A novel approach for simulating and optimizing the production costing system.

This paper presents a novel approach for simulating and optimizing production costing systems using linear programming. The proposed method employs a linear programming algorithm to simulate the behavior of production costs and to derive optimal solutions, including cost minimization, resource maximization, and economic returns. This approach has been implemented as a standard platform computer application, which automatically processes the costing system to reflect real-world behavior accurately.

Recapitulating COVID-19 detection methods: RT-PCR, sniffer dogs and electronic nose.

In December 2019, a number of subjects presenting with an unexplained pneumonia-like illness were suspected to have a link to a seafood market in Wuhan, China. Subsequently, this illness was identified as the 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the World Committee on Virus Classification. Since its initial identification, the virus has rapidly sperad across the globe, posing an extraordinary challenge for the medical community.

Investigating the Spatial Distribution of Proliferating Cells in Primary Ovarian Cancers.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) accounts for about 4% of female cancers globally. While Ki67-immunopositive (Ki67) cell density is commonly used to assess proliferation in OC, the two-dimensional (2D) distribution pattern of these cells is poorly understood. This study explores the 2D distribution pattern of Ki67 cells in primary OC tissues and models the proliferation process to improve our understanding of this hallmark of cancer.

Prostate cancer risk stratification via eNose urine odor analysis: a preliminary report.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is known for its highly diverse clinical behavior, ranging from low-risk, slow-growing tumors to aggressive and life-threatening forms. To avoid over-treatment of low-risk PCa patients, it would be very important prior to any therapeutic intervention to appropriately classify subjects based on tumor aggressiveness. Unfortunately, there is currently no reliable test available for this purpose.

Is Artificial Intelligence the Key to Revolutionizing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Diagnosis and Management?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition among older men that is characterized by the enlargement of the prostate gland and compression of the urethra, which often results in lower urinary tract symptoms, such as frequent urination, difficulty in starting urination, and incomplete bladder emptying. The development of BPH is thought to be primarily due to an imbalance between cell proliferation and apoptosis, underlying inflammation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and local paracrine and autocrine growth factors, although the exact molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Anatomical structures considered natural and benign observations can occasionally present multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging appearances that resemble prostate cancer (PCa), posing a risk of misinterpretation and generating false-positive outcomes and subsequently, unnecessary interventions.

Prostate Cancer Microvascular Routes: Exploration and Measurement Strategies.

Angiogenesis is acknowledged as a pivotal feature in the pathology of human cancer. Despite the absence of universally accepted markers for gauging the comprehensive angiogenic activity in prostate cancer (PCa) that could steer the formulation of focused anti-angiogenic treatments, the scrutiny of diverse facets of tumoral blood vessel development may furnish significant understanding of angiogenic processes. Malignant neoplasms, encompassing PCa, deploy a myriad of strategies to secure an adequate blood supply.

Fractal nature of human gastrointestinal system: Exploring a new era.

The morphological complexity of cells and tissues, whether normal or pathological, is characterized by two primary attributes: Irregularity and self-similarity across different scales. When an object exhibits self-similarity, its shape remains unchanged as the scales of measurement vary because any part of it resembles the whole. On the other hand, the size and geometric characteristics of an irregular object vary as the resolution increases, revealing more intricate details.

Egyptian Consensus on the Role of Lung Ultrasonography During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Background & Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health problem, presenting with symptoms ranging from mild nonspecific symptoms to serious pneumonia. Early screening techniques are essential in the diagnosis and assessment of disease progression. This consensus was designed to clarify the role of lung ultrasonography versus other imaging modalities in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Histiocytic Sarcoma With CCND1 Gene Rearrangement Clonally Related and Transdifferentiated From Mantle Cell Lymphoma.

Objectives: Histiocytic neoplasms demonstrate shared gene translocations and clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in cases of associated B-cell lymphomas. However, the evolution of these related disease processes remains largely uncertain, especially in the setting of a prior mantle cell lymphoma.

Methods: We describe a unique case of a histiocytic sarcoma that transdifferentiated from blastoid mantle cell lymphoma after extensive therapy.

