Morphological characterization and genetic diversity of mini core collection of Rosa damascena from Morocco.

Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is a popular Rosa species cultivated for the industrial production of rose oil worldwide. In the current study, the morphological characteristics and genetic diversity among 12 populations of these species collected from Kelaat M'gouna in Morocco were examined to identify more variable traits and compare their genetic structure.

Molecular Characterization of Isolates from Upland Cotton Roots in Uzbekistan and Whole-Genome Comparison with Isolates from the United States.

f. sp. (FOV) is a significant cotton ( spp.

Hormetic and transcriptomic responses of the toxic alga Prymnesium parvum to glyphosate.

Growth of the toxic alga Prymnesium parvum is hormetically stimulated with environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate. The mechanisms of glyphosate hormesis in this species, however, are unknown. We evaluated the transcriptomic response of P.

Chromosome-scale assembly uncovers genomic compartmentation of f. sp. , the causal agent of Bayoud disease in date palm.

Date palm () is the most significant crop across North Africa and the Middle East. However, the crop faces a severe threat from Bayoud disease caused by the fungal pathogen f. sp.

Genetic diversity of Moroccan date palm revealed by microsatellite markers.

The genetic diversity between 23 Moroccan date palm cultivars collected from the National Palm Collection at the INRA (National Agricultural Research Institute) experimental field in Zagora was assessed using SSR markers that are specifically designed for date palm. Among the 16 tested SSR, 13 were successfully amplified, and were selected to carry out this study. 208 bands were amplified, ranging from 10 to 25 bands per cultivar with an average of 16 alleles per cultivar.

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Moroccan date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) using SSR and DAMD molecular markers.

Background: Date palm, oasis pivot, plays a vital socio-economic part in the southern area of Morocco. However, with climate change and drought intensity and frequency increasing, the Moroccan palm grove is threatened with significant genetic degradation. Genetic characterization of this resource is key element for the development of effective conservation and management strategies in the current circumstances of climate change and various biotic and abiotic stresses.

Metagenomics Analysis of Breast Microbiome Highlights the Abundance of Rothia Genus in Tumor Tissues.

Breast cancer is one of the main global priorities in terms of public health. It remains the most frequent cancer in women and is the leading cause of their death. The human microbiome plays various roles in maintaining health by ensuring a dynamic balance with the host or in the appearance of various pathologies including breast cancer.

Comparative Transcriptomics and Proteomics of Cancer Cell Lines Cultivated by Physiological and Commercial Media.

Aiming to reduce the gap between in vitro and in vivo environment, a complex culture medium, Plasmax, was introduced recently, which includes nutrients and metabolites with concentrations normally found in human plasma. Herein, to study the influence of this medium on cellular behaviors, we utilized Plasmax to cultivate two cancer cell lines, including one breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231BR, and one brain cancer cell line, CRL-1620. Cancer cells were harvested and prepared for transcriptomics and proteomics analyses to assess the discrepancies caused by the different nutritional environments of Plasmax and two commercial media: DMEM, and EMEM.

Single-nuclei analysis reveals depot-specific transcriptional heterogeneity and depot-specific cell types in adipose tissue of dairy cows.

Adipose tissue (AT) is an endocrine organ with a central role on whole-body energy metabolism and development of metabolic diseases. Single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq, respectively) analyses in mice and human AT have revealed vast cell heterogeneity and functionally distinct subtypes that are potential therapeutic targets to metabolic disease. In periparturient dairy cows, AT goes through intensive remodeling and its dysfunction is associated with metabolic disease pathogenesis and decreased productive performance.

Glycome Profiling of Cancer Cell Lines Cultivated in Physiological and Commercial Media.

A complex physiological culture medium (Plasmax) was introduced recently, composed of nutrients and metabolites at concentrations normally found in human plasma to mimic the in vivo environment for cell line cultivation. As glycosylation has been proved to be involved in cancer development, it is necessary to investigate the glycan expression changes in media with different nutrients. In this study, a breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231BR, and a brain cancer cell line, CRL-1620, were cultivated in Plasmax and commercial media to reveal cell line glycosylation discrepancies prompted by nutritional environments.

Airborne environmental DNA metabarcoding detects more diversity, with less sampling effort, than a traditional plant community survey.

Background: Airborne environmental DNA (eDNA) research is an emerging field that focuses on the detection of species from their genetic remnants in the air. The majority of studies into airborne eDNA of plants has until now either focused on single species detection, specifically only pollen, or human health impacts, with no previous studies surveying an entire plant community through metabarcoding. We therefore conducted an airborne eDNA metabarcoding survey and compared the results to a traditional plant community survey.

A Microbial Fermentation Product Induces Defense-Related Transcriptional Changes and the Accumulation of Phenolic Compounds in .

With the progressive loss of fungicide efficacy against , the causal agent of Asian soybean rust (ASR), alternative methods to protect soybean crops are needed. Resistance induction is a low impact alternative and/or supplement to fungicide applications that fortifies innate plant defenses against pathogens. Here, we show that a microbial fermentation product (MFP) induces plant defenses in soybean, and transcriptional induction is enhanced with the introduction of ASR.

Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the causal agent of Bayoud disease on date palm, f. sp. .

The complete mitogenome of f. sp. (FOA), the causal agent of the destructive fusarium wilt in date palm, is sequenced and assembled.

Nuclear Dishevelled targets gene regulatory regions and promotes tumor growth.

Dishevelled (DVL) critically regulates Wnt signaling and contributes to a wide spectrum of diseases and is important in normal and pathophysiological settings. However, how it mediates diverse cellular functions remains poorly understood. Recent discoveries have revealed that constitutive Wnt pathway activation contributes to breast cancer malignancy, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown and very few studies have examined the nuclear role of DVL.

Identification of Novel MeCP2 Cancer-Associated Target Genes and Post-Translational Modifications.

Abnormal regulation of DNA methylation and its readers has been associated with a wide range of cellular dysfunction. Disruption of the normal function of DNA methylation readers contributes to cancer progression, neurodevelopmental disorders, autoimmune disease and other pathologies. One reader of DNA methylation known to be especially important is MeCP2.

Draft Genome Sequence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Strain Foa 133, the Causal Agent of Bayoud Disease on Date Palm.

f. sp. is the causal agent of vascular wilt of date palm.

Phosphorylation of Arabidopsis SINA2 by CDKG1 affects its ubiquitin ligase activity.

Background: SEVEN IN ABSENTIA (SINA) is a RING domain-containing ubiquitin ligase involved in Drosophila eye formation. SINA-like proteins in plants are involved in several signaling pathways. Of the 18 SINA-like proteins identified in Arabidopsis, SEVEN IN ABSENTIA 2 (SINA2) lacks a canonical RING domain and is thought to lack ubiquitin ligase activity.

Arabidopsis stress associated protein 9 mediates biotic and abiotic stress responsive ABA signaling via the proteasome pathway.

Arabidopsis thaliana Stress Associated Protein 9 (AtSAP9) is a member of the A20/AN1 zinc finger protein family known to play important roles in plant stress responses and in the mammalian immune response. Although SAPs of several plant species were shown to be involved in abiotic stress responses, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown, and little is known about the involvement of SAPs in plant disease responses. Expression of SAP9 in Arabidopsis is up-regulated in response to dehydration, cold, salinity and abscisic acid (ABA), as well as pathogen infection.

Expression of AtSAP5 in cotton up-regulates putative stress-responsive genes and improves the tolerance to rapidly developing water deficit and moderate heat stress.

The regulation of gene expression is a key factor in plant acclimation to stress, and it is thought that manipulation of the expression of critical stress-responsive genes should ultimately provide increased protection against abiotic stress. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the ectopic expression of the AtSAP5 (AT3G12630) gene in transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, cv. Coker 312) will improve tolerance to drought and heat stress by up-regulating the expression of endogenous stress-responsive genes.

Arabidopsis SAP5 functions as a positive regulator of stress responses and exhibits E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.

AtSAP5, one of approximately 14 members of the Stress Associated Protein gene family in Arabidopsis, was identified by its expression in response to salinity, osmotic, drought and cold stress. AtSAP5 shows strong homology to OSISAP1, an A20/AN1-type zinc finger protein implicated in stress tolerance in rice. To evaluate the function of AtSAP5 in the regulation of abiotic stress responses, transgenic Arabidopsis plants that over-express AtSAP5 (35S::AtSAP5) were characterized, along with wild-type and T-DNA knock-down plants.

Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase genes in cotton and their role in fiber elongation.

Plant cell wall extensibility is mediated, in part, by xyloglucan endotransglycosylases/hydrolases (XTH) that are able to cleave and reattach xyloglucan polymers that make up the hemicelluloses matrix of type I cell walls. In Arabidopsis and other plants, XTHs are encoded by relatively large gene families that are regulated in specific spatial and temporal patterns. In silico screening of a cotton expressed sequence tag (EST) database identified 23 sequences with close sequence similarity to Arabidopsis XTH coding sequences.

The differential response of photosynthesis to high temperature for a boreal and temperate Populus species relates to differences in Rubisco activation and Rubisco activase properties.

Significant inhibition of photosynthesis occurs at temperatures only a few degrees ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Brassinosteroid regulates fiber development on cultured cotton ovules.

Our current understanding of the role of phytohormones in the development of cotton fibers is derived largely from an amenable culture system in which cotton ovules, collected on the day of anthesis, are floated on liquid media. Under these conditions, supplemental auxin and gibberellin were found to promote fiber initiation and elongation. More recently, addition of low concentrations of the brassinosteroid brassinolide (BL) were also found to promote fiber elongation while a brassinosteroid biosynthesis inhibitor brassinazole2001 (Brz) inhibited fiber development.

(Z)-3-Hexenol induces defense genes and downstream metabolites in maize.

In response to insect feeding, corn plants (Zea mays cv. Delprim) release elevated levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including the C(6)-volatile (Z)-3-hexenol. The level of mRNA accumulation for a series of defense genes was monitored in response to application of (Z)-3-hexenol (50 nmol) to undamaged plants.