Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in children after the Kawashima procedure: Risk factors and midterm outcome.

Background: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are the major cause of progressive cyanosis in patients palliated with bidirectional cavopulmonary connection (BCPC). The aim of our study is to analyze the occurrence of PAVMs in patients after Kawashima procedure, to study the effect of total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) on PAVMs, to evaluate the effect of axillary arteriovenous fistula (AAVF) creation on PAVMs, and to study the risk factors for PAVMs.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all patients with left isomerism and azygous continuation of an interrupted inferior vena cava who underwent Kawashima procedure from July 2001 to December 2017 were included.

Late-presenting complete heart block after pediatric cardiac surgery.

Late presenting complete heart block after pediatric cardiac surgery is a rare complication and its management is well defined once the initial diagnosis in made timely and appropriately. In this report we described a child who underwent atrioventricular septal defect repair with a normal sinus rhythm during the postoperative period, as well as during the first 2 years of follow up. She subsequently developed complete heart block with bradycardia that required insertion of a pacemaker.

Ebstein cardiac anomaly, functional pulmonary atresia and isovaleric acidemia: A case report.

In this report, we present a rare association between Ebstein anomaly (EA) and isovaleric acidemia (IVA) in a newborn who was admitted to our cardiac center. He underwent for PDA stenting to maintain adequate pulmonary blood flow, later he developed recurrent metabolic acidosis, prominent sweaty feet odor, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. His organic acids profile in the urine confirmed the diagnosis of IVA.

Outcome of tracheostomy after pediatric cardiac surgery.

Objective: To investigate the incidence, timing indications and outcome of tracheotomy in children who underwent cardiac surgeries.

Methods: All pediatric cardiac patients (under 14 years of age) who underwent cardiac surgeries and required tracheotomy from November 2000 to November 2010 were reviewed. The data were collected and reviewed retrospectively.