Comparative study of midterm outcomes between Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), diverted one-anastomosis gastric bypass (D-OAGB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB).

Purpose: Diverted one anastomosis gastric bypass (D-OAGB) is a new procedure that entails performing Roux-en-Y diversion during OAGB to preclude post-OAGB bile reflux. This study aimed to compare the mid-term outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and OAGB versus D-OAGB.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that encompassed the analysis of data from patients undergoing bypass surgeries from 2015 to May 2021.

Sitagliptin synergizes 5-fluorouracil efficacy in colon cancer cells through MDR1-mediated flux impairment and down regulation of NFκB2 and p-AKT survival proteins.

5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is an inexpensive treatment for colon cancer; however, its efficacy is limited by chemoresistance. This study investigates the combination therapy approach of 5-FU with Sitagliptin (Sita), a diabetic drug with potential cancer-modulating effects. The combination was evaluated in vitro and in silico, focusing on the effects of Sita and 5-FU on colon cancer cells.

The combined effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and milrinone on acute renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: Potential underlying mechanisms.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and/or milrinone (MIL) on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) in rats and their possible underlying mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley albino rats were randomly assigned into six equal-sized groups (n = 8): normal control, sham-operated, I/R group (45 min/24 h), ZnO-NPs group (10 mg/kg i.p.

Potential Anticancer Activity of the Furanocoumarin Derivative Xanthotoxin Isolated from L. Fruits: In Vitro and In Silico Studies.

L., an indigenous plant in Egypt, is widely used in traditional medicine due to its various pharmacological properties. We aimed to evaluate the anticancer properties of fruit methanol extract (AME) against liver cancer and to elucidate the active compound(s) and their mechanisms of action.

Loperamide potentiates doxorubicin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer cells by targeting MDR1 and JNK and suppressing mTOR and Bcl-2: In vitro and molecular docking study.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the leading cause of treatment failure in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients treated with doxorubicin (DXR). We aimed to investigate the potential of the antidiarrheal drug Loperamide (LPR) in sensitizing TNBC cells to DXR and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Therefore, we examined the effects of DXR alone or in combination with LPR on MDA-MD-231 cells viability using MTT assay, cell cycle, and apoptosis by flow cytometry, and the expression of the MDR-related genes (MDR1 and JNK1) and cell cycle/survival genes (p21, mTOR, and Bcl-2) by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Effective Targeting of Raf-1 and Its Associated Autophagy by Novel Extracted Peptide for Treating Breast Cancer Cells.

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death in women worldwide and has harmful influence on their psychological state during therapy. Multikinase inhibitors have become effective drugs for treating a variety of cancer diseases such as breast cancer. A purified short peptide (H-P) was isolated from the natural honey and tested for its potential regulatory role in breast cancer cells compared with the effectiveness of the anticancer drug, Sorafenib (SOR), using MCF-7, EFM-19, and MCF-10A cell lines.

Empagliflozin and Doxorubicin Synergistically Inhibit the Survival of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via Interfering with the mTOR Pathway and Inhibition of Calmodulin: and Molecular Docking Studies.

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) comprise 10-15% of all breast cancers but with more resistance affinity against chemotherapeutics. Although doxorubicin (DOX) is the recommended first choice, it has observed cardiotoxicity together with apparent drug resistance. The anti-hyperglycemic drug, empagliflozin (EMP), was recently indicated to have anticancer potential together with its previously reported cardioprotective properties related to calmodulin inhibition.

Evaluation of immunomodulatory effects of Boswellia sacra essential oil on T-cells and dendritic cells.

Background: Boswellia sacra resin has been commonly used as analgesic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, which reflect its immunomodulatory activity. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and sentinel cells that regulate the immune response. This study aims at investigating whether crude essential oil extracted from Boswellia sacra resin (BSEO), has a potential effect on the phenotype and functions of human monocyte-derived DCs.

Immunostimulant effect of a mixed herbal extract on infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccinated chickens in the context of a co-infection model of avian influenza virus H9N2 and IBDV.

This study was conducted to assess the comparative effects of a mixed herbal extract (MHE) containing Ocimum sanctum, Withania somnifera, Emblica officinalis, Tinospora cordifolia, Mangifera indica, and Asphaltum (shilajit) on infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV)-vaccinated (VAC) chickens infected with IBDV and avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2. The experiment included three groups (G1-G3): G1, the negative control group; G2, the VAC + challenged (Ch) group; and G3, the VAC + Ch + MHE group. MHE was orally administered continuously for 5 weeks post-vaccination (PV) with IBDV at 12 days of age, and the chicks were simultaneously challenged with virulent IBDV (intraocularly) and AIV H9N2 (intranasally) at 21 days PV.

Regulation of CD4CD25FOXP3 cells in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): Implication of cytokines and miRNAs.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) is one of the immunosuppressive subsets of CD4 T cells characterized by transcription factor forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) expression which are involved in tumor development and progression. Identification of the factors that influence Treg cell function is extremely important. Our current study aimed to evaluate the frequency of Treg cells, cytokine secretion and the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients.

Correction to: Chemosensitizing and nephroprotective effect of resveratrol in cisplatin-treated animals.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0152-2.].

Associations of Vitamin D Levels and Vitamin D Receptor Genotypes with Patient-Reported Outcome/Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin-D insufficiency and vitamin-D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and its association with disease activity and patient reported outcomes (PROs).

Methods: Eighty-two individuals were included in a cross-sectional study (41 RA patients, 41 controls). Prior to assessment, each patient completed a PRO questionnaire.

Association of Paraoxonase 1 Polymorphism and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have significantly increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality that are not accounted for by traditional risk factors alone. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of CV diseases. Objective: This study aimed to investigate PON1 gene polymorphism and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in RA patients, and to determine their association with CV risk in RA.

