Numerical investigating the impact of fluid properties and oscillation frequency on micro mixer efficiency.

In this research, the impact of differing densities and viscosities of two dissolving fluids on their mixing efficiency, as well as the effects of various excitation frequencies on the performance of the mixer, have been examined. For this purpose, a two-dimensional microchannel equipped with an oscillating circular cylinder was used, operating within a Strouhal number range of 0.1-0.

mTOR Inhibition and T-DM1 in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.

Unlabelled: In patients with trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer, the combination of everolimus (mTORC1 inhibitor) with trastuzumab failed to show a clinically significant benefit. However, the combination of mTOR inhibition and the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) remains unexplored. We tested T-DM1 plus everolimus in a broad panel of HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines.

Preclinical and Clinical Characterization of Fibroblast-derived Neuregulin-1 on Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab Activity in HER2-positive Breast Cancer.

Purpose: To characterize expression of neuregulin-1 (NRG1), an HER3 ligand, in HER2-positive breast cancer and its relation with the efficacy of trastuzumab with or without pertuzumab.

Experimental Design: Characterization of NRG1 expression in tumor cell lines, in tumor specimens, and in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Patient-derived CAFs were used to investigate NRG1 impact on the activity of trastuzumab with or without pertuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer cells.

Targeted metabolomics in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination of acidic metabolites in cancer research.

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues play an irreplaceable role in cancer research. Although extensive research has been conducted for the detection of DNA, RNA and proteins in FFPE samples, literature dealing with the FFPE determination of small molecules is scarce. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential of targeted metabolomics in FFPE specimens.

Evaluation of testis hormonal and histopathological alterations in type I and type II diabetic rats.

Background: Diabetes is a devastating metabolic disease that causes long-term damage to various organs. An important leading complication of diabetes is a degenerative effect on the reproductive system including infertility and gonadal dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of experimental type I and II diabetes on the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone.

Defective Cyclin B1 Induction in Trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) Acquired Resistance in HER2-positive Breast Cancer.

Trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) is a standard treatment in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. However, resistance inevitably occurs. We aimed to identify mechanisms of acquired T-DM1 resistance.

Non-canonical NF-κB pathway activation predicts outcome in borderline oestrogen receptor positive breast carcinoma.

Background: NF-κB signalling appears deregulated in breast tumours. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the non-canonical NF-κB pathway, is activated in oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, to identify any correlation between its activity and the clinico-pathological phenotype and to explore whether NF-κB2 and RelB subunits and/or any of their target genes might be used as a predictive marker.

Methods: Two independent cohorts of ER+ early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy were included in the study.

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition enhances trastuzumab antitumour activity in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer.

Aim: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have shown promising results in Breast Cancer (BRCA) deficient breast cancer, but not in molecularly unselected patient populations. Two lines of research in this field are needed: the identification of novel subsets of patients that could potentially benefit from PARP inhibitors and the discovery of suitable targeted therapies for combination strategies.

Methods: We tested PARP inhibition, alone or combined with the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab on HER2+ breast cancer.

IL-17A concentration of seminal plasma and follicular fluid in infertile men and women with various clinical diagnoses.

Seminal plasma and follicular fluid (FF) cytokine analysis are valuable tools for diagnoses and validation of therapeutic approaches for improving the chance of conception. Despite the initial discovery over a decade ago, the IL-17 family has not received much attention in the case of infertility. In this study, we analyzed the level of IL-17A in seminal plasma, follicular fluid and blood serum of infertile patients with different clinical diagnoses by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Effects of selenium, calcium and calcium ionophore on human oocytes in vitro maturation in a chemically defined medium.

Background: In vitro maturation (IVM) of human oocytes is an emerging procedure quickly incorporated into the world of assisted reproductive technologies. As an effective method of in vitro maturation, several studies have reported the critical role of differentions on activating the complex process involved in both gamete maturation and fertilization.

Objective: In this study, we supplemented a chemically defined medium with different combinations of selenium, calcium and calcium ionophore concentrations to obtain the best rate of human oocytes maturation, survival, and fertilization.