered as of October 31, 2022. The infection can cause mild or self-limiting symptoms of pulmonary and severe infections or death may be caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Effect of Methacrylic Acid Monomer on UV-Grafted Polyethersulfone Forward Osmosis Membrane.

UV irradiation is one of the procedures that has been considered for membrane surface graft polymerization. It is commonly utilized for enhancing the wettability of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. In this research study, the monomer methacrylic acid (MAA) was used for the UV grafting process of a commercial NF2 PES membrane for the preparation of a forward osmosis (FO) membrane.

Deep Neural Network for EEG Signal-Based Subject-Independent Imaginary Mental Task Classification.

Background: Mental task identification using electroencephalography (EEG) signals is required for patients with limited or no motor movements. A subject-independent mental task classification framework can be applied to identify the mental task of a subject with no available training statistics. Deep learning frameworks are popular among researchers for analyzing both spatial and time series data, making them well-suited for classifying EEG signals.

Decoration of polylactic acid on graphene oxide for efficient adsorption of methylene blue and tetracycline.

Decorating nanomaterials on graphene oxide (GO) can enhance its adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of water pollutants. In this study, for the first time, nano-sized polylactic acid (PLA) has been successfully decorated on the surface of GO through a facile synthesis approach. The adsorptive efficiency of GO-PLA for removing methylene blue (MB) and tetracycline (TC) from an aqueous solution was examined.

Leverage of mHealth integration in Maternal and child health services and COVID-19 Pandemic.

The growing use of mobile phones has enabled potential mobile health users to respond to various healthcare crises, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. In low- and middle-income countries where people lack access to basic healthcare, various "mHealth" interventions have been proven effective. In addition, it would facilitate public health researchers in developing new ways to improve the sustainability of MNCH programmes during emergencies or public health alerts.

A simplified technique for correction of complete ptosis secondary to palpebral neurofibromatosis.

Purpose: To present a simplified technique in management of complete ptosis secondary to neurofibromatosis.

Methods: This prospective, non-comparative, clinical interventional study included 13 patients with complete ptosis secondary to histologically proved plexiform neurofibromas. It was conducted at the Orbital Unit of Assiut University Hospital, the referral center of Upper Egypt in the period between June 2013 and October 2021.

The genetic landscape of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Kuwait.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common renal monogenic disease, characterized by bilateral accumulation of renal fluid-filled cysts leading to progressive renal volume enlargement and gradual impairment of kidney function, often resulting in end-stage renal disease. Kuwait could provide valuable genetic insights about ADPKD, including intrafamilial phenotypic variation, given its large household size. This study aims to provide a comprehensive description of the pathogenic variants linked to ADPKD in the Kuwaiti population using multiple genetic analysis modalities and to describe and analyse the ADPKD phenotypic spectrum in terms of kidney function, kidney volume and renal survival.