Frequency of regulatory B cells phenotypes in breast cancer patients in Egypt.

Accumulating evidence has indicated that immune regulatory cells are involved in the establishment of the anti-tumor activity, however; the role of regulatory B cells (B-regs) in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. This study intended to assess the frequency of peripheral B-regs phenotypes in patients with BC, and to determine the relation between these phenotypes and the patient's clinicopathological characters. The expressions of the immune cell populations were analyzed by four-color flow cytometry in 40 naïve BC patients and 10 age-matched apparently healthy individuals as controls attending the department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine at Assiut University Hospitals.

Role of ATG16LI (rs2241880) and Interleukin 10 (rs1800872) Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Among Egyptian Patients.

This study was performed to determine the role of autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1, rs2241880) and IL10 (rs1800872) polymorphisms in the susceptibility to and early prediction of breast cancer in Egyptians. The study included 50 breast cancer patients and 50 apparently healthy controls. The PCR-RFLP technique was used to detect ATG16L1 (rs2241880) and IL10 (rs1800872) genotypes.

Evaluation of autophagy-related genes in Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Disturbances in autophagy are known to be implicated in autoimmune disorders. Many studies have connected polymorphisms in autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG-5) to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our aim was the determination of the expression level of ATG-5, Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein-light chain 3 (LC-3) in Egyptian SLE patients to investigate the impact of disturbances in autophagy genes on the incidence and progression of the disease.

Diagnosis of onychomycosis clinically by nail dermoscopy versus microbiological diagnosis.

Diagnosis of onychomycosis requires microbiological studies, which are time-consuming. Dermoscopy is non invasive, easy and coastless method. To evaluate the diagnostic role of dermoscopy in onychomycosis and comparing its findings with microbiological results.

Rapid diagnosis of neonatal sepsis by PCR for detection of 16S rRNA gene, while blood culture and PCR results were similar in -predominant EOS cases.

Purpose: To determine the bacteriological pattern and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates causing neonatal sepsis in Qena University Hospitals and compare polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blood culture results in a trial for rapid diagnosis.

Patients And Methods: Blood samples from 75 clinically suspected cases of neonatal sepsis were subjected to identification of bacteria and determination of their antibiotic sensitivity through blood culture, and rapid detection of 16S rRNA and the uidA gene (to confirm the presence of ) by PCR from extracted bacterial DNA.

Results: Most patients were preterm (64%) and low birth weight (LBW) (68%).

Plasma Levels of Interleukin-35 and its Association with Clinical Features of Breast Cancer Patients at Assiut University Hospitals.

Interleukin-35 (IL-35), is a recently identified cytokine that belongs to the IL-12 family, it is a potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokine which was first recognized to be produced by regulatory T cells (Tregs) cells, and recently was found to be produced by regulatory B cells (Bregs). The study aimed at determining whether plasma levels of IL-35 are associated with clinical characteristics of breast cancer (BC) patients. The study included 40 patients with breast cancer (BC), and 10 matched controls.

HLA-B*08 Carry a Risk for Type 1 Diabetes among Cow's Milk Exposed Egyptian Infants and Unmarked Linkage Disequilibrium with DR3-DQA1*05-DQB1*02 Haplotype.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease associated with multiple genetics and environmental factors. The aim of the study is to determine the frequency of HLA-B*08 and HLA-B*39 and its linkage disequilibrium with common risk haplotypes DR3-DQA1*05-DQB1*02, and DR4-DQA1-03-DQB1*0302 among T1D Egyptian infants. And assess different environmental factors as early exposure to cow's milk, exclusive breast feeding, mode of delivery and low birth weight.

Immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells: Cell origin and cell quality variations.

The immunomodulatory property of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been previously reported. Still it is unclear if this property can be affected by the cell origin and cell quality. Using primary MSCs expanded from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) of mice, we investigated whether the immunomodulatory property of MSCs varied with cell origin and cell quality (early- vs.

Divergent susceptibilities to AAV-SaCas9-gRNA vector-mediated genome-editing in a single-cell-derived cell population.

