Optimizing Postoperative Glucose Management in CABG Patients: Exploring Early Transition to Subcutaneous Insulin.

Introduction: Tight glycemic control is essential for optimal outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, regardless of pre-operative diabetes status. The ideal timing for transitioning from intravenous (IV) to subcutaneous (SC) insulin remains unclear. This study addresses this knowledge gap by comparing the effects of early transition (postoperative day 1, POD1) versus delayed transition on glycemic control and patient outcomes after CABG surgery.

Decoding the evidence: A synopsis of indications and evidence for catheter ablation in atrial fibrillation (Review).

The present study reviews the role of catheter ablation (CA) in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), a widespread arrhythmia associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The present review explores current indications and recent evidence supporting CA, assessing patient outcomes and identifying common complications associated with the procedure. Emphasis is placed on optimizing risk factors prior to ablation, including weight control and hypertension management, as these measures can significantly enhance post-procedural outcomes.

A comparative study of temperature-dependent characteristics and non-local behavior in a submerged microstretch thermoelastic medium using two models.

This article is concerned with a thermoelastic response in a non-local micro-stretch completely covered in the endless non-viscous fluid under temperature dependent, the medium is investigated employing the theory of Green-Naghdi (G-N III) and the model of three-phase-lag (3PHL).Basic equations are derived based on these models. The normal mode technique is employed to achieve an analysis solution to the problem.

Shifting tides in cardiology fellowship: an analysis of trends and the virtual interview revolution, 2017 to 2021.

Introduction: This investigation aimed to delineate the trends in cardiology fellowship applications and match rates between 2017 and 2021, with a particular focus on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Utilizing data from the National Resident Matching Program and the American Board of Internal Medicine covering 6693 applicants, we conducted chi-square tests to assess match rate variations. IBM SPSS version 23 was used for statistical analysis.

Impact of breast cancer on in-hospital mortality and health care utilization in female heart failure patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Heart failure (HF) and breast cancer are major health concerns with overlapping risk factors. This study investigated the impact of breast cancer on in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and health care charges in patients with HF.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Inpatient Sample, focusing on female patients diagnosed with both breast cancer and HF.

Visnagin: A novel cardioprotective agent against anthracycline toxicity (Review).

Doxorubicin (DOX), a cornerstone of cancer chemotherapy, is marred by its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, leading to cardiomyopathy and heart failure. The epidemiology of DOX-related cardiotoxicity highlights its cumulative, progressive nature, with a significant impact on the health of patients. The pathophysiological mechanisms involve mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and disrupted calcium homeostasis in cardiomyocytes.

Temporal trends, prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of heart failure in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the United States: Insights from the national inpatient sample.

Objectives: This study aims to delineate the temporal trends, prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of HF among HCM patients using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, with a focus on optimizing therapeutic strategies and healthcare resources.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of anonymized data from the NIS spanning 2016 to 2019. The study population consisted of adults diagnosed with HCM based on specific ICD-10 diagnostic codes.

Unveiling Hidden Battles: Exploring the Link Between Breast Cancer Survival and Heart Failure Vulnerability.

This study explores the link between a history of breast cancer and the vulnerability to heart failure. Analyzing data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2016 and 2019 in the US, our research utilized logistic regression, adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors, and employed propensity score matching. With 2,276,639 weighted cases, our findings reveal a slight but significant elevation in heart failure risk among the breast cancer cohort, specifically in acute, chronic, and isolated systolic heart failure types.

Burden of Ischemic Heart Diseases among US States from 1990-2019.

Background: Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is a leading cause of global mortality, including in the United States. Understanding the burden of IHD in the United States is crucial for informed decision-making and targeted interventions aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality associated with this leading cause of death. This study aimed to understand the burden of IHD, identify gender disparities and risk factors, explore the relationship between socioeconomic growth and IHD, and analyze risk factor distribution across the states of the United States.

Paraneoplastic NMDA encephalitis, a case report and an extensive review of available literature.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) encephalitis is a prevalent autoimmune condition marked by diverse neuropsychiatric symptoms, primarily impacting young females. The exact mechanisms underlying the development of NMDAr encephalitis have not been fully elucidated. Nonetheless, studies have demonstrated that auto-antibodies targeting the NR1-NR2 subunits of the NMDAr can trigger receptor dysfunction within the central nervous system, thus giving rise to the associated symptoms.

Racial and ethnic disparities in heart transplantation for end-stage heart failure: An analysis of the national inpatient sample (NIS) database.

Purpose: This study aims to examine disparities among heart transplant recipients in the United States, utilizing the latest data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of NIS discharge data (2017-2020), focusing on adult end-stage heart failure (ESHF) patients, identified using the ICD-10 CM code I50.84.

Diabetes mellitus impact on left ventricular assist device outcomes in heart failure patients: National Inpatient Sample study.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recognized risk factor for heart failure (HF), increasing the likelihood of requiring left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy. This retrospective cohort study aims to assess the impact of DM on LVAD patients, focusing on in-hospital mortality as the primary outcome. Utilizing the National Inpatient Sample administrative database, data from 11,506 adult HF patients who underwent LVAD implantation were analyzed.

