Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-oxadiazole-based derivatives as multitarget anti-Alzheimer agents.

A series of novel 1,2,4-oxadiazole-based derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their potential anti-Alzheimer disease activity. The results revealed that compounds 2b, 2c, 2d, 3a, 4a, 6, 9a, 9b, and 13b showed excellent inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC values in the range of 0.0158 to 0.

Recent advances in visible light driven inactivation of bloom forming blue-green algae using novel nano-composites: Mechanism, efficiency and fabrication approaches.

Over the years, algae have proved to be a water pollutant due to global warming, climate change, and the unregulated addition of organic compounds in water bodies from diffused resources. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are severely affecting the health of humans and aquatic ecosystems. Among available anti-blooming technologies, semiconductor photocatalysis has come forth as an effective alternative.

Unraveling the interplay between root exudates, microbiota, and rhizosheath formation in pearl millet.

Background: The rhizosheath, a cohesive soil layer firmly adhering to plant roots, plays a vital role in facilitating water and mineral uptake. In pearl millet, rhizosheath formation is genetically controlled and influenced by root exudates. Here, we investigated the impact of root exudates on the microbiota composition, interactions, and assembly processes, and rhizosheath structure in pearl millet using four distinct lines with contrasting soil aggregation abilities.

Culturing the desert microbiota.

Over the last 30 years, the description of microbial diversity has been mainly based on culture-independent approaches (metabarcoding and metagenomics) allowing an in-depth analysis of microbial diversity that no other approach allows. Bearing in mind that culture-dependent approaches cannot replace culture-independent approaches, we have improved an original method for isolating strains consisting of "culturing" grains of sand directly on Petri dishes (grain-by-grain method). This method allowed to cultivate up to 10% of the bacteria counted on the surface of grains of the three sites studied in the Great Western Erg in Algeria (Timoudi, Béni Abbès, and Taghit), knowing that on average about 10 bacterial cells colonize each grain.

Facile Synthesis of the Polyaniline@Waste Cellulosic Nanocomposite for the Efficient Decontamination of Copper(II) and Phenol from Wastewater.

The existence of heavy metals and organic pollutants in wastewater is a threat to the ecosystem and a challenge for researchers to remove using common technology. Herein, a facile one-step in situ oxidative polymerization synthesis method has been used to fabricate polyaniline@waste cellulosic nanocomposite adsornt, polyaniline-embedded waste tissue paper (PANI@WTP) to remove copper(II) and phenol from the aqueous solution. The structural and surface properties of the synthesized materials were examined by XRD, FTIR, TEM, and a zeta potential analyzer.

A Recent Progress in the Leachate Pretreatment Methods Coupled with Anaerobic Digestion for Enhanced Biogas Production: Feasibility, Trends, and Techno-Economic Evaluation.

Landfill leachate (LFL) treatment is a severe challenge due to its highly viscous nature and various complex pollutants. Leachate comprises various toxic pollutants, including inorganic macro/nano components, xenobiotics, dissolved organic matter, heavy metals, and microorganisms responsible for severe environmental pollution. Various treatment procedures are available to achieve better effluent quality levels; however, most of these treatments are nondestructive, so pollutants are merely transported from one phase to another, resulting in secondary contamination.

Fabrication of Polyaniline/Graphene Oxide Nanosheet@ Tea Waste Granules Adsorbent for Groundwater Purification.

The reuse and separation of nanomaterials from an aquatic solution is always challenging and may cause nanotoxicity if not separated completely. Nanomaterial immobilization on the surface of a macro-size material could be an effective approach to developing an efficient composite for groundwater purification. Herein, polyaniline and graphene oxide nanosheet immobilized granular tea waste (PANI/GO@GTW) has been synthesized to remove the anionic and cationic contaminants from groundwater.

Role of magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of acetabular and femoral version in developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Objective: To evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the assessment of femoral and acetabular version in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 20 consecutive patients with DDH (27 dysplastic hips) who were examined with MRI. In dysplastic and normal hips (DDH and comparison groups, respectively), we evaluated the following parameters: osseous acetabular anteversion (OAA); cartilaginous acetabular anteversion (CAA); femoral anteversion; osseous Mckibbin index (OMI); cartilaginous Mckibbin index (CMI); and the thickness of the anterior and posterior acetabular cartilage.

Bacterial diversity and community structure in the rhizosphere of the halophyte Halocnemum strobilaceum in an Algerian arid saline soil.

Hypersaline ecosystems host a particular microbiota, which can be specifically recruited by halophytes. In order to broaden our knowledge of hypersaline ecosystems, an in natura study was conducted on the microbiota associated with the halophyte Halocnemum strobilaceum from alkaline-saline arid soil in Algeria. We collected and identified a total of 414 strains isolated from root tissues (RT), root-adhering soil (RAS), non-adhering rhizospheric soil (NARS) and bulk soil (BS) using different NaCl concentrations.