Objective: Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based vectors are characterized by their robust and safe transgene delivery. The CRISPR/Cas9 and guide RNA (gRNA) system present a promising genome-editing platform, and a recent development of a shorter Cas9 enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus (SaCas9) allows generation of high titer single AAV vectors which carry both saCas9- and gRNA-expression cassettes. Here, we used two AAV-SaCas9 vectors with distinct GFP-targeted gRNA sequences and determined the impact of AAV-SaCas9-gRNA vector treatment in a single cell clone carrying a GFP-expression cassette.

Association between IL28B rs12979860 single nucleotide polymorphism and the frequency of colonic Treg in chronically HCV-infected patients.

The IL28B gene is associated with spontaneous or treatment-induced HCV viral clearance. However, the mechanism by which the IL28B single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) affects the extra-hepatic HCV immune responses and its relationship to HCV pathogenesis have not been thoroughly investigated. To examine the mechanism by which IL28B affects HCV clearance.

Extra-hepatic infection of hepatitis C virus in the colon tissue and its relationship with hepatitis C virus pathogenesis.

Extra-hepatic compartments might contribute to hepatitis C virus (HCV) persistence and extra-hepatic manifestations. Therefore, we investigated HCV infection in colonic tissue in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and its relationship with HCV pathogenesis. Colonic biopsies were collected from three groups with CHC infection: treatment naïve (TN; n=12), non-responders (NR; n=10) to anti-HCV therapy (pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin) and sustained virologic response (SVR; n=10) and from a fourth healthy control group (n=10).

Association of colonic regulatory T cells with hepatitis C virus pathogenesis and liver pathology.

Background And Aim: Forkhead box protein P3 (FoxP3)(+) regulatory T (Treg ) cells play a fundamental role in maintaining the balance between the tissue-damaging and protective immune response to chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection. Herein, we investigated the frequency of Treg cells in the colon and their potential relationship to the various CHC outcomes and hepatic histopathology.

Methods: Colonic biopsies were collected from three groups with CHC: treatment naïve (TN; n = 20), non-responders (NR; n = 20), sustained virologic response (SVR; n = 20), and a fourth healthy control group (n = 10).

Risk genes and autoantibodies in Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes - low frequency of autoantibodies in carriers of the HLA-DRB1*04:05-DQA1*03-DQB1*02 risk haplotype.

Background: The study aimed to define the frequencies of type 1 diabetes-associated gene polymorphisms and their associations with various diabetes-associated autoantibodies in Egyptian children.

Methods: One hundred and one children with type 1 diabetes and 160 healthy controls from the same region were studied for HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DRB1 (DR4 subtypes) alleles; for INS and protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 gene polymorphisms (rs689 and rs2476601); and for diabetes-associated autoantibodies.

Results: Most children with diabetes (77.

Is Foxp3 a good marker for regulatory T cells?

To track the changes in the tested Treg markers especially Foxp3 following activation to determine whether data of human studies using Foxp3 in evaluation of Tregs are reliable or not. Four-colour flow cytometry analysis was carried out to calculate the percentages of Tregs before and after lymphocyte activation. Foxp3 expression by CD4(+)CD25(+)* and CD4(+)CD25(high) T cells increased after T cell activation.

Relations of regulatory T cells with hepatitis markers in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

To assess regulatory T cells (Treg) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infected patients and to evaluate the presence of a possible relation between them and hepatitis B markers, flow cytometry analysis was carried out to calculate the percentages of Tregs, Tregs secreting IL-10 and CD4(+) T cells secreting interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in 59 patients and 32 healthy controls. CD4(+)CD25(+), CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+), CD4(+)D25(high), CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+) T cells and Treg cells secreting IL-10 were higher in CHB patients than in healthy controls. CD4(+)CD25(+), CD4(+)CD25(-), and total CD4(+)T cells secreting IFN-γ were generally lower in CHB patients than in healthy controls.

Detection of icaA, icaD genes and biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from urinary tract catheterized patients.

Background: Staphylococci are a common cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. The present study evaluated biofilm forming capacity and the presence of both icaA and icaD genes among staphylococci strains isolated from patients undergoing ureteral catheterization.

Methodology: Different bacterial strains were isolated from urine and stents segments collected from 100 patients.

Chlamydia trachomatis: methods of identification and impact on semen quality.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection is considered to be one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. It is currently unclear whether chlamydial infection causes pathological conditions of the male accessory glands has consequences for male infertility. To determine the frequency of C.