Hesperidin ameliorates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis via antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms targeting TGF-β/α-SMA pathways in rats.

Our study intended to explore Hesp antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against TAA hepatic fibrosis in rats. Hesperidin (Hesp), is a pharmacologically active flavonoid, found abundantly in citrus species. Our present research attempts to inspect the potential hepatoprotective role of Hesp against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic fibrosis.

Vitamin D3 alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats by inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation via the SREBP-1-c/ PPARα-NF-κB/IR-S2 signaling pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disease characterized by fat deposits in liver cells, which can lead to hepatitis and fibrosis. This study attempted to explore the protective effect of vitamin D3 (VitD) against NAFLD. Adult male albino rats were randomized into four separate groups: the negative control group was fed a standard rat chow; the positive group received a high-fat diet (20%) and 25% fructose water (NAFLD); the VitD control group was intramuscularly treated with VitD (1,000 IU/kg BW) 3 days per week for 10 weeks; and the NAFLD group was treated with VitD therapy.

Vitamin D and calcium co-therapy mitigates pre-established cadmium nephropathy by regulating renal calcium homeostatic molecules and improving anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities in rat.

Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental pollutant and chronic toxicity could induce nephropathy by increasing renal oxidative stress and inflammation. Although vitamin D (VD) and calcium (Ca) prophylactic treatments attenuated Cd-induced cell injury, none of the prior studies measure their renoprotective effects against pre-established Cd-nephropathy.

Aims: To measure the alleviating effects of VD and/or Ca single and dual therapies against pre-established nephrotoxicity induced by chronic Cd toxicity prior to treatment initiation.

Hepatoprotective and Neuroprotective Effects of Naringenin against Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Rats.

Naringenin (NRG) is one of the most important naturally occurring flavonoids, predominantly found in some edible fruits, such as citrus species and tomatoes. It has several biological activities, such as antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic, and cardioprotective effects. The heavy metal lead is toxic and triggers oxidative stress, which causes toxicity in many organs, including the liver and brain.

Enhanced anti-cancer effects of oestrogen and progesterone co-therapy against colorectal cancer in males.

Although ovarian sex steroids could have protective roles against colorectal cancer (CRC) in women, little is currently known about their potential anti-tumorigenic effects in men. Hence, this study measured the therapeutic effects of 17β-oestradiol (E2) and/or progesterone (P4) against azoxymethane-induced CRC in male mice that were divided into (n = 10 mice/group): negative (NC) and positive (PC) controls, E2 (580 µg/Kg/day; five times/week) and P4 (2.9 mg/Kg/day; five times/week) monotherapies, and concurrent (EP) and sequential (E/P) co-therapy groups.

Deferasirox and vitamin D co-therapy mitigates iron-induced renal injury by enhanced modulation of cellular anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and iron regulatory pathways in rat.

Background: Chronic iron overload could induce nephropathy via oxidative stress and inflammation, and chelating therapy has limited efficacy in removing excess intracellular iron. Although vitamin D (VD) has shown potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as well contribute to iron homeostasis, none of the previous studies measured its potential remedial effects against chronic iron toxicity.

Aims: To measure the alleviating effects of deferasirox (DFX) and/or vitamin D (VD) single and combined therapies against nephrotoxicity induced by chronic iron overload.

Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Protective Effects of -Caryophyllene against Amikacin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rat by Regulating the Nrf2/AMPK/AKT and NF-B/TGF-/KIM-1 Molecular Pathways.

Herein, the molecular pathogenic pathways implicated in renal injury triggered by amikacin (AK), together with the alleviating actions of -caryophyllene (BCP), were investigated. Adult male Wistar rats ( = 32) were disseminated to the four following groups ( = 8/group): normal group, positive control animals (PC) that received AK intraperitoneal injections for 14 days (500 mg/kg/day), and rats that received AK simultaneously with small (200 mg/kg/day) and high doses (400 mg/kg/day) of BCP. The PC renal tissues revealed abnormal histology alongside increased apoptosis and significantly elevated serum creatinine and urea with marked proteinuria and oliguria relative to the normal rats.

Effects of Resveratrol Against Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a serious health problem associated with an increase in risk factors for hepatic steatosis, which is the most common liver disease today. The goal of this study was to investigate the protective effects of resveratrol against metabolic alterations associated with a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD). Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: control (cont.