Immunohistochemical staining of leptin is associated with grade, stage, lymph node involvement, recurrence, and hormone receptor phenotypes in breast cancer.

Background: Obesity is part of the established risk factors for breast cancer (BC) in postmenopausal females. Circulating leptin increases in parallel with the increase of body weight and fat reservoir.

Methods: This research investigated the link between leptin phenotype and the clinicopathological factors in BC.

AMPK expression patterns are significantly associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients.

Many investigators have examined the functions of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cancer biology and its anti-neoplastic features in cancer models. The goal of this research is to assess the association of the immunohistochemical expression of AMPK in human mammary tumours with the clinical data of breast cancer patients. 449 cases of previously diagnosed breast cancer, and 27 tissue samples of fibroadenomas and normal breast were utilized for detection of AMPK expression using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry.

Expression of CD200R1 and its Ligand CD200 on T-helper Lymphocytes of Pediatric Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease.

Background: CD200 and its receptor CD200R are both type I membrane glycoproteins that modulate the activity of myeloid and lymphoid cells, and their interaction is functionally important in the suppression of effector T-cell responses by regulatory T-cells. We aimed to investigate the extent of expression of CD200 and CD200R1 on CD4+ T-cells in blood of children with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and to explore their correlations with effector T cell subsets, regulatory T cells (Treg), and routine clinical and serological markers.

Methods: The frequencies of blood CD4+ expressing CD200 and CD200R1 as well as T-helper CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg, CD4+ IL-17+ (Th17), CD4+ IFN-γ + (Th1), and CD4+IL-4+ (Th2) were estimated by flow cytometry in 23 patients with CD, 14 with UC, and 14 healthy volunteers (HCs).

L-Asparaginase Isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris Seeds Exhibited Potent Anti-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Effects In-Vitro and Low Immunogenic Properties In-Vivo.

-derived L-asparaginases have been used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), however, clinical hypersensitivity reactions and silent inactivation due to antibodies against -asparaginase, lead to inactivation of these preparations in most cases.Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and antitumor effects ofa novel L-asparaginaseenzyme, isolated from seeds (P-Asp) on the ALL cell line (Jurkat). The immunogenicity of the enzyme was also evaluated in-vivo and results were compared to commercially available enzymes of microbial sources.

Comparison of AFP-L3 and p53 Antigen Concentration with Alpha-Fetoprotein as Serum Markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the worst prognosis among all major cancers, largely due to the lack of sensitive diagnostic markers. We aimed to compare three HCC tumor markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), p53, and AFP-L3%, to evaluate whether measuring serum p53 levels and AFP-L3% has an additive diagnostic value for detection of HCC.

Methods: A total of 86 patients with chronic liver diseases were included.

Heavy Metal Accumulation is Associated with Molecular and Pathological Perturbations in Liver of Variola louti from the Jeddah Coast of Red Sea.

Large amounts of waste water are discharged daily from the Jeddah Metropolitan Area into the Red Sea. Sewage draining into the Red Sea causes widespread chemical pollution that is toxic to aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this study was to investigate the extent of pollution and assess the presence of heavy metals in fish tissue and study their association with biological and biochemical alterations.

Analysis of CD95 and CCR7 expression on circulating CD4(+) lymphocytes revealed disparate immunoregulatory potentials in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Emerging data have implicated a critical role for CD4 in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study was designed to delineate the contribution of CD4(+) T cells in the pathogenesis of SLE disease. Forty-four patients (3 male: 41 female) and 20 healthy volunteers (4 male: 16 female) were included in the study.

Reduced Dendritic Cells Expressing CD200R1 in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Correlation with Th17 and Regulatory T Cells.

Loss of tolerance of the adaptive immune system towards indigenous flora contributes to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Defects in dendritic cell (DC)-mediated innate and adoptive immune responses are conceivable. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the inhibitory molecules CD200R1 and their ligand CD200 on DCs, to clarify the role of the DCs in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Dimethylsulfoxide excerbates cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells.

Background: Cisplatin (CIS) is a potent antineoplastic agent with high therapeutic efficacy against many kinds of tumors. Its use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. The aim of this work was to minimize cisplatin effective dose and the possible reduction of its severe side effects.

Purification and Characterization of Asparaginase from Phaseolus vulgaris Seeds.

L-asparaginase from bacteria has been used in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The aim of this study was to purify and characterize L-asparaginase from Phaseolus vulgaris seeds instead of microbial sources. L-asparaginase was purified to apparent homogeneity.

Cardioprotective role of tadalafil against cisplatin-induced cardiovascular damage in rats.

The present study investigated the possible cardioprotective effect of tadalafil (Tad) on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced cardiac and vascular damages in rats. A total number of seventy two healthy male albino rats initially weighting between 200 and 220 g were used and randomly divided into four groups,18 rats in each. The control group received no treatment; CDDP group received a single dose of CDDP (4 mg/kg) intraperitoneal (i.

Genetic dissimilarity between primary colorectal carcinomas and their lymph node metastases: ploidy, p53, bcl-2, and c-myc expression--a pilot study.

The current paradigm of metastasis proposes that rare cells within primary tumors acquire metastatic capability via sequential mutations, suggesting that metastases are genetically dissimilar from their primary tumors. This study investigated the changes in the level of expression of a well-defined panel of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis markers between the primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and the corresponding synchronous lymph node (LN) metastasis from the same patients. DNA flow cytometry and immunostaining of p53, bcl-2, and c-myc were carried out on 36 cases of CRC radical resection specimens with their corresponding LN metastases.