Gambling disorder-related illegal acts: Regression model of associated factors.

Background and aims Gambling disorder-related illegal acts (GDRIA) are often crucial events for gamblers and/or their entourage. This study was designed to determine the predictive factors of GDRIA. Methods Participants were 372 gamblers reporting at least three DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) criteria.

[Prevalence of alcoholism in primary care in the governorate of Sousse].

Background: The prevalence related to alcohol use disorders in adults is 1.7%. It varies around the world.

Towards a Validation of the Three Pathways Model of Pathological Gambling.

With the aim of validating the three pathways hypothesis of pathological gambling (Blaszczynski and Nower in Addiction 97:487-499, 2002) 372 pathological gamblers meeting DSM IV (2000) criteria were assessed via a structured clinical interview as well as being subjected to personality tests and evaluation of their gambling practices. Our results show that it is possible to identify three subgroups corresponding to the three pathways: behaviourally conditioned problem gamblers, emotionally vulnerable problem gamblers and antisocial impulsivist problem gamblers. Our results particularly demonstrate that impulsivist gamblers preferentially choose semi-skilful gambling (horse racing and sports gambling) whereas emotionally vulnerable gamblers are significantly more attracted to games of chance (one-armed bandits, scratch cards, etc.

A Gamblers Clustering Based on Their Favorite Gambling Activity.

The objective of this study was to identify profiles of gamblers to explain the choice of preferred gambling activity among both problem and non-problem gamblers. 628 non-problem and problem gamblers were assessed with a structured interview including "healthy" (sociodemographic characteristics, gambling habits and personality profile assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory-125) and "pathological" [diagnosis of pathological gambling, gambling-related cognitions (GRCs) and psychiatric comorbidity] variables. We performed a two-step cluster analysis based solely on "healthy" variables to identify gamblers' profiles which typically reflect the choice of preferred gambling activity.

Study protocol: the JEU cohort study--transversal multiaxial evaluation and 5-year follow-up of a cohort of French gamblers.

Background: There is abundant literature on how to distinguish problem gambling (PG) from social gambling, but there are very few studies of the long-term evolution of gambling practice. As a consequence, the correlates of key state changes in the gambling trajectory are still unknown. The objective of the JEU cohort study is to identify the determinants of key state changes in the gambling practice, such as the emergence of a gambling problem, natural recovery from a gambling problem, resolution of a gambling problem with intermediate care intervention, relapses or care recourse.

Is baclofen a revolutionary medication in alcohol addiction management? Review and recent updates.

Baclofen, a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor agonist, represents a promising drug in alcohol addiction management. Animal models have shown its action at various stages of the process of alcohol addiction. Moreover, initial open and randomized controlled trials have shown the efficacy of 30 mg/day baclofen on alcohol craving, intake, and relapse prevention.

A step toward an objective quantification of subtle neurological signs in schizophrenia.

Numerous reports have emphasized the value of neurological soft signs (NSS) as endophenotypic markers in schizophrenia. NSS also appear as useful prognostic predictors for functional outcome, response and tolerance to antipsychotics. Although several standardized scales have been proposed and offer fair inter-rater reliability, they still rely on the experience and accuracy of the investigators.

Association of inflammation genes with alcohol dependence/abuse: a systematic review and a meta-analysis.

The aim of the present work was to systematically review all association studies of inflammation genes with alcohol dependence/alcohol abuse (AD/AA) and to perform a meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by contrasting the ratio of counts of the 'high-risk' versus 'low-risk' alleles in AD/AA cases versus controls. Data reported in at least three published studies were available for four genetic polymorphisms [TNF-α-238 (rs361525, G/A); TNF-α-308 (rs1800629, G/A); IL-1RA (VNTR [86 bp]n); IL-10-592 (rs1800896, C/A)].