Salvadora persica extract attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatorenal damage by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats.

Objective: Salvadora persica (SP) is used as a food additive and is a common ingredient in folk medicine. This study investigates the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and beneficial effects of SP against cyclophosphamide (CYP) toxicity in rats.

Methods: In a 10-day study, 32 male rats were equally allocated into 4 groups (8 rats/group) as follows: the normal control (NC group), normal rats that only received oral aqueous extract of SP (100 mg/[kg·d]; SP group), animals treated with intraperitoneal CYP injections (30 mg/[kg·d]; CYP group), and the CYP + SP group that concurrently received CYP with SP aqueous extract.

Enhanced renoprotective actions of Paricalcitol and omega-3 fatty acids co-therapy against diabetic nephropathy in rat.

Introduction: Although the synthetic vitamin D analogue, Paricalcitol, and omega-3 Fatty acids (ω-3) alleviated diabetic nephropathy (DN), their combination was not previously explored.

Objectives: This study measured the potential ameliorative effects of single and dual therapies of Paricalcitol and/or ω-3 against DN.

Methods: Forty rats were assigned as follow: negative (NC) and positive (PC) controls, Paricalcitol, ω-3 and Paricalcitol + ω-3 groups.

In Vivo and In Vitro Enhanced Tumoricidal Effects of Metformin, Active Vitamin D, and 5-Fluorouracil Triple Therapy against Colon Cancer by Modulating the PI3K/Akt/PTEN/mTOR Network.

Chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is common during colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. This study measured the chemotherapeutic effects of 5-FU, active vitamin D (VD), and/or metformin single/dual/triple regimens as complementary/alternative therapies. Ninety male mice were divided into: negative and positive (PC) controls, and 5-FU, VD, Met, 5-FU/VD, 5-FU/Met, VD/Met, and 5-FU/VD/Met groups.

Protective antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of β-caryophyllene against sulfasalazine-induced nephrotoxicity in rat.

The pathogenesis of sulfasalazine (SFZ)-induced nephrotoxicity is unclear. Moreover, there are no reports on the protective effects of β-caryophyllene (BCP) against SFZ-induced renal injury. Hence, in this study, we measured several oxidative stress and inflammatory regulatory molecules alongside the effects of BCP in SFZ-intoxicated rats.

Long-term effect of full-body pulsed electromagnetic field and exercise protocol in the treatment of men with osteopenia or osteoporosis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic disease affecting bones. To investigate the long-term effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) combined with exercise protocol on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone markers in men with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Ninety-five males with osteopenia or osteoporosis (mean age, 51.

Vitamin D enhances the effects of omega-3 oils against metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in rat.

This study investigated the effects of omega-3 oils (OM) and/or vitamin D (VD) against metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Forty rats were divided into negative (NC) and positive (PC) controls, OM, VD, and OM + VD groups, and MAFLD was induced by high-fat/high-fructose diet (12 weeks). Oral OM (415 mg/kg/day) and/or intramuscular VD (290 IU/kg/day) were given for 4 weeks (5 times/week).

Pulsed high-intensity laser therapy versus low level laser therapy in the management of primary dysmenorrhea.

[Purpose] To determine the effect of pulsed high intensity laser therapy (HILT) versus low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. [Participants and Methods] This was a randomized clinical trial that included 30 females diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea who were assigned randomly into two groups of equal numbers. The treatment was three sessions every cycle for three consecutive cycles, where group (A) received pulsed HILT and group (B) received LLLT.

Effects of supraphysiological vitamin D (cholecalciferol) supplement on normal adult rat ovarian functions.

This study measured the sequelae of cholecalciferol (VD) therapy on ovarian functions in adult VD-replete rats (n = 48). The animals were distributed into the control and VD groups following estrous cycle synchronisation. The VD group received VD injections for 4 weeks (600 IU/Kg; 3 times/week).

Vitamin D and calcium cosupplementation alleviates cadmium hepatotoxicity in the rat: Enhanced antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions by remodeling cellular calcium pathways.

Although vitamin D (VD) and calcium (Ca) attenuate cadmium (Cd) metabolism, their combined antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions against Cd toxicity have not been previously explored. Hence, this study measured the protective effects of VD ± Ca supplements against Cd hepatotoxicity. Forty adult male rats were distributed to: negative controls (NCs), positive controls (PCs), VD, Ca, and VD and Ca (VDC) groups.

