NEONATAL HYDROMETROCOLPOS: CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACH.

Hydrometrocolpos (HMC) is a rare pediatric condition characterized by significant enlargement of the uterus and vagina due to the accumulation of fluid, generally caused by a blockage in the lower vagina. This disorder typically presents in newborns with the retention of normal genital tract secretions. The following case report highlights the clinical features, diagnostic process, and treatment of HMC in a newborn.

Prescribing Patterns of Antibiotics in Pediatric Wards of Secondary Care Centers: A Retrospective Study Based on WHO AWaRe Classification.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global public health, with substantial mortality rates attributed to AMR-related infections. Pediatric populations face heightened vulnerability due to prevalent antimicrobial misuse. This study aimed at addressing the significant threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its associated mortality rates.

A Nationwide Survey Following the Devastating 2022 Floods in Pakistan: Current State of Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception Toward Climate Change and Its Health Consequences.

Background:  Climate change (CC) persists as a critical public health concern, vividly demonstrated by Pakistan's severe unprecedented flooding from June to October 2022. The interplay between floods and CC highlights the urgent need to comprehend their complex dynamics. Given Pakistan's significant geographical vulnerability to CC events, assessing public awareness of CC becomes essential.

Multidisciplinary management of necrotizing fasciitis as a postoperative complication after mastectomy in an adult male in a low- and middle-income country.

Necrotizing fasciitis, a rare, potentially life-threatening infection, often necessitates urgent medical intervention and surgical excision of the affected tissue. We present a 55-year-old male patient with a progressively enlarging lump in the left breast that was diagnosed as a breast carcinoma. Post-modified radical mastectomy, histopathological examination revealed Grade II invasive ductal carcinoma with neuroendocrine features.

A global systematic review and meta-analysis on the emerging evidence on risk factors, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A).

Background: The multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) has emerged, similar to those in children associated with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) [multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)]. This review aimed to analyze the risk factors, clinical course, and prognosis of MIS-A.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using several databases for cases reporting MIS-A from 1 December 2019 till 9 September 2021.

Health and Immune Boosting Techniques of General Adult Pakistani Population: A KAP Study.

Objective: To discover Pakistani adult population's perception about their general health, immune status and knowledge regarding immunity, and to highlight their efforts to improve it.

Methods: The knowledge-attitude-practice study was conducted from January to May 2021, after approval ethics review committee of the Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised individuals of either gender from the community aged 18 years or more and not suffering from any physical disability or mental illness. Data was collected using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire that was disseminated through online platforms.

Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Ependymomas in Adults: A Systematic Review.

Background: Intramedullary spinal cord ependymomas (IMSCEs) are rare tumors that mostly occur in adults. Management strategies and related outcomes are heterogeneously reported across the literature, demanding a comprehensive analysis to standardize guidelines. We performed a systematic review of the literature on IMSCEs.

Collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis secondary to COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: The renal system manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019 have been documented extensively; however, scientific literature remains scarce regarding collapsing glomerulopathy hence the need for this investigation.

Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted covering a timeline from 1 January 2020 to 5 February 2022 without any restrictions. The data extraction was conducted independently, and articles were assessed for the risk of bias.

Central neurocytomas: research trends, most cited papers, and scientometrics analysis to date.

Central neurocytoma is the most common primary intraventricular tumor in adults being classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a benign grade II tumor with a good prognosis. Given the recent advances with regard to this tumor, a bibliometric analysis was due to study the future direction of research for neurocytomas. A comprehensive Elsevier's Scopus database search was performed to capture all published and indexed studies to date relevant to neurocytoma.

The Clinical Manifestations and Efficacy of Different Treatments Used for Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis: A Systematic Review.

Aim: Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a rare disorder that occurs in association majorly with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The lack of collective quantitative data on its clinical manifestations and the different treatment options' efficacy, call the need for our investigation.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted covering a timeline from inception up to July 2022 without any restrictions.

Demographic Factors, Conspiracy Theories, and Beliefs Associated With COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Pakistani Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction The coverage of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) immunization uptake has been impacted by the acceptance of regular vaccine uptake and, like many other vaccination attempts in the past, it also faces issues of vaccine hesitancy. Through this study, we hoped to assess the conspiracy theories and beliefs attached to the COVID-19 vaccination efforts in Pakistan Methods This study was conducted among the general population of Pakistan, aged 16 and above, from April 29 to May 29, 2021. The data was collected through English and Urdu questionnaires by a method of convenient sampling.