In-hospital outcomes of PCI in patients who have ESRD vs non-ESRD patients, a retrospective study involving a National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD is known to affect a large portion of the American population. Previous data for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of ESRD for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and non-ACS etiologies have shown to have an increase in in-hospital mortality, and prolonged hospitalization among other complications.

Combined Norwood and cavopulmonary shunt as the first palliation in late presenters with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and single-ventricle lesions.

Objective: A primary cavopulmonary shunt as a component of the initial Norwood palliation could be an option in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and single-ventricle lesions. We present our initial experience with this approach in carefully selected patients with unrestricted pulmonary blood flow and low pulmonary vascular resistance.

Methods: The study included 16 patients; the mean age was 137.

Sex Differences in Patients With Suspected Cardiac Sarcoidosis Assessed by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: There are few data on sex differences in suspected cardiac sarcoidosis. Methods: Consecutive patients with histologically proven sarcoidosis and suspected cardiac involvement were studied. We investigated sex differences in presenting features, cardiac involvement, and the long-term incidence of a primary composite end point of all-cause death or significant ventricular arrhythmia and secondary end points of all-cause death and significant ventricular arrhythmia.

Mitral valve replacement in infants and younger children.

Data on mitral valve replacement (MVR) in young children is still limited. Our objective was to evaluate MVR in children below 5 years and identify factors affecting the outcomes. This retrospective study included 29 patients who had MVR from 2002 to 2020.

Long-term prognostic value of right ventricular dysfunction on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in anthracycline-treated cancer survivors.

Aims: We aimed to determine the prevalence of right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and its impact on long-term adverse outcomes in a large cohort of cancer survivors treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Methods And Results: Consecutive cancer survivors treated with anthracyclines who underwent clinical CMR for suspected anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy were studied. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death or major adverse cardiac events (MACE): heart failure hospitalization, heart transplantation, ventricular assist device implantation, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia.

Outcomes of biventricular repair for shone's complex.

Background: Shone's complex is a rare lesion affecting the mitral valve (MV) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). The objective of this study is to report the outcomes after Shone's complex repair, the growth of mitral and aortic valve and LVOT, and long-term survival.

Methods: This retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with Shone's complex, who underwent biventricular repair.

The outcomes of bidirectional Glenn before and after 4 months of age: A comparative study.

Objective: We aim to present our experience with the bidirectional Glenn (BDG) in patients less than 4 months of age and to compare their outcomes with the patients who underwent BDG after the age of 4 months.

Methods: A retrospective review of data was performed for patients who underwent the BDG procedure from 2002 to 2018 at our institutions. We reviewed the patients' demographics, echocardiographic findings, cardiac catheterization data, operative details, postoperative data, and outcome variables.

Bovine jugular vein valved xenograft for extracardiac total cavo-pulmonary connection: The risk of thrombosis and the potential liver protection effect.

Background: Currently, non-valved conduits are preferred for extracardiac total cavo-pulmonary connection (TCPC). However, previous work has failed to provide objective data comparing the postoperative outcome between non-valved TCPCs and bovine jugular vein valved xenograft (BJV) TCPCs. Hence, the objective of this study is to compare the postoperative outcomes in extracardiac TCPC patients who received BJV vs synthetic non-valved conduits and evaluate the effect of BJV on liver fibrosis.

Evolution of the Norwood operation outcomes in patients with late presentation.

Objectives: We present the evolution of Norwood operation outcomes and practice pattern changes over 15 years from a single institution in Saudi Arabia. We intended to identify time trends in patient selection, procedural details, and outcome predictors over time.

Methods: Patients who underwent a Norwood operation (n = 145) between 2003 and 2018 with the use of a Blalock-Taussig shunt (BT group; n = 72), right ventricle to pulmonary artery shunt (Sano group; n = 66), or a primary cavopulmonary shunt (CPS group; n = 7) were included.

Isolated right superior vena cava draining into the left atrium in a child with vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation-case report.

Background: Isolated right Superior Vena Cava drainage into the left atrium in the absence of other cardiac anomalies is an extremely rare condition. The vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation is a congenital vascular malformation. It comprises 1% of all pediatric congenital anomalies.

Junctional ectopic tachycardia following tetralogy of fallot repair in children under 2 years.

Background: Junctional ectopic tachycardia is a serious arrhythmia that frequently occurs after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Arrhythmia prophylaxis is not feasible for all pediatric cardiac surgery patients and identification of high risk patients is required. The objectives of this study were to characterize patients with JET, identify its predictors and subsequent complications and the effect of various treatment strategies on the outcomes in selected TOF patients undergoing total repair before 2 years of age.

Transposition of Great Arteries with Left Main Coronary Artery Atresia-Case Report.

 The coronary artery anatomy in patients with transposition of the great artery (TGA) is a contributing factor for outcome in arterial switch procedure.  A full-term, 7-day-old baby boy diagnosed as dextro-TGA (dTGA) with intact ventricular septum. Intraoperatively, the left coronary sinus had a blind indentation from which a firm cord-like left main coronary artery originates.