Hybrid cheetah particle swarm optimization based optimal hierarchical control of multiple microgrids.

The emergence of microgrids arises from the growing integration of Renewable Energy Resources (RES) and Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) into Distribution Networks (DNs). Effective integration, coordination, and control of Multiple Microgrids (MMGs) whereas navigating the complexities of energy transition within this context poses a significant challenge. The dynamic operation of MMGs is a challenge faced by the traditional distributed hierarchical control techniques.

Modern PID/FOPID controllers for frequency regulation of interconnected power system by considering different cost functions.

This article presents frequency regulation of an interconnected three-area power system (Thermal + Wind + Hydro). Fractional Order PID (FOPID) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are applied as subsidiary regulators to control the electrical power interconnected system at the time of sudden load variation. To accomplish this study, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Sine Cosine Inspired Algorithm (SCIA) and Atom Search Inspired Algorithm (ASIA) are implemented to optimize the secondary regulators' gains (PID and FOPID) by considering various cost functions such as Integral Absolute Error (IAE), Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE), Integral Square Error (ISE), and Integral Time Square Error (ITSE).

Arithmetic optimization algorithm based maximum power point tracking for grid-connected photovoltaic system.

This paper suggests an optimal maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control scheme for a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system using the arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA). The parameters of the proportional-integral (PI) controller-based incremental conductance (IC) MPPT are optimally selected using AOA. To accomplish this study, a 100-kW benchmark PV system connected to a medium distribution utility is constructed and analyzed employing MATLAB/SIMULINK.