Protective effect of Vitamin D3 against lead induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, immunosuppressive and calcium homeostasis disorders in rat.

Lead (Pb) is an extremely poisonous, non-essential trace element and toxicity develops in humans following frequent exposure to the heavy metal in polluted environmental and occupational settings. Pb induces hepatic damage through the depletion of the antioxidant system, enhancing cellular oxidative stress and stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Although the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of vitamin D (VD) are well-established, a minority of studies measured the protective actions of VD against Pb toxicity.

Vitamin D protects against oxidative stress, inflammation and hepatorenal damage induced by acute paracetamol toxicity in rat.

Acute paracetamol (APAP) toxicity is a leading cause of liver, and less commonly renal, injuries through oxidative stress and inflammation. Albeit vitamin D (VD) is a well-known anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory hormone, there is no report on its potential protective/therapeutic actions against APAP acute toxicity. This study, therefore, measured the interplay between APAP toxicity and the hepatorenal expressions of the VD-metabolising enzymes (Cyp2R1, Cyp27b1 & cyp24a1), receptor (VDR) and binding protein (VDBP) alongside the effects of VD treatment on APAP-induced hepatorenal injuries.

The remedial effect of Thymus vulgaris extract against lead toxicity-induced oxidative stress, hepatorenal damage, immunosuppression, and hematological disorders in rats.

The Thymus vulgaris (T. vulgaris) has been used in foods for the flavor, aroma, and preservation and in folk medicines. The objective of the present work was to determine the antioxidant and protective effects of T.

Enhanced remedial effects for vitamin D and calcium co-supplementation against pre-existing lead nephrotoxicity in mice: The roles of renal calcium homeostatic molecules.

Background: Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and nephropathy is common with chronic exposure. Although vitamin D (VD) and calcium (Ca) showed promising protections, their co-administration was not previously investigated in Pb nephrotoxicity. This study measured the potential interactions and remedial effects of VD and/or Ca on established Pb nephropathy.

Acute and Chronic Iron Overloading Differentially Modulates the Expression of Cellular Iron-homeostatic Molecules in Normal Rat Kidney.

Little is known about the renal responses to acute iron overloading. This study measured the renal tubular expression of transferrin receptor-1 (TfR1), cubilin/megalin receptors, hepcidin, ferroportin, and ferritin chains following subacute intoxication of 40 male Wistar rats with a single oral dose of ferrous iron (300 mg/kg). The animals were randomly subdivided into 4 equal subgroups at the time of necropsy (1, 2, 4, and 8 hr).

Vitamin D alleviates lead induced renal and testicular injuries by immunomodulatory and antioxidant mechanisms in rats.

This study measured the effects of vitamin D (VD) supplementation on the underlying molecular pathways involved in renal and testicular damage induced by lead (Pb) toxicity. Thirty two adult male Wistar rats were divided equally into four groups that were treated individually or simultaneously, except the negative control, for four weeks with lead acetate in drinking water (1,000 mg/L) and/or intramuscular VD (1,000 IU/kg; 3 days/week). Pb toxicity markedly reduced serum VD and Ca, induced substantial renal and testicular injuries with concomitant significant alterations in the expression of VD metabolising enzymes, its receptor and binding protein, and the calcium sensing receptor.

Significance of clinical observations and biochemical alterations in buffalo calves with dietary abomasal impaction.

Background: The present study aimed to throw light on the clinical characteristics of abomasal impaction in buffalo calves and its associated biochemical alterations. For this reason, a total of 20 male buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) with abomasal impaction were studied. The investigated calves were at 6 to 12 months of age and were belonged to three private farms in Dakahlia Governorate besides sporadic cases admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.

The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of tumor necrosis factor α -308G/A gene is associated with early-onset primary knee osteoarthritis in an Egyptian female population.

The objective of the present study is to investigate if there is a potential association between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene (TNF-α -308G/A, rs1800629) and the susceptibility to and severity of early-onset knee osteoarthritis in the Egyptian female population. Genotype distributions and allelic frequencies of TNF-α -308G/A polymorphism were investigated in 210 knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients and 210 age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls (HC). Polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) amplifications were implemented to determine TNF-α -308G/A SNP.