Publications by authors named "Mohamed Sheikh Hassan"

Objective: The plant known as , commonly referred to as Khat, holds significant cultural significance within the populations of East Africa and Southwestern Arabia. The objective of this study is to ascertain and assess the association between the act of chewing khat and the incidence of acute stroke.

Materials And Methods: The present study was carried out in a prospective observational manner at the Mogadishu-Somalia Turkish Training and Research Hospital.

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Introduction: Depression is one of the most common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), with an increasing prevalence in recent years. It causes significant psychological consequences that affect the disease course, overall quality of life, and functioning. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression in outpatients with Parkinson's disease evaluated in the neurology clinic at tertiary hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia.

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Emerging symmetrical limb weakness, altered sensory perception, and absent or reduced deep tendon reflexes are the hallmarks of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). There are numerous studies that indicate up to two-thirds of patients with GBS may also have autonomic dysfunction. One uncommon presenting characteristic of GBS before motor weakness is evident is paralytic ileus, a sign of gastrointestinal dysautonomia.

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Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) is an uncommon and potentially life-threatening neurological disorder that is often missed because its clinical and radiological symptoms are not specific. Snake bites are a rare cause of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis that must be recognized and treated promptly to improve survival. Here, we present a case of a 30-year-old male patient who had cerebral venous thrombosis after snake bite in the rural area of southern Somalia.

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Multiple system atrophy is a rare and quickly progressing neurological condition characterized by autonomic failure, parkinsonism, or cerebellar ataxia. It is classified into two subtypes: MSA with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P) and MSA with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C). We are presenting here a 54-year-old male with parkinsonism, ataxia, and dysarthria.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Wilson's disease (WD) is a genetic disorder that affects copper metabolism and primarily manifests with neurological symptoms in about 40% to 50% of cases, including muscle and speech problems.
  • - A case report details a 38-year-old man who showed various neurological issues, such as imbalance and tremors, leading to an evaluation of WD using the Leipzig scoring system.
  • - Diagnostic tests, including a significant increase in urine copper after a D-Penicillamine challenge, ultimately confirmed the diagnosis of WD, highlighting the importance of thorough evaluation even when typical indicators are absent.
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Sturge-Weber syndrome is a rare, sporadic, progressive neurocutaneous condition that presents with congenital hamartomatous malformations, epilepsy, and a variety of facial symptoms. We discussed a rare case of an eighteen-year-old female child who came to our neurology department with status epilepticus, mental impairment, and a port-wine in the lateral left side of her face. We diagnosed Sturge-Weber syndrome after a thorough neurological and radiological evaluation.

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Introduction: Spontaneous Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in young patients is less common and not well studied compared to ICH in older patients. The etiology, risk factors and outcome of ICH in young patients may have regional and ethnic differences. The study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, etiology and outcome of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in young adults in Somalia.

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Todd's paralysis (TP) is relatively uncommon condition that can occur immediately after an epileptic seizure. It is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome that presents with acute-onset neurological findings, such as paralysis, paresthesia, aphasia, hemianopsia, and an altered state of consciousness. This may be accompanied by cytotoxic edema on diffusion MRI.

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Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) encompasses a spectrum of disorders involving thrombosis of the cerebral venous system. As shown by previous epidemiological studies, the prevalence of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis is 4-7 cases per million people. Nephrotic syndrome was very rarely associated with thrombosis cerebral veins or sinuses.

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Mucormycosis is a potentially fatal condition with a high mortality rate, particularly when there is extra nasal involvement, and it is rare for patients with fungal brain disease to survive. It mostly affects patients who are metabolically or immunologically compromised, which constitutes one of the three classical stages of the progression of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM). Stage I: infection of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses; Stage II: orbital involvement; Stage III: cerebral involvement.

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Introduction: The door-to-balloon time, the time between a patient's arrival at the hospital and percutaneous coronary intervention, is crucial for managing myocardial infarction. Aiming for less than 90 minutes is recommended, as shortened times are associated with improved outcomes. However, limited healthcare resources, infrastructure, transportation and poverty impact management, leading to poorer outcomes and delayed door to balloon time.

