Curbing antimicrobial resistance in post-COVID Africa: Challenges, actions and recommendations.

Background: Antimicrobial self-medication and use have significantly increased in the COVID-19 era-increasing antibiotic consumption and resulting in a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Africa (AMR). We conducted a narrative review to investigate challenges associated with curbing AMR in a post-COVID-19 setting in Africa, suggesting practical measures applicable for policy-informed implementation.

Method: A narrative review was performed to pinpoint AMR challenges and actions on the African continent.

The global response: How cities and provinces around the globe tackled Covid-19 outbreaks in 2021.

Background: Tackling the spread of COVID-19 remains a crucial part of ending the pandemic. Its highly contagious nature and constant evolution coupled with a relative lack of immunity make the virus difficult to control. For this, various strategies have been proposed and adopted including limiting contact, social isolation, vaccination, contact tracing, etc.