Short- and long-term outcomes of kidney donors: a report from Tunisia.

Kidney transplantation remains the best treatment option of end-stage renal disease. Kidney donations are of particular interest with the currently increasing practice of living-donor transplantation. The purpose of this study was to analyze retrospectively the general health status as well as renal and cardiovascular consequences of living-related kidney donation.

The effect of tobacco, XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 genetic variants in bladder cancer development.

Background: In this work, we have conducted a case-control study in order to assess the effect of tobacco and three genetic polymorphisms in XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 genes (rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655) in bladder cancer development in Tunisia. We have also tried to evaluate whether these variants affect the bladder tumor stage and grade.

Methods: The patients group was constituted of 193 newly diagnosed cases of bladder tumors.

Smoking and polymorphisms in folate metabolizing genes and their effects on the histological stage and grade for bladder tumors.

Folates are the common sources of DNA synthesis and methylation. Cigarette smoking and genetic susceptibility of folate enzymes are two suspected factors most closely associated with bladder cancer development. This study sought to determine the effect of smoking and genetic polymorphisms in folate metabolizing enzymes on the histological stage and grade of bladder tumors in Tunisian patients.

Combined analysis of smoking, TP53, and FGFR3 mutations in Tunisian patients with invasive and superficial high-grade bladder tumors.

In our cohort, FGFR3 mutations were detected in 31.1% of bladder tumors and are associated with lower stage and grade. Concerning TP53, 62 mutations were found in tumors from 44 cases (48.

Polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism pathway genes and risk for bladder cancer in a Tunisian population.

Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer. Moreover, epidemiologic studies have implicated several genetic variations interfering with methyl group metabolisms in susceptibility for a variety of cancers. Examples of these variations can be found in genes of the folate metabolic pathway, which is crucial in the provision of methyl groups for DNA, RNA, and protein methylation, as well as in purine and pyrimidine synthesis.

Combined effect of NAT2, MTR and MTHFR genotypes and tobacco on bladder cancer susceptibility in Tunisian population.

Background: Cigarette smoking is the predominant risk factor for bladder cancer. This risk may be modified by polymorphisms in carcinogens metabolism genes; including those involving the N-acetyl transferase 2 (NAT2) which have been correlated with decreased enzyme activities. Moreover, folate insufficiency can induces carcinogenesis by decreasing DNA methylation.

[Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma].

Background: Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma is an uncommon variant recently described of renal cell carcinoma.

Aim: Analyze clinicopathological features, imaging findings and prognosis and therapeutic options of this tumor.

Case Reports: The authors reported two cases of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma arising in 68 and 39-year-old men.

A case of ureteral duplication in adult presenting with symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction.

Background: Ureteral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly usually found in childhood. It manifests in various anatomic forms.

Aim: To report a case of a ureteral duplication in adult man and a review of the literature in attempt to categorize this rare entity.

[US guided biopsy in the early diagnosis of prostatic cancer. A series of 66 cases].

Aim: Our study's aim is to evaluate the reliability of digital rectal examination and serum PSA in the indication of prostatic biopsy.

Methods: 66 patients with abnormal digital rectal examination and arised PSA levels had prostatic biopsies. The sextant technique was practiced.

Combined effect of smoking and inherited polymorphisms in arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2, glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 on bladder cancer in a Tunisian population.

Cigarette smoking is the predominant risk factor for bladder cancer in males and females. The tobacco carcinogens are metabolized by various xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, such as the super-families of N-acetyltransferases (NAT) and glutathione S-transferases (GST). Polymorphisms in NAT and GST genes alter the ability of these enzymes to metabolize carcinogens.

[Systemic BCG reactions after intravesical BCG therapy. A report of four cases].

Local Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy is an effective and widely used treatment for superficial bladder carcinoma. Local side effects are frequent, whereas systemic side effects are rare, but more serious. We report four cases of systemic BCG reaction.

The role of CYP2D6*4 variant in bladder cancer susceptibility in Tunisian patients.