Neonatal Appendicitis With Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Acute appendicitis is an infrequent condition in neonates, especially in term infants. With around 100 cases in the last century and no specific diagnostic tool, this case report is an addition to the existing literature that helps in our understanding of the disease. A preterm infant who had greenish aspirates and dilated bowel loops on abdominal x ray and was treated on the lines of necrotizing enterocolitis failed to improve.

Budding Medical Professionals And Covid-19: The Impact Of Covid-19 On Mental Health And Medical Students.

Background: Due to the Novel Coronavirus Disease, medical education has transformed from a physical to an online-medium. The importance of physical education in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), where online education can be challenging there is a need to explore the factors that affect online education. This study assesses the perspective and mental health of students whose medical education has been impacted by the pandemic.

Predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients following left ventricular assist device implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Our study aims to provide a more holistic understanding of the available data and predictive risk factors for gastrointestinal bleed (GIB). We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science Core Collection and calculated relative risk and meta-regression was utilized to evaluate for risk factors in order to assess the effect of covariates. Our meta-analysis reported a pooled prevalence rate of GIB of 24.

New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus Secondary to COVID-19 Infection in Adults: A Systematic Review.

Background: New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) has been reported in the scientific literature as a phenomenon associated with the COVID-19 infection. Given the resurgence of the newer variants of COVID-19 added with its multi-system manifestations, this project was conducted to study the clinical picture of NORSE secondary to COVID-19 infection.

Methods: Three electronic databases were searched using an extensive search strategy from November 2019 to December 2021.

New-onset Parkinsonism as a Covid-19 infection sequela: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There remains a scarcity of literature regarding COVID-19 and its neurological sequelae. This study highlights Parkinsonism as a post-COVID-19 sequela and helps us understand a possible link between the two.

Methods: A literature search covering relevant databases was conducted for studies reporting the development of Parkinsonism in patients recovering from COVID-19 infection.

Residual symptoms and the quality of life in individuals recovered from COVID-19 infection: A survey from Pakistan.

Background: There remains scarcity of literature regarding the patient's health status post-COVID-19 infection. This study analyzes the prevalence of residual symptoms and quality of life (QoL) after COVID-19.

Methods: An anonymous online survey was administrated in Pakistan from November 2020 to April 2021 in COVID-19 survivors.

The mystery of COVID-19 reinfections: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic rages on, reports on disparities in vaccine roll out alongside COVID-19 reinfection have been emerging. We conducted a systematic review to assess the determinants and disease spectrum of COVID-19 reinfection.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search covering relevant databases was conducted for observational studies reporting Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) confirmed infection and reinfection cases.

Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine in Pakistan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is available across various countries worldwide, with public-private partnerships ensuring all individuals are vaccinated through a phased approach. Irrespective of the geographical spread, several myths pertaining to the COVID-19 vaccine have stemmed, ultimately limiting the national administration of vaccines and rollouts. This study assessed the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among the general public in Pakistan.

Global surgery initiatives for collaborative surgical education and research.

As technology advances, sharing data instantaneously is becoming easier than ever and opportunities for international collaborations are becoming more and more easily available on a virtual level. Amongst the numerous areas of expertise that could benefit from this development, surgery stands out to be an esoteric one given the challenges faced as one embarks on collaboration in surgical education and research. Herein, we delve into the challenges faced when such international collaborations are attempted and provide insight as to how different areas across the globe could collaborate to improve outcomes in surgical education and research.

Who is at a Higher Risk? A brief review of Recent Evidence on comorbidities in children infected with COVID-19.

COVID-19 has affected both adults and children with variable presentations and disease severity. Children can present with mild symptoms of fever, cough and shortness of breath, and rapidly progress to severe pneumonia, requiring mechanical ventilation. This population includes children who are younger than one year and older adolescents who have an underlying comorbidity-specifically immunosuppression or prior cardio-respiratory infections.

COVID-19: a look into the modern age pandemic.

Aim: COVID-19 presents as a pandemic requiring the utmost attention from the world, especially the healthcare sector. This review intends to discuss the symptoms, prevention, and management carried out related to the coronavirus, while also providing the healthcare provider strategies used by different countries in combating the disease.

Subject And Methods: This study was conducted over a period of 2 weeks where different sources were used to assess the ongoing situation regarding COVID-19.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Nurses in Pakistan Towards Diabetic Foot.

Introduction Diabetic foot ulcers are a pressing complication of diabetes mellitus. Wound care requires a significant proportion of healthcare resources. It is imperative, therefore, for healthcare professionals to possess sound knowledge of the disease along with a positive attitude to ensure better clinical practice.

Hematological evaluation of splenomegaly.

Objective: To find out the relative frequency of clinical conditions associated with splenomegaly that require hematological evaluation in our set up.

Design: Cross sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, Balochistan, from July 2000 to July 2003.