Factors predicting the outcome of percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration in men with obstructive azoospermia.

Objectives: To report on the live birth rates (LBRs) following percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) in men with obstructive azoospermia (OA) and factors affecting treatment outcome which is under reported in the literature.

Methods: This is a multicenter study that was conducted in Egypt including all couples undergoing intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for OA using PESA-derived sperms. Men were subdivided according to aetiology into congenital, iatrogenic and idiopathic groups.