CYP2D6 enzyme is implicated in the metabolism of drugs and nicotine. Genetic variability within CYP2D6, results in different CYP2D6 phenotypes. Inheritance of polymorphic CYP2D6 metabolizing enzyme is likely to be an important determinant of inter-individual variations in susceptibility to cancer.

[Lumboscopic treatment of simple renal cysts].

Aim: To assess feasibility and efficiency of lumboscopy in the treatment of simple renal cysts.

Methods: We report 12 cases of patients presenting symptomatic simple renal cysts treated by lumboscopy from January 2000 to December 2004. The mean age was 57 years (43-72).

Fracture of the penis: management and long-term results of surgical treatment. Experience in 300 cases.

Background: Herein, we present the largest series of penile fracture ever published. We evaluate the clinical presentation, the outcome of the treatment and the prognosis.

Methods: We retrospectively studied patients with penile fracture treated from 1975 to 2005.

[Not Available].

Local Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy is an effective and widely used treatment for superficial bladder carcinoma. Local side effects are frequent, whereas systemic side effects are rare, but more serious. We report four cases of systemic BCG reaction.

[Laparoscopic treatment of ureteral stones. Report of 31 cases].

The Aim: To state the efficiency and the place of lumboscopy in the treatment of ureteral stones.

Methods: We report 31 cases of patients operated by lumboscopy for ureteral stones from January 2001 to December 2005. In most of cases, the indication is stone which size is higher than 15 mm.

Clinical presentation and outcome of bladder schistosoma-unrelated squamous cell carcinoma: report on 33 consecutive cases.

Background: Pure squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare entity in Western countries. The management of SCC still remains similar to that of transitional carcinoma, although it is a different entity. A retrospective review is helpful in understanding the epidemiologic aspects, pathogenesis, and treatment and prognosis of schistosoma-unrelated SCC.

[Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma: report of 3 cases].

Background: Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas are neoplasma which are best treated with complete exeresis.

Aim: We reported three new cases of retroperitoneal Leiomyosarcoma operated during last ten years.

Cases: The authors reported 3 cases of Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas in 3 patients (2 men and a woman) aged respectively 53, 55 and 57 year-old.

[Prognostic value of the immunohistochemical expression of: Ki67, p53, PCNA and Bcl2 in the superficial tumors of the bladder].

Aim: To study a serie of superficial tumors of the bladder and to assess the prognostic significance of p53, Ki67, PCNA and bcl2 in these tumors.

Methods: We studied 59 bladder tumors: 43 pTa and 16 pT1. All Patients had cystoscopy 3 months after the resection and tumors that did not recur had a minimum follow up of 5 years.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and methionine synthase polymorphisms and risk of bladder cancer in a Tunisian population.

Folate insufficiency can induce carcinogenesis by decreasing DNA methylation. It is well known that DNA hypomethylation is a common feature in a number of cancers. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase (MS) are enzymes that play central roles in the folate metabolic pathway.

[Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma. A case report].

Background: Ganlioneuroma is a rare, benign, neurogenic tumor originating from the neural sheath and frequently localized in the retroperitoneum.

Aim: Report of a new case.

Case: We report a case of a 36-year-old woman presenting isolated right lumbar pain.

[Surgical treatment of post-traumatic complete urethral rupture: deferred urgent urethral suture or delayed repair?].

Objective: To compare the results of deferred urgent surgical treatment and delayed repair in post-traumatic complete urethral rupture.

Patients And Method: Between 1986 and 2003, sixty patients were operated for complete rupture of the posterior urethra. In the absence of any serious visceral or skeletal lesions, 32 patients were operated within five to ten days (Group I).

[Emphysematous pyelonephritis. Two cases].

The emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare and severe renal infection characterized by the presence of gas in renal parenchyma and its perirenal spaces. We report two cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis in two diabetic women (53 and 50 years old respectively). In the first case, the treatment was based on nephrectomy because of the presence of a septic shock and three risk factors, which are acute renal failure, hematuria and thrombopenia.