Multifocal Head and Neck Tumor in a Patient With HIV: A Rare Case.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumors (EBV-SMTs) are a rare type of tumor occurring exclusively in immunocompromised patients in the setting of HIV/AIDS, post-organ transplant, and congenital immunodeficiency. These tumors require demonstration of EBV DNA on histopathologic studies in order to establish a diagnosis. The overall prognosis is good.

Incidence and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer among multi-ethnic patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a hospital-based retrospective analysis over two decades.

Background: The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Asian countries is increasing. Furthermore, recent studies have shown a concerning rise in the incidence of CRC among younger patients aged less than 50 years. This study aimed to analyze the incidence trends and clinicopathological features in patients with early-onset CRC (EOCRC) and later-onset CRC (at age ≥ 50 years).

Development and Validation of Multiplex Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of and Mutations Conferring Resistance to Clarithromycin and Levofloxacin in Gastric Biopsy.

Aims And Objectives: More than half of the world's population is infected with , which can cause chronic gastritis. WHO has regarded clarithromycin-resistant as a high priority pathogen. Hence, accurate diagnosis and detection of clarithromycin- and levofloxacin-resistant strains is essential for proper management of infection.

Molecular characterization and prevalence of antibiotic resistance in isolates in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Aims And Objectives: has been classified as high priority pathogen by the WHO in 2017. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains is one of the main causes of treatment failure in infection. This study determined and characterized primary and secondary resistances in in Malaysia.

Microsatellite Instability and Altered Expressions of MLH1 and MSH2 in Gastric Cancer.

Introduction: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a hallmark of defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) of genes especially MLH1 and MSH2. It is frequently involved in the carcinogenesis of various tumours including gastric cancer (GC). However, MSI in GCs have not been reported in Malaysia before.

Serum pepsinogen and gastrin-17 as potential biomarkers for pre-malignant lesions in the gastric corpus.

There is a lack of non-invasive screening modalities to diagnose chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM). Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of serum pepsinogen I (PGI), PGI:II, the PGI:II ratio and gastrin-17 (G-17) in diagnosing CAG and IM, and the correlations between these serum biomarkers and pre-malignant gastric lesions. A cross-sectional study of 72 patients (82% of the calculated sample size) who underwent oesophageal-gastro-duodenoscopy for dyspepsia was performed in the present study.

Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas: Histopathology-Genotype Correlation and Identification of a Novel Mutation.

Mutations in , , , , and are thought to cause the excessive autonomous aldosterone secretion of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs). The histopathology of mutant APAs, the most common and largest, has been thoroughly investigated and shown to have a zona fasciculata-like composition. This study aims to characterize the histopathologic spectrum of the other genotypes and document the proliferation rate of the different sized APAs.

Multiplex PCR for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric biopsies with lower inflammatory score.

Background: No gold standard has yet been established for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) was developed in this study for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of H.

A 19-Gene expression signature as a predictor of survival in colorectal cancer.

Background: Histopathological assessment has a low potential to predict clinical outcome in patients with the same stage of colorectal cancer. More specific and sensitive biomarkers to determine patients' survival are needed. We aimed to determine gene expression signatures as reliable prognostic marker that could predict survival of colorectal cancer patients with Dukes' B and C.

Surface Antigen Profiling of Helicobacter pylori-Infected and -Uninfected Gastric Cancer Cells Using Antibody Microarray.

Background: Comprehensive immunophenotyping cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens in gastric adenocarcinoma, specifically between Helicobacter pylori-infected and -uninfected gastric cancer patients by using DotScan(™) antibody microarray has not been conducted. Current immunophenotyping techniques include flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry are limited to the use of few antibodies for parallel examination. We used DotScan(™) antibody microarray consisting 144 CD antibodies to determine the distribution of CD antigens in gastric adenocarcinoma cells and to elucidate the effect of H.

Identification of diagnostic markers in colorectal cancer via integrative epigenomics and genomics data.

Apart from genetic mutations, epigenetic alteration is a common phenomenon that contributes to neoplastic transformation in colorectal cancer. Transcriptional silencing of tumor-suppressor genes without changes in the DNA sequence is explained by the existence of promoter hypermethylation. To test this hypothesis, we integrated the epigenome and transcriptome data from a similar set of colorectal tissue samples.

Integrated analysis of copy number variation and genome-wide expression profiling in colorectal cancer tissues.

Integrative analyses of multiple genomic datasets for selected samples can provide better insight into the overall data and can enhance our knowledge of cancer. The objective of this study was to elucidate the association between copy number variation (CNV) and gene expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) samples and their corresponding non-cancerous tissues. Sixty-four paired CRC samples from the same patients were subjected to CNV profiling using the Illumina HumanOmni1-Quad assay, and validation was performed using multiplex ligation probe amplification method.

Potential molecular signatures in epithelial ovarian cancer by genome wide expression profiling.

Aims: Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of all gynecologic cancers because of its late diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes. This study aimed to identify potential molecular signatures associated with biological processes that are implicated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods: Expression profiling was carried out on 16 fresh frozen EOC and normal ovarian tissue samples using the Illumina Whole Genome DASL assay (cDNA-mediated annealing, selection, extension and ligation).

Missense mutations in MLH1, MSH2, KRAS, and APC genes in colorectal cancer patients in Malaysia.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide with approximately 1 million cases diagnosed annually. In Malaysia, CRC is the second most common cancer in women and ranked first in men. The underlying cause of CRC remains unknown.

Molecular markers associated with nonepithelial ovarian cancer in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens by genome wide expression profiling.

Nonepithelial ovarian cancer (NEOC) is a rare cancer that is often misdiagnosed as other malignant tumors. Research on this cancer using fresh tissues is nearly impossible because of its limited number of samples within a limited time provided. The study is to identify potential genes and their molecular pathways related to NEOC using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples.

Synovial sarcoma: a rare presentation of parapharyngeal mass.

Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma of the head and neck region involving the parapharyngeal space. The diagnosis of synovial sarcoma can be very challenging to the pathologists. We present a rare case of parapharyngeal synovial sarcoma in a young female patient who had a two-month history of left cervical intumescent mass at level II.

Ketamine-associated ulcerative cystitis: a case report and literature review.

Ketamine can be abused as a recreational drug, and there has been a recent surge in its usage. The effects of ketamine on the urinary system were unknown until the recent publication of a few case reports. Many doctors are still unaware of this new clinical entity, termed ketamine-associated ulcerative cystitis.

Unusual form of superficial spreading microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix involving the endometrium of uterus.

Microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a recognized entity and is defined as carcinoma with invasion of less than 5 mm penetration of the stroma and seldom metastasized. Our patient was a 70-year-old, multiparous woman who had a microinvasive, cervical, squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor had spread superficially into the entire endometrial cavity up to the fundus, totally replacing the columnar epithelium.