Enhanced surface functionalization of 2D molybdenum/tin chalcogenide nanostructures for effective SERS detection of .

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly sensitive analytical technique used for fingerprint recognition of molecular samples. The SERS effect, which enhances Raman scattering signals, has been the subject of extensive research over the past few decades. More recently, the commercialization of portable Raman spectrometers has brought SERS closer to real-world applications.

Enhancing wheat tolerance to salinity using nanomaterials, proline, and biochar-inoculated with .

Salinity negatively impacts crop production by affecting physiological and biochemical processes in plants. This study investigates the effectiveness of Nano-ZnO (NZn), proline (PA), Nano-TiO (NTi), Nano-SiO (NSi)), and biochar inoculated with (OSBS) in enhancing wheat tolerance to salinity stress. Pot experiments were conducted under saline conditions with varying rates of biochar and foliar applications.

Polyphenols: Chemistry, bioavailability, bioactivity, nutritional aspects and human health benefits: A review.

Polyphenols, including phenolics, alkaloids, and terpenes, are secondary metabolites that are commonly found in fruits, vegetables, and beverages, such as tea, coffee, wine, chocolate, and beer. These compounds have gained considerable attention and market demand because of their potential health benefits. However, their application is limited due to their low absorption rates and reduced tissue distribution efficiency.

Decontamination of Chlorpyrifos Residue in Soil by Using (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) for Phytoremediation and Two Bacterial Strains.

This study utilizes (MI) for the first time to investigate the uptake and translocation of chlorpyrifos (CPF; 10 µg g) from soil, introducing a new approach to improve the efficacy of this technique, which includes using biosurfactants ( and ) at 10 CFU/mL to degrade CPF under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (Prx), and oxidative stress due to hydrogen peroxide (HO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in MI roots and leaves were evaluated under CPF stress. Our results demonstrated that amending soil with MI and followed by significantly reduced CPF levels in the soil ( > 0.

β-caryophyllene oxide induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells.

One of the most common cancers that result in death is lung cancer. There is new hope in the fight against lung cancer thanks to the chemopreventive properties of natural dietary substances like β-caryophyllene oxide (CPO), and research is currently being done to test this theory. CPO, a sesquiterpene isolated from medicinal plant essential oils, inhibits carcinogenesis and has been effective in treating many cancers.

Comparative evaluation of gold nanoparticles and Alum as immune enhancers against rabies vaccine and related immune reactivity, physiological, and histopathological alterations: study.

Purpose: The present study aimed to compare the immune-enhancing potential of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to Alum against rabies vaccine and the related immunological, physiological, and histopathological effects.

Materials And Methods: Alum and AuNPs sole and in combination with rabies vaccine were used at 0.35 mg/mL and 40 nM/mL, respectively.

Three-Dimensional Boundary Element Strategy for Stress Sensitivity of Fractional-Order Thermo-Elastoplastic Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Problems of Anisotropic Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Material.

A new three-dimensional (3D) boundary element method (BEM) strategy was developed to solve fractional-order thermo-elastoplastic ultrasonic wave propagation problems based on the meshless moving least squares (MLS) method. The temperature problem domain was divided into a number of circular sub-domains. Each node was the center of the circular sub-domain surrounding it.

Fractional boundary element solution of three-temperature thermoelectric problems.

The primary goal of this article is to propose a new fractional boundary element technique for solving nonlinear three-temperature (3 T) thermoelectric problems. Analytical solution of the current problem is extremely difficult to obtain. To overcome this difficulty, a new numerical technique must be developed to solve such problem.

Boundary Element and Sensitivity Analysis of Anisotropic Thermoelastic Metal and Alloy Discs with Holes.

The main aim of this paper was to develop an advanced processing method for analyzing of anisotropic thermoelastic metal and alloy discs with holes. In the boundary element method (BEM), the heat impact is expressed as an additional volume integral in the corresponding boundary integral equation. Any attempt to integrate it directly will necessitate domain discretization, which will eliminate the BEM's most distinguishing feature of boundary discretization.

Anticancer and antibacterial potentials induced post short-term exposure to electromagnetic field and silver nanoparticles and related pathological and genetic alterations: in vitro study.

Background: Resistance to antibiotics and anticancer therapy is a serious global health threat particularly in immunosuppressed cancer patients. Current study aimed to estimate the antibacterial and anticancer potentials of short-term exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) either in sole or combined form.

Methods: Antibacterial activity was evaluated via determination of the bacterial viable count reduction percentage following exposure, whereas their ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line was detected using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and cell cycle analysis.

Evaluation of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Conditioning Medium (hWJ-MSCs-CM) or Scorpion Venom Breast Cancer Cell Line In Vitro.

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of Egyptian scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus venom (ScV) or human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioning medium (hWJ-MSCs-CM)/CM against breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line as an alternative effective cancer biotherapy.

Methods: Venom (ScV) toxicity was performed recording concentration-dependent viability % and ScV IC value was in the order of 100 μg/ml. MCF-7 were treated with hWJ-MSCs-CM used as (25%, 50%, and 75% ml) or the IC of ScV.

Apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects of propolis against human bladder cancer: molecular docking and in vitro screening.

Introduction: Bladder cancer is still of unknown initiation and progression, it is difficult to treat the patient once bladder cancer have a distant metastasis.

