Cloacal Duplication: Single-center Experience in the Management of a Rare Anomaly.

Cloacal duplication is an exceedingly rare group of anomalies with a limited number of cases reported so far. The anomaly may be confined to partial bladder duplication or it may involve complete duplication of the urogenital tract, hindgut, spine, lower limbs, and vascular structures. Every case is unique and ought to be approached individually.

Can computerized tomography accurately stage childhood renal tumors?

Purpose: Staging of childhood renal tumors is crucial for treatment planning and outcome prediction. We sought to identify whether computerized tomography could accurately predict the local stage of childhood renal tumors.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our database for patients diagnosed with childhood renal tumors and treated surgically between 1990 and 2013.

Kidney stone size and hounsfield units predict successful shockwave lithotripsy in children.

Objective: To define the preoperative kidney and stones characteristics on noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography that affect the success of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) for treatment of renal calculi in pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: From 2005 to 2011, 57 children (age <16 years) with documented preoperative noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography scans underwent SWL for treatment of renal stones and were included in the present study. Stone size, site, multiplicity, average skin-to-stone distance, stone attenuation value, and kidney morphology were determined from the preoperative noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography scans.

Low-dose unenhanced computed tomography for diagnosing stone disease in obese patients.

Objective: To evaluate the detectability, size, location and density of urinary stones with unenhanced computed tomography (CT), using the half-radiation (low) dose (LDCT) technique, compared with the standard-dose CT (SDCT), in obese patients.

Patients And Methods: The study included 50 patients with a body mass index of >30 kg/m(2) and bilateral renal stones diagnosed with SDCT, and managed on one side. All the patients had LDCT during the follow-up and SDCT was used as a reference for comparison.

Are there long-term effects of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in paediatric patients?

Unlabelled: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy is effective for the treatment of paediatric renal stones with favourable short-term safety. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for treatment of paediatric renal stones is also safe for the kidney and the child on long-term follow-up.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects of extracoporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) for treatment of renal stones in paediatric patients.

Transurethral resection of ejaculatory duct in infertile men: outcome and predictors of success.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of transurethral resection of the ejaculatory duct (TURED) in the treatment for ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) and define predictors of success.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 23 infertile men between 2006 and 20011, who were diagnosed as having EDO. Inclusion criteria were azoospermia or oligozoospermia, low ejaculate volume, low ejaculate PH, little or no fructose in seminal plasma with normal serum levels of gonadotropins and testosterone and evidence of obstruction on transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) or magnetic resonance images (MRI).

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in follow-up of superficial urinary bladder carcinoma after transurethral resection: initial experience.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI is a non-invasive technique measuring the microscopic mobility of water molecules in the tissues without contrast administration. It provides information on perfusion and diffusion simultaneously in any organ, so it can be used to differentiate normal and abnormal tissue structure, and it might help in the characterization of various abnormalities. In recent years, DW-MRI has been applied in the evaluation of urinary tract lesions, such as malignant renal, prostatic and bladder tumours; however, it has not previously been tested on its ability to distinguish residual cancer from fibrotic and inflammatory changes secondary to transurethral resection (TUR) and intravesical chemotherapy, both of which manifest as bladder-wall thickening on T2-weighted MRI.

Radiological diagnosis of vesicouterine fistula: role of magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To retrospectively assess the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of vesicouterine fistula (VUF).

Materials And Methods: Between January 2003 and January 2011, 12 patients with a diagnosis of VUF were surgically managed at our center; among them, eight patients had MRI among their preoperative radiological investigations and those were included in our study. The clinical presentation, radiological investigations, and surgical findings of the patients were reviewed.

Giant seminal vesicle cyst causing ipsilateral hydronephrosis with contralateral renal agenesis.

Seminal vesicles cyst (SVC) associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis is a rare condition. Until now, contralateral renal agenesis has been found together with SVC in only 3 cases. We report the first case in the literature where contralateral renal agenesis was seen together with giant SVC, causing ipsilateral ureteral obstruction with rising of serum creatinine.

Multidetector computed tomography: role in determination of urinary stones composition and disintegration with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy--an in vitro study.

Objectives: To evaluate the ability of noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) to predict stone composition and fragility for treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL).

Methods: A total of 103 stones from patients who had undergone different open surgical procedures were scanned with a 64 detector row helical computed tomography (CT) scanner using 1-mm collimation at 2 energy levels of 80 and 120 kV. The chemical compositions of the urinary stones were assessed on the basis of the differences in the densities measured in Hounsfield units (HU).

False penile fracture: value of different diagnostic approaches and long-term outcome of conservative and surgical management.

Objectives: We determined the value of clinical and radiological findings in diagnosis of false penile fracture. Also, the long-term outcome of conservative and surgical treatment of such patients was evaluated.

Methods: Seventeen patients with false penile fracture were treated conservatively (3 patients) and surgically (14 patients) at our center.

Characterization of solid renal masses using 64-slice multidetector CT scanner.

The purpose of our study was to assess the role of a 64-slice multidetector CT (MDCT) scanner in the characterization of different solid renal masses, using a simplified approach to correct the postenhancement attenuation values. The study included 96 consecutive adults (58 men, 38 women) with renal masses; 93 with unilateral and three with bilateral masses. All of our patients underwent multiphasic CT study including pre- and postcontrast corticomedullary (CM) and nephrographic phases.

Osteonecrosis in kidney recipients: has hypocalcaemia a role?

In a previous study, the musculoskeletal affections among kidney recipients (KR) were reported, with 63 KR suffering from joint affections. We sought to determine the prevalence of osteonecrosis (ON) among those KR with joint affections, its distribution among the affected joints, and possible risk predictors. KR were subjected to biochemical, haematological, and hepatitis serology estimations.

Bladder cancer: diagnosis with diffusion-weighted MR imaging in patients with gross hematuria.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the detection of bladder neoplasms in patients with gross hematuria of lower urinary tract origin.

Materials And Methods: The study protocol received institutional ethical committee approval, and informed consent was obtained. Between April 2007 and March 2008, 130 consecutive patients with gross hematuria whose upper urinary tract had a normal appearance at ultrasonographic examination were prospectively enrolled.

Bladder tumour staging: comparison of diffusion- and T2-weighted MR imaging.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI in detection and staging of urinary bladder tumour and to compare DW MRI with the T(2)-weighted technique. One hundred and six patients with bladder tumour were prospectively included in our study. All patients were evaluated with MR imaging.

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in diagnosis of superficial and invasive urinary bladder carcinoma: a preliminary prospective study.

We conducted a prospective study to demonstrate the feasibility of using diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of urinary bladder carcinomas. Between January to June 2007, 43 patients with single bladder tumor were included in our study. Before taking a biopsy, DW MRI was obtained in the axial plane under free breathing scanning with a multisection, spin-echo type, single-shot echo planar sequence with a body coil.

Use of magnetic resonance angiography in diagnosis and decision making of post-traumatic, high-flow priapism.

The ideal imaging modality should demonstrate the presence or absence of a clinically significant causative vascular lesion which, in high-flow arterial priapism, may need intervention. We report a 22-year-old male with post-traumatic arterial priapism. Doppler US could not reliably identify a significant vascular lesion.

Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction: an all-in-one approach.

Objective: To study the ability of comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to replace multiple imaging methods in the evaluation of patients with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO).

Patients And Methods: Between May 2003 and November 2005, 46 consecutive patients (22 male and 24 females; mean age 31.6 years) with symptomatic primary PUJO were included.