Gargantuan carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular gland: Case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common neoplasm of the major salivary glands, and can undergo malignant transformation to carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) in untreated patients.

Case Presentation: Our case describes a 56-year-old male with a 15-year history of slowly growing expansive right-sided neck. He underwent excision of the neck mass, neck dissection, and pectoralis flap reconstruction.

Impact of smoking on donor site following rectus flap harvest for head and neck reconstruction.

Objectives: The rectus abdominis myocutaneous free flap has been widely used as a reconstructive option in head and neck reconstruction with great success. Challenging the popular assumption, this study sought to examine the effects of smoking on donor site complications in this population.

Methods: Multi-institution retrospective study of 103 patients (50 active smokers, 28 former and 25 never smoked).

The Use of Patient-Specific Orbital Reconstruction Implants During Maxillectomy Reconstruction.

Reconstruction of the orbital floor after maxillectomy can result in significant functional and aesthetic morbidity. To measure eyelid position, self-reported visual outcomes, and complications in patients undergoing concurrent maxillectomy and reconstruction with a patient-specific orbital reconstruction implant (PSORI). Case series.

Telemedicine in Otolaryngology During COVID-19: An Exploratory Assessment of Provider and Patient Attitudes.

Objective: To determine provider and patient attitudes toward telemedicine in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS).

Methods: Otolaryngology practitioners conducting outpatient clinics at an academic tertiary referral center were provided with a pre-Study Provider Perception Questionnaire (pre-PPQ) designed to evaluate pre-study perception of telemedicine in otolaryngology. A post-study Provider Perception Questionnaire (post-PPQ) designed to evaluate elements similar to those constituting the PrePPQ was completed at 6 weeks.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks From the Lateral Ventricle: A Case Series.

Objectives: Describe the diagnosis and management of lateral skull base (LSB) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks originating from the lateral ventricle.

Study Design: Retrospective case review.

Setting: Tertiary referral academic center.

Sarcopenia is associated with blood transfusions in head and neck cancer free flap surgery.

Objective: To determine if sarcopenia is a predictor of blood transfusion requirements in head and neck cancer free flap reconstruction (HNCFFR).

Methods: A single-institution, retrospective review was performed of HNCFFR patients with preoperative abdominal imaging from 2014 to 2019. Demographics, comorbidities (modified Charlson Comorbidity Index [mCCI]), skeletal muscle index (cm/m), oncologic history, intraoperative data, and 30-day postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo score [CD]) were collected.

Surgical Management of Cervical Non-seminomatous Germ Cell Tumor Metastases.

Objective/hypothesis: Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy of young males. Limited reports describe perioperative and long-term outcomes after surgical resection of metastatic, cervical, non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of cervical lymphadenectomy in the management of metastatic NSGCT.

Skeletal Muscle Index's Impact on Discharge Disposition After Head and Neck Cancer Free Flap Reconstruction.

Objective: To determine the role of skeletal muscle index (SMI) in the assessment of frailty and determination of discharge to post-acute care facilities (PACF) after head and neck cancer free flap reconstruction (HNCFFR).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Single-institution, academic tertiary referral center.

Use of Adenosine to Facilitate Localization and Repair of Internal Carotid Artery Injury during Skull Base Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Internal carotid artery (ICA) injuries represent a rare, potentially fatal complication of endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery (EESBS). The use of adenosine to induce transient hypotension and facilitate management of high-flow, high-pressure arterial lesions has been well-documented in neuro-endovascular literature. A similar setting in which adenosine-induced hypotension may prove beneficial is during the management of major vascular injury encountered during EESBS.

Readability of Printed Online Education Materials on Pituitary Tumors: Untangling a Web of Complexity.

Background: Patients are increasingly turning to the internet for health education. Due to the complex pathophysiology, clinic-diagnostic profile, and management spectrum of pituitary tumors, an evaluation of the readability of printed online education materials (POEMs) regarding this entity is warranted.

Objective: (1) To apply established readability assessment tools to internet search results on the topic of pituitary tumors.

Middle Cranial Fossa Repair of Temporal Bone Spontaneous CSF Leaks With Hydroxyapatite Bone Cement.

Objectives: To determine the safety and effectiveness of the middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach in repairing spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leaks.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Patient with sCSF leaks repaired by MCF approach between January 1, 2014 and August 31, 2019 were included.

Telehealth Opportunities for the Otolaryngologist: A Silver Lining During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The utilization of telemedicine has seen a relatively slow progression over the past 50 years in the US health care system. Technological challenges limiting the ease of use of robust video platforms have been a major factor. Additionally, the perception by many health care providers that telehealth is reserved for only the rural population or that it provides limited value due to the inability to perform in-depth physical examinations contributes to the slow adoption.