Materials And Methods: In the present study, propolis extract was evaluated against bladder cancer cells (T24). Two independent pathways were investigated, apoptosis and angiogenesis, Bax, Bcl-2, P53, and caspase-3 for apoptosis, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and protein kinase A as angiogenesis potential targets.

derived hyaluronic acid and bacillus Calmette-Guérin purified proteins as immune enhancers to rabies vaccine and related immuno-histopathological alterations.

Purpose: One of the essential goals regarding the successful control of rabies infection is the development of a safe, effective, and inexpensive vaccine. the current study aimed to evaluate the inactivation potential of β-propiolactone (βPL), binary ethyleneimine (BEI), and hydrogen peroxide (HO).

Materials And Methods: Estimating the inactivation kinetics of βPL, BEI, and HO revealed that the tested inactivants could completely and irreversibly inactivate rabies virus within 2, 12, and 4 hours, respectively while maintaining its viral immunogenicity.

Outer membrane proteins of as an adjuvant in rabies vaccine.

Purpose: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the immune-enhancing potential of outer membrane protein (OMP) and alum as adjuvants towards inactivated Vero cells rabies vaccine (FRV/K2).

Materials And Methods: Six groups of female Sprague Dawley albino rats (10/group) were used in the evaluation of immunogenicity and safety of vaccines and adjuvants. Total immunoglobulin G secreted interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and the percentage of proliferated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were measured.

Self organizing maps for the parametric analysis of COVID-19 SEIRS delayed model.

Since 2019, entire world is facing the accelerating threat of Corona Virus, with its third wave on its way, although accompanied with several vaccination strategies made by world health organization. The control on the transmission of the virus is highly desired, even though several key measures have already been made, including masks, sanitizing and disinfecting measures. The ongoing research, though devoted to this pandemic, has certain flaws, due to which no permanent solution has been discovered.

Genetic and Histopathological Alterations in Caco-2 and HuH-7 Cells Treated with Secondary Metabolites of Marine fungi.

The present work aimed to study the activity of naturally derived fungal secondary metabolites as anticancer agents concerning their cytotoxicity, apoptotic, genetic, and histopathological profile. It was noticed that Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus induced variable toxic potential that was cell type, secondary metabolite type, and concentration dependent. Human colonic adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) showed less sensitivity than hepatocyte-derived cellular carcinoma cells (HuH-7), and in turn, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) was variable.

Efficacy and safety of continent anal urinary diversion for complicated bladder exstrophy in children by using modified Duhamel's procedure.

Background: A high proportion of children with bladder exstrophy will continue to suffer from urinary incontinence and a miserable life even after a well-performed staged reconstruction in specialized centers. Most of those children usually have a normal anal sphincter allowing construction of a neobladder from the rectum, so they are continent without an abdominal stoma, and do not require frequent catheterization, which greatly contribute to a favorable body image.

Objective: In this study a modified Duhamel's rectal pouch done for 19 children, with implication of suitable stapler adopted to construct a rectal bladder with a non-refluxing urterorectostomy, there is a theoretical advantage in our procedure of avoiding a mix of urine and feces.

Real time stability and viability prediction of the anticancer BCG after lyophilization.

To test if trehalose could be a better cryoprotectant for BCG than the usually used lactose and predict viability of BCG during shelf-life, BCG was suspended into three stabilizer systems containing 15% w/v trehalose, trehalose-gelatin mixture (in ratio, 30:1 w/w) or lactose. Each formula was lyophilized and several quality parameters were tested before and after lyophilization including sterility, safety, viability, morphology and moisture content. Samples of lyophilized formulae were tested for their reconstitution time and others were charged to stability chambers at 5°C for the performance of real time study.

Spectrum of penoscrotal positional anomalies in children.

Background: The normal relationship between the scrotum and penis during fetal development is controlled by several genetic and hormonal factors, and impairment of this positional relation results in a wide spectrum of positional congenital anomalies.

Objective: This a cohort study analysing 63 cases of penoscrotal anomalies (PSAs) according to severity and other associated malformations to provide a simple classification for recognising, describing and categorizing cases that may require surgical correction.

Design And Setting: Between 2005 and 2013, 63 diverse cases of penoscrotal positional anomaly were detected and analysed based on their hormonal profile and other associated anomaly.

Versatility of tissue expansion in abdominal wall reconstruction after removal of vascular malformations in children.

Background: Children who have had extensive abdominal wall vascular anomalies (VAs) face 3 common reconstructive options: either tolerating the complications of these lesions, exposure to repeated laser therapy session with its sequelae, or excision followed by a color-matched skin graft. The use of serial tissue expansion and excision of the affected skin offers a potentially better option under the right circumstances. Tissue expanders (TEs) have broad applicability but are not without complications.

The feasibility of tissue expanders in reconstruction of giant congenital melanocytic nevi in children.

Background: Children with giant congenital melanocytic nevi (GCMN) pose a great challenge to pediatric and reconstructive surgeons because they have to cover the widely exposed area after its excision. A variety of treatment options exist for the management of such cases. In this retrospective review of a selected group of children who had a GCMN of their abdominal walls managed with implantation of tissue expanders (TEs) for staged reconstruction, patients were evaluated with respect to complications and general and esthetic criteria for patient and parent satisfaction.