Dapagliflozin as an oral antihyperglycemic agent in the management of diabetes mellitus in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Background: The use of dapagliflozin in patients with cirrhosis has been relatively restricted due to concerns regarding its overall safety and pharmacological profile in this population.

Aim: To determine the safety and effectiveness of dapagliflozin in the co-management of diabetes mellitus and cirrhosis with or without ascites.

Methods: The patients studied were divided into two groups: 100 patients in the control group received insulin, while 200 patients received dapagliflozin.

Effectiveness of sorafenib in treating intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma patients refractory to transarterial chemoembolization.

Background: Switching to systemic therapy after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) refractoriness is more inclined to preserve liver function and decrease disease progression. Hence, we conducted a comparison between the advantages of sorafenib therapy and the continuation of TACE in patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who developed TACE refractoriness.

Methods: This retrospective cohort work involved 1,200 patients with HCC who received TACE therapy at our institution between January 2018 and December 2022.

Hypokalemia as a responsible factor related with the severity of hepatic encephalopathy: a wide multination cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: Several precipitating factors of hepatic encephalopathy have been recognized and studied. Hepatic encephalopathy which is a frequent and grave complication of liver failure, is associated with multiple biochemical changes like high serum ammonia, mercaptan and phenol levels, low albumin levels and derangements in electrolytes. It is characterized by a range of neuronal and psychological aberrations mainly due to the inability of liver to metabolize different neurotoxic chemicals produced in the body.

Role of endoscopic ultrasound in evaluation of patients with missed common bile duct stones.

Background: Choledocholithiasis develops in up to 20% of patients with gall bladder stones. The challenge in diagnosis usually occurs with small stones that may be missed by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is accurate in detecting common bile duct (CBD) stones missed by MRCP, especially the small ones or those impacted at the distal CBD or the papillary region.