Endoscopic Fat Graft Myringoplasty Augmented With Hyaluronic Acid for Managing Large-Sized Eardrum Perforations; A Prospective Comparative Randomised Study.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the outcomes of fat graft myringoplasty augmented with hyaluronic acid in closing large-sized eardrum perforations compared to the traditional underlay cartilage-perichondrium composite myringoplasty (CPCM).

Study Design: It was a prospective randomised comparative study.

Settings: It was held in tertiary referral institutions between May 2020 and April 2022.

Radiofrequency Versus CO Laser in Posterior Cordotomy for Managing Bilateral Abductor Vocal Fold Immobility.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the outcomes of posterior cordotomy in cases with bilateral abductor vocal fold immobility (BAVFI), either by radiofrequency or CO laser.

Methods: This prospective comparative randomized study included 80 patients with BAVFI of different etiologies. They were divided randomly into two groups.

The impact of adding platelet-rich plasma during fat graft myringoplasty for managing medium-sized tympanic membrane perforations: A prospective randomized case-control study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding platelet-rich plasma (PRP) during FGM to close medium-sized TM perforations.

Methods: This prospective randomized case-control study was conducted from February 2017 to March 2022. We included 320 patients with a medium-sized TM perforation with inactive mucosal otitis media.

A novel radiological method to evaluate the posterior tympanotomy depth for cochlear implantation: our experience in 257 patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to validate our novel proposed radiological evaluation of the posterior tympanotomy (PT) depth. This dimension represents the bone of the facial recess needed to be drilled to get access into the middle ear during cochlear implantation.

Methods: It was a retrospective observational study that included 257 patients who underwent cochlear implantation from July 2018 to April 2021 in tertiary referral institutions.

Anterior part middle turbinoplasty in endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: Resection of middle turbinate in the setting of endoscopic sinus surgery is a controversial procedure. Our aim is to assess the impact of the anterior part middle turbinoplasty on the outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery, incidence of synechia between the middle turbinate and the lateral nasal wall, intra- and post-operative accessibility to the paranasal sinuses.

Methods: Single blinded randomized controlled study of 120 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps, they were allocated into two groups, we performed anterior part middle turbinoplasty in the group one "60 patients", and we preserved the middle turbinate in the group two "60 patients".

Audio-vestibular Abnormalities in Patients With Vitiligo: A Prospective Case-control Study.

Introduction: Vitiligo is a disease that is characterized by a deficit of functional melanocytes all over the body including the inner ear.

Objectives: To study the effect of the reduction of melanocytes on the audio-vestibular system in patients with vitiligo.

Subjects And Methodology: Our study included 35 patients with vitiligo (study group) and 35 healthy volunteers (control group).

Platelet-Rich Plasma Fat Graft versus Cartilage Perichondrium for Repair of Medium-Size Tympanic Membrane Perforations.

Objectives: To compare clinical and audiologic outcomes among patients who underwent myringoplasty with fat graft enriched with platelet-rich plasma and cartilage perichondrium graft.

Study Design: Prospective randomized controlled study.

Setting: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tanta University, Egypt.

Contemporary review: Impact of primary neopharyngoplasty on acoustic characteristics of alaryngeal tracheoesophageal voice.

The physiology of the vibratory mechanism in alaryngeal tracheoesophageal speech depends on several factors. The structure and resulting function of the neoglottis (or neopharynx) varies from patient to patient depending on the individual details of the surgical procedure performed, as well as the patient's anatomy. In general, the vibratory segment is a blending of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles, cricopharyngeus, and upper circular fibers of the esophagus.

Central compartment dissection in laryngeal cancer.

We report here a review of the literature intended to clarify the nomenclature and boundaries of the nodes in the "central compartment" of the neck, the frequency with which tumors from the different laryngeal sites metastasize to these nodes, and the indications for central compartment node dissection in the treatment of cancers of the larynx. From this review, we conclude that, until consensus is reached about grouping of the lymph nodes in this area, it is best to refer to these nodes by their anatomic location, ie, prelaryngeal, pretracheal, or paratracheal lymph nodes. It is also advisable to describe dissection of these nodes as selective neck dissection (SND) with an annotation about the specific lymph node groups removed.

Foreign body aspiration, a continuously growing challenge: Tanta University experience in Egypt.