Is there a potential dual effect of denosumab for treatment of osteoporosis and sarcopenia?

Background: The prevalence of sarcopenia with osteoporosis results in a higher risk of falling and fractures. It was noted that patients who had completed their planned 5-year denosumab therapy course as treatment for these conditions started to sustain falls.

Purpose: To assess (a) whether denosumab has a unique dual effect on both bone and muscle in comparison to other anti-resorptive agents and (b) its effectiveness in the follow-up period post-treatment completion compared to other anti-resorptive agents.

Preprocessing Arabic text on social media.

urrently, social media plays an important role in daily life and routine. Millions of people use social media for different purposes. Large amounts of data flow through online networks every second, and these data contain valuable information that can be extracted if the data are properly processed and analyzed.

Twice-daily intravenous bolus tacrolimus infusion: A safe and effective regimen for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis.

Objective/background: Among patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant, continuous intravenous (IV) tacrolimus infusion is frequently used for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis. Twice-daily intermittent IV tacrolimus dosing may confer safety and convenience benefits.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 66 patients who received twice-daily IV bolus tacrolimus for GvHD prophylaxis.

Clinical Outcomes Using Mycophenolate and Tacrolimus for Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant: A Single Institution Experience.

For recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) plus tacrolimus combination is mostly used in reduced-intensity (RIC), and nonmyeloablative conditioning (NMAC) whereas methotrexate and tacrolimus combination is preferred in myeloablative conditioning (MAC). We present single institution outcomes in patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT with both MAC and NMAC/RIC regimen using MMF and tacrolimus for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Data from all adult patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT from 2007 to 2017 was collected from Data Back to Centers web-based application of Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR).

Prevalence and types of articulation errors in Saudi Arabic-speaking children with repaired cleft lip and palate.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess prevalence and types of consonant production errors and phonological processes in Saudi Arabic-speaking children with repaired cleft lip and palate, and to determine the relationship between frequency of errors on one hand and the type of the cleft. Possible relationship between age, gender and frequency of errors was also investigated.

Methods: Eighty Saudi children with repaired cleft lip and palate aged 6-15 years (mean 6.

Long term oral anticoagulant therapy with warfarin: experience with local patient population in kuwait.

Warfarin (Coumadin) continues to remain the mainstay of oral anticoagulant therapy (OACT) for thromboprophylaxis for both venous thromboembolic disease (VTD) and cardiac indications. However it needs careful monitoring because of its narrow window of target activity level, interaction with numerous medications and food items, caution for use in patients with co-morbidities like hepatic and renal impairment and bleeding lesions and the risk of major hemorrhage. A large part of its success and safety requires the patients own understanding and participation in its control.

Effective control of polymyalgia rheumatica with tocilizumab.

Despite their disadvantages, glucocorticoids (GCs) remain a mainstay of therapy for polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Second-line antirheumatic and immune-modulatory drugs are not infrequently required because of disease relapses during GC tapering and GC adverse effects. Therapy with methotrexate or with an anti-tumor necrosis factor drug showed modest efficacy in this situation.

Central pontine myelinolysis in the hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state.

Objective: To report a rare association of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) with hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS).

Clinical Presentation And Intervention: A diabetic female presented with HHS and prolonged severe hypernatraemia. The metabolic derangement was adequately treated with proper correction of both hyperglycaemia and hypernatraemia.

Interactions of Spodoptera littoralis haemocytes following injection with the entomopathogenic fungi: Beauveria bassiana and Nomuraea rileyi.

This study compared the cellular interactions of Spodopteralittoralis haemocytes with two virulence-different entomopathogenic fungi: Beauveriabassiana and Nomuraearileyi. Using light and transmission microscopy, five types of haemocytes namely, prohaemocytes (PRs), plasmatocytes (PLs), granulocytes (GRs), spherule cells (SPs) and oenocytoids (OEs) were identified in the 6th instar larvae. PRs and PLs were found in the haemopoietic tissue.