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Article Synopsis
  • Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by abnormal, rapid brain activity and can be diagnosed using EEG and MRI to identify abnormalities in pediatric patients.
  • A study evaluated 102 children diagnosed with epilepsy, finding that 77.45% had abnormal EEG results and 44.1% had abnormal MRI findings, but only 33.3% had both abnormal results.
  • The results indicated no significant correlation between EEG and MRI findings, suggesting that while abnormalities exist, they may not be directly related.
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  • Myocardial infarction and cardiovascular diseases are critical health concerns in Somalia, exacerbated by conflict, lack of education, and poor healthcare infrastructure; risk factors like diabetes and hypertension are common in the population.
  • The study surveyed 313 urban residents in Mogadishu using a Somali questionnaire to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about myocardial infarction, revealing that many participants lacked awareness and education on the topic.
  • Results showed that a significant portion of respondents had inadequate knowledge about myocardial infarction, with many unable to recognize its symptoms and low engagement in healthy behaviors, highlighting a need for better education and resources.
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Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a less common type of stroke, mostly in young patients. The majority of these cases are due to thrombosis of superior sagittal sinus and transverse sinus. Isolated thrombosis of the inferior sagittal sinus is very rare.

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Intensive care for a hypertensive mother with preeclampsia or eclampsia is crucial for both maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study highlights the level of morbidity and mortality among women with preeclampsia and eclampsia admitted to the intensive care unit. .

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the leading cause of valvular heart disease in underdeveloped nations. It remains a significant public health issue in Sub-Saharan African countries. This study aimed to determine the pattern, severity, and complications of RHD in Somalia.

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Article Synopsis
  • New oral anticoagulants (NOACs), particularly apixaban, are popular for treating blood clots, being safer than warfarin but still carrying a risk of spontaneous bleeding.
  • An 81-year-old man with heart failure developed cognitive issues and right side weakness after using apixaban, leading to the discovery of a large subdural hematoma on brain imaging.
  • Despite discussions about surgery, the patient’s age and health factors led to a conservative approach, and he is now recovering with physiotherapy, highlighting the potential risks associated with apixaban.*
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  • The study investigates the relationship between pericardiac conditions and acute ischemic strokes in a cohort of 315 patients from Mogadishu, Somalia, focusing on the importance of transthoracic echocardiography for identifying potential cardiac sources of strokes.
  • Over 80% of patients had comorbidities, primarily hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, with 54% exhibiting some form of cardiac pathology; specifically, a notable percentage showed left ventricular dysfunction or hypertrophy.
  • The findings suggest that patients with both hypertension and diabetes had significantly more echocardiographic abnormalities and that these abnormalities were associated with higher mortality rates during hospitalization.
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Unlabelled: Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) meningioma is a slowly growing benign tumor of the brain that may compress adjacent neural structures. It has variable clinical presentations that progress very slowly depending on its growth pattern and associated mass effect. A sudden onset clinical presentation is unusual and should prompt consideration of other potential etiologies.

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Key Clinical Message: Bilateral thalamic infarction in paramedian artery territory may present with severe acute illness, confusion, coma and memory impairment. However, subtle clinical presentation as in our case should alert the clinician to consider such a diagnosis as it can be associated with good prognosis.

Abstract: Bilateral thalamic infarct is a rare form of stroke.

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Article Synopsis
  • Polycythemia vera (PV) is a stem cell disease leading to increased production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which can elevate stroke risk, particularly ischemic stroke.
  • A 60-year-old male patient with right-side weakness was diagnosed with an acute cerebral infarct caused by PV after lab tests and brain imaging.
  • Although rare, PV can cause ischemic strokes, emphasizing the need for healthcare professionals to recognize this potential link.
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A spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a tear that forms in a blood vessel in the heart without any obvious underlying etiology It could be a single vessel or multiple vessels. We present a 48-year-old male known to be a heavy smoker without any chronic diseases or family history of heart disease who presents to the cardiology outpatient clinic with shortness of breath and chest pain on exertion. Electrocardiography demonstrated ST depression with T wave inversion of anterior leads, while echocardiography of the patient showed left ventricular systolic dysfunction with severe mitral regurgitation and mildly dilated left chambers.

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