Assessment of gentamicin and cisplatin-induced kidney damage mediated via necrotic and apoptosis genes in albino rats.

Background: Gentamicin (GM) is a low-cost, low-resistance antibiotic commonly used to treat gram-negative bacterial diseases. Cisplatin (Csp) is a platinum-derived anti-neoplastic agent. This experiment aimed to identify the early signs of gentamicin and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Adverse events associated with transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) for chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease: a MAUDE database analysis.

Background: Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) has been used for treating chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) refractory to medical therapy. We aim to investigate the complications associated with TIF using a national database.

Methods: We analyzed post-marketing surveillance data from the FDA Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database from Jan 2011 through Jan 2021.

Contrasted microbial community colonization of a bauxite residue deposit marked by a complex geochemical context.

Bauxite residue is the alkaline byproduct generated during alumina extraction and is commonly landfilled in open-air deposits. The growth in global alumina production have raised environmental concerns about these deposits since no large-scale reuses exist to date. Microbial-driven techniques including bioremediation and critical metal bio-recovery are now considered sustainable and cost-effective methods to revalorize bauxite residues.

Discovery and characterization of UipA, a uranium- and iron-binding PepSY protein involved in uranium tolerance by soil bacteria.

Uranium is a naturally occurring radionuclide. Its redistribution, primarily due to human activities, can have adverse effects on human and non-human biota, which poses environmental concerns. The molecular mechanisms of uranium tolerance and the cellular response induced by uranium exposure in bacteria are not yet fully understood.

Comparison of left versus right lateral starting position on colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Modifying patient position during colonoscopy has been proposed as a simple and inexpensive technique to increase luminal distention and improve navigation through the large bowel. The left lateral (LL) decubitus starting position is commonly used during colonoscopy. However, reports indicate that other starting positions may offer additional benefit.

Hypersaline microbial fuel cell equipped with an oxygen-reducing microbial cathode.

Microbial anodes and oxygen reducing microbial cathodes were designed separately under constant polarization at + 0.1 V/SCE in a hypersaline medium (NaCl 45 g/L). They were then associated to design two-compartment microbial fuel cells (MFCs).

Wet- dry-suction techniques for EUS-FNA of solid lesions: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The optimal sampling techniques for EUS-FNA remain unclear and have not been standardized. To improve diagnostic accuracy, suction techniques for EUS-FNA have been developed and are widely used among endoscopists. The aim of this study was to compare wet-suction and dry-suction EUS-FNA techniques for sampling solid lesions.

Endoscopic Management of Ampullary Adenomas in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Pooled Analysis.

Background: Endoscopic papillectomy is a viable therapy in ampullary lesions. Prior studies have reported on outcomes of sporadic ampullary lesions, and only small cohort studies have reported outcomes associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) syndrome.

Aims: We performed a systematic review with pooled analysis to assess the safety and efficacy of EP for treating ampullary adenomas in FAP.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) vs pneumatic dilation (PD) in treatment of achalasia: A meta-analysis of studies with ≥ 12-month follow-up.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is increasingly being used as the preferred treatment option for achalasia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of POEM versus pneumatic balloon dilation (PD). We performed a comprehensive review of studies that reported clinical outcomes of POEM and PD for the treatment of achalasia.

Management of early gastric cancer meeting criteria for endoscopic resection: US population-based study.

The goal of this study was to assess surgical resection (SR) of early gastric cancer (EGC) fitting Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (JGCA) endoscopic resection (ER) criteria. We analyzed EGC data from the national Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015. A total of 2219 EGC cases were identified (1074 T1a and 1145 T1b).

Effects of the Denitrification Inhibitor "Procyanidins" on the Diversity, Interactions, and Potential Functions of Rhizosphere-Associated Microbiome.

Some plant secondary metabolites, such as procyanidins, have been demonstrated to cause biological denitrification inhibition (BDI) of denitrifiers in soils concomitantly with a gain in plant biomass. The present work evaluated whether procyanidins had an impact on the diversity of nontarget microbial communities that are probably involved in soil fertility and ecosystem services. Lettuce plants were grown in two contrasting soils, namely Manziat (a loamy sand soil) and Serail (a sandy clay loam soil) with and without procyanidin amendment.

Population-Based Long-term Cardiac-Specific Mortality Among Patients With Major Gastrointestinal Cancers.

Importance: Patients with major gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are at long-term risk for cardiac disease and mortality.

Objective: To investigate the cardiac-specific mortality rate among individuals with major GI cancers and the association of radiation and chemotherapy with survival outcomes in the United States.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This US cohort study included individual patient-level data of men and women older than 18 years with 5 major gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and hepatocellular cancer from 1990 to 2016.

The Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Retrospective Nationwide Study.

Background: The "remission theory" is an emerging concept that suggests the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in decreased disease severity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. This theory is based upon evidence that implicates CD4 T-lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This study sought to elucidate the legitimacy of this theory.