Evaluation of the Quality of Printed Online Education Materials in Cosmetic Facial Plastic Surgery.

In the modern-day health care environment, it is expected that a large proportion of patients will utilize the Internet to gather health care-related information. However, online sources are often not subjected to adequate quality control measures. To evaluate the quality of printed online education materials (POEMs) pertaining to elective facial cosmetic surgery.

Low Misrepresentation Rates of Scholarly Work in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Residency Applications.

Objectives To evaluate research trends, including rates of misrepresentation of scholarly work, in otolaryngology residency applications received by a single institution during the 2018-2019 residency application cycle. Methods After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval, all residency applications to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN for the 2018-2019 cycle were de-identified and analyzed. Demographic and research information including the number of listed peer-reviewed articles/abstracts, types of research projects, and misrepresentations were retrospectively evaluated.

Facing Facts: Facial Injuries from Stand-up Electric Scooters.

Background Stand-up electric scooters (SES) are a popular public transportation method. Numerous safety concerns have arisen since their recent introduction. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients presenting to the emergency departments in Indianapolis, who sustained SES-related injuries.

Impact of Sarcopenia on Outcomes of Autologous Head and Neck Free Tissue Reconstruction.

Background:  Sarcopenia has been implicated as a positive predictor of postsurgical complications. Its role in head and neck (H&N) free flap reconstruction has yet to be examined. Our study aimed to determine the clinical impact of sarcopenia on postoperative outcomes in patients receiving autologous free tissue reconstruction for H&N cancer (HNC).

Indiscriminate Pathologic Examination of Pediatric Supraglottoplasty Specimens: An Evidence-Based Approach toward Exempt Status.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to demonstrate that indiscriminate pathologic evaluation of supraglottoplasty specimens is unnecessary and does not influence postoperative management. The secondary objective was to determine the costs associated with pathologic evaluation of supraglottoplasty specimens.

Methods: A planned chart review was conducted to evaluate data from consecutive patients undergoing supraglottoplasty.

Understandability and actionability of audiovisual patient education materials on sinusitis.

Background: Acute and chronic rhinosinusitis are debilitating diseases that affect from 5% to 16% of the population. YouTube is the second most commonly used search engine and is often utilized by patients to garner health information regarding various disease processes and their respective management options. An evaluation of these information resources for quality and reliability is warranted, especially in an era in which patients are increasingly turning to audiovisual (A/V) media to educate themselves regarding their ailments.

Manifestations of Pediatric Extranodal Rosai Dorfman Disease in the head and neck.

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the clinico-diagnostic profile and management outcomes of otorhinolaryngologic manifestations of Extranodal Rosai-Dorfman Disease (ENRDD) in the pediatric population.

Methods: The search terms Rosai Dorfman Disease and Sinus Histiocytosis were used to query PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Scopus databases from inception through September 30, 2018. Studies were systematically reviewed in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol.

An Appraisal of Printed Online Education Materials on Spasmodic Dysphonia.

Objective: The use of the Internet for seeking health-related information has increased exponentially. We aimed to comprehensively appraise the readability, understandability, actionability, and quality of printed online education materials (POEMs) pertaining to Spasmodic Dysphonia (SD).

Study Design: Descriptive, correlational study.

Validity testing of a three-dimensionally printed endoscopic sinonasal surgery simulator.

Objectives/hypothesis: To assess the face, content, construct, and concurrent validity of the PHACON Sinonasal Surgery Simulator (SNSS).

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: A total of 12 otolaryngology residents were recruited to perform sinonasal surgery on the simulator followed by cadaveric heads.

Complications, Mortality, and Functional Decline in Patients 80 Years or Older Undergoing Major Head and Neck Ablation and Reconstruction.

Importance: Data regarding outcomes after major head and neck ablation and reconstruction in the growing geriatric population (specifically ≥80 years of age) are limited. Such information would be extremely valuable in preoperative discussions with elderly patients about their surgical risks and expected functional outcomes.

Objectives: To identify patient and surgical factors associated with 30-day postoperative complications, 90-day mortality, and 90-day functional decline; to explore whether an association exists between the type of reconstructive procedure and outcome; and to create a preoperative risk stratification system for these outcomes.

A Systematic Review of Sellar and Parasellar Brown Tumors: An Analysis of Clinical, Diagnostic, and Management Profiles.

Objective: To systematically review and analyze clinical, diagnostic, and management trends in sellar and parasellar brown tumors reported in existing literature.

Methods: In this systematic review, PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched for reported cases of sellar/parasellar brown tumors. Relevant titles and abstracts were screened in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol.

Audiologic Improvement Following MCF Approach for Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks.

Objective: To determine the audiologic improvement after middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach to repair spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leaks.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.