Objective: To evaluate the different factors that affect the spectrum and frequency of foreign body (FB) aspiration as a growing problem in different ages, and express the experience of our department in managing the problem in the recent two decades.

Methods: The charts of 3600 patients who underwent bronchoscopic evaluation over a period of 20 years for a suspicion of FB inhalation were reviewed. The patients were divided according to the age into group A; up to 10 years, and group B; more than 10 years.

Current potential and limitations of molecular diagnostic methods in head and neck cancer.

Traditional diagnostic methods such as clinical assessment, histopathological examination and imaging techniques are limited in their capacity to provide information on prognosis and treatment choice of head and neck cancer. In recent years, molecular techniques have been developed that enabled us to get more insight into the molecular biological cellular pathways underlying tumor progression and metastasis. Correlation of these molecular changes with clinical events has been explored.

Paratracheal node dissection for well-differentiated cancer of the thyroid: indications, technique and results.

Metastases to regional lymphatics are common in patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) but the treatment of paratracheal adenopathy remains an issue of controversy among head and neck surgeons. The purpose of the current study was to review the indications for paratracheal neck dissection (PTND) in patients with WDTC. Most of the studies published in the English literature and examining PTND for WDTC were reviewed.

Elective supraomohyoid neck dissection for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: is dissection of sublevel IIB necessary?

Spinal accessory nerve (SAN) dysfunction and related shoulder disability are common consequences of supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND). Nerve dysfunction is usually attributed to excessive nerve traction or devascularization during clearance of the lymph nodes posterior and superior to the SAN (sublevel IIB). The need for routine dissection of this sublevel with elective neck dissection has recently been questioned.

Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with primary head and neck cancer.

Paraneoplastic syndromes represent the clinical manifestations of the indirect and remote effects produced by tumor metabolites or other products. The clinical spectrum of the various paraneoplastic syndromes related to primary malignancies of the head and neck region is presented. A review of the literature on paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with primary head and neck cancer was carried out.

Dysautonomia rhinitis: associated otolaryngologic manifestations and characterization based on autonomic function tests.

Conclusions: Dysautonomia is a multisystem disorder. Beside the nasal symptoms, some otolaryngological disorders may be explained on the basis of autonomic dysfunction. Testing of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) complements the clinical findings and provides objective measurements to substantiate the presence of ANS dysfunction.

Molecular profile of the antrochoanal polyp: up-regulation of basic fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor beta in maxillary sinus mucosa.

Background: Various pathogenetic mechanisms have been proposed to explain the development of antrochoanal polyps (ACPs); however, the cause is still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression and the potential role of a battery of molecular markers in the development of ACPs. A prospective controlled study of a case series was performed.

Cartilage tympanoplasty for management of tympanic membrane atelectasis: is ventilatory tube necessary?

Objectives: Cartilage/perichondrium composite graft with concomitant placement of a ventilation tube is a common practice among otologists to reverse atelectasis and to repneumatize the middle ear. We conducted this study to investigate the necessity of a ventilation tube primarily incorporated into the perichondrium/cartilage graft for reconstruction of the atelectatic tympanic membrane (TM).

Study Design: Prospective clinical trial.

Importance of molecular analysis in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Because of the impact of nodal status on treatment and survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, accurate staging of cervical lymph nodes is critical. This article explores the value of molecular analyses in the detection of cervical lymph node metastasis.

Methods: A review of the literature was carried out and combined with our own experience regarding the role of molecular analyses in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis.

Up-regulation of MUC5AC and MUC5B mucin genes in nasopharyngeal respiratory mucosa and selective up-regulation of MUC5B in middle ear in pediatric otitis media with effusion.

Objectives: Mucins are the major component responsible for the gel-like properties of mucus secretion. Currently, little is known about the regulation of mucins in otitis media with effusion (OME). We investigated the expression of MUC5AC and MUC5B mucin gene messenger (m)RNAs in middle ear effusions as well as in tissue biopsies of the respiratory mucosa of the nasopharynx by means of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Physiologic reestablishment of ossicular continuity during excision of retraction pockets: use of hydroxyapatite bone cement for rebridging the incus.

Objective: To analyze the results obtained from hydroxyapatite bone cement repair of ossicular discontinuity between the incus and stapes during surgery of retraction pockets.

Design: Clinical study of a case series.

Setting: Otolaryngology Department, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